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Synergy effect of regulated Li-plating and functional solid electrolyte interphase on graphite anodes

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8077-8085页

作者： Panpan Wang Baojia Xia Jianling Li State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Shanghai institute of Microsystem and information Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

The growth of Li dendrites poses potential safety hazard to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),and eliminating Li dendrites thoroughly stills face tough difficulties ***,regulating Li-plating is a critical optimization-direction to address the ***,a“graphite-Li hybrid”anode with high reversibility is realized under the constant-capacity lithiation(CCL).Within CCL,the uniform distribution of Li-plating on the graphite surface is successfully *** evolution in different states of solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)is investigated in detail to study the interaction between the potentials and impedance during the process of Liintercalation and *** the potential below 0 V and the state of charge(SOC)of 110%relative to the theoretical capacity,the F-rich SEI with high stability is constructed to hinder the emergency of Li dendrites and maintain the intact structure of graphite anode under long *** cell presents more than 100%Coulombic efficiency(CE)with the 900 cycles,demonstrating the reversible Li-plating and the utilization of *** the CCL half-cell provides a good cycling performance and specific capacity of 900 cycles at 0.5 C,it is attributed to the synergy effect of stable inorganic-rich SEI and regulated active Li-plating.

关键词： "graphite-Li hybrid"anode Li-plating reversibility solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)

The Role of Renewable Protocatechol Acid in Epoxy Coating Modification: Significantly Improved Antibacterial and Adhesive Properties

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 63-72,I0008页

作者： Ming-Xuan Chen Jin-Yue Dai Li-Yue Zhang Shuai-Peng Wang Jing-Kai Liu Yong-Gang Wu Xin-Wu Ba Xiao-Qing Liu School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071000China Ningbo institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related technologies Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China

It is of great significance to design epoxy coatings with superior antibacterial properties and high adhesive properties, as well as excellent processing, superior durability, and high transparency. However, it is still a challenge because of the common complex design and synthesis. Herein, the bio-based monomer protocatechuic acid(PCA) was used as raw material, the catechol structure with high bonding and antibacterial properties was introduced into the flexible alkane segment of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether(EGDE) through an efficient, and green method, and it was cured with isophorone diamine(IPDA) to prepare corresponding thermosets. The cured resins exhibited excellent allaround qualities, particularly in bonding and antibacterial. When 30% PCA was added to pure epoxy resin, the adhesion between substrate and coating increased from 4.40 MPa to 13.60 MPa and the antibacterial rate of coating against E. coli and S. aureus could approach 100%. All of this is due to the fact that the catechol structure present in PCA has the ability to interact with various substrates and alter the permeability of bacterial cell membranes. The architecture of this method offers a fresh approach to dealing with the issues of challenging raw material selection and complex synthesis techniques.

关键词： Epoxy coatings Thermosets Catechol structure Antibacterial High adhesion

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Embracing connected intelligence with the YuanOS architecture:one OS kit for all

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第1期18卷 1-3页

作者： Haibo CHEN Ning JIA Jie YIN institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China OS Kernel Lab Huawei Technologies Co.Ltd.Beijing 100085China

Operating system abstracts hardware and creates application execution environment,and thus is the key pillar for IT *** its first invention in 1956,operating system has been evolved over three main stages:Mainframe,PC&Internet,Mobile Internet[1].Now,the entire society is firmly stepping towards the connected intelligence era[2],how should operating system be evolved to embrace this new era?

关键词： hardware execution connected

Deep-learning architecture for PM_(2.5) concentration prediction: A review

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 17-33页

作者： Shiyun Zhou Wei Wang Long Zhu Qi Qiao Yulin Kang institute of Environmental information Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China School of Optics and Photonics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China College of Water sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Accurately predicting the concentration of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))is crucial for evaluating air pollution levels and public *** advancements have seen a significant rise in using deep learning(DL)models for forecasting PM_(2.5) ***,there is a lack of unified and standardized frameworks for assessing the performance of DL-based PM_(2.5) prediction *** we extensively reviewed those DL-based hybrid models for forecasting PM_(2.5) levels according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)*** examined the similarities and differences among various DL models in predicting PM_(2.5) by comparing their complexity and *** categorized PM_(2.5) DL methodologies into seven types based on performance and application conditions,including four types of DL-based models and three types of hybrid learning *** research indicates that established deep learning architectures are commonly used and respected for their ***,many of these models often fall short in terms of innovation and ***,models hybrid with traditional approaches,like deterministic and statistical models,exhibit high interpretability but compromise on accuracy and ***,hybrid DL models,representing the pinnacle of innovation among the studied models,encounter issues with *** introduce a novel three-dimensional evaluation framework,i.e.,Dataset-MethodExperiment Standard(DMES)to unify and standardize the evaluation for PM_(2.5) predictions using DL *** review provides a framework for future evaluations of DL-based models,which could inspire researchers to standardize DL model usage in PM_(2.5) prediction and improve the quality of related studies.

关键词： PM_(2.5)concentration prediction Deep-learning based model Bibliometrics analysis Evaluation framework

Silicon cross-coupled gated tunneling diodes

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Chip 2024年第2期3卷 79-87页

作者： Zhenyun Tang Zhe Wang Zhigang Song Wanhua Zheng Laboratory of Solid-State Optoelectronics information Technology Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China

Tunneling-based static random-access memory(SRAM)devices have been developed to fulfill the demands of high density and low power,and the performance of SRAMs has also been greatly ***,for a long time,there has not been a silicon based tunneling device with both high peak valley current ratio(PVCR)and practicality,which remains a gap to be *** on the existing work,the current manuscript proposed the concept of a new silicon-based tunneling device,i.e.,the silicon crosscoupled gated tunneling diode(Si XTD),which is quite simple in structure and almost completely compatible with mainstream *** technology computer aided design(TCAD)simulations,it has been validated that this type of device not only exhibits significant negative-differential-resistance(NDR)behavior with PVCRs up to 10^(6),but also possesses reasonable process ***,SPICE simulation showed the great potential of such devices to achieve ultralow-power tunneling-based SRAMs with standby power down to 10^(−12)W.

关键词： Low power Silicon-based tunneling device Negative differential resistance(NDR) Peak-to-valley current ratio(PVCR) TCAD simulation

Development of a Mengla virus minigenome and comparison of its polymerase complexes with those of other filoviruses

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第3期39卷 459-468页

作者： Shi-Zhe Xie Ke Yao Bei Li Cheng Peng Xing-Lou Yang Zheng-Li Shi State Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing100049China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity information Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory Wuhan430200China

Ebola virus(EBOV)and Marburg virus(MARV),members of the Filoviridae family,are highly pathogenic and can cause hemorrhagic fevers,significantly impacting human *** are considered reservoirs of these viruses because related filoviruses have been discovered in ***,due to the requirement for maximum containment laboratories when studying infectious viruses,the characterization of bat filoviruses often relies on pseudoviruses and minigenome *** this study,we used RACE technology to sequence the 30-leader and 50-trailer of Mengla virus(MLAV)and constructed a *** to MARV,the transcription activities of the MLAV minigenome are independent of *** further assessed the effects of polymorphisms at the 50 end on MLAV minigenome activity and identified certain mutations that decrease minigenome reporter efficiency,probably due to alterations in the RNA secondary *** reporter activity upon recombination of the 30-leaders and 50-trailers of MLAV,MARV,and EBOV with those of the homologous or heterologous minigenomes was compared and it was found that the polymerase complex and leader and trailer sequences exhibit intrinsic ***,we investigated whether the polymerase complex proteins from EBOV and MARV support MLAV minigenome RNA synthesis and found that the homologous system is more efficient than the heterologous *** efficiently inhibited MLAV as well as EBOV *** summary,this study provides new information on bat filoviruses and the minigenome will be a useful tool for high-throughput antiviral drug screening.

关键词： Bat filovirus Mengla virus(MLAV) Minigenome Replication Antiviral drug screening

Intelligent secure near-field communication

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Science China(information sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 340-341页

作者： Nan ZHANG Jifa ZHANG Chengwen XING Na DENG Nan ZHAO School of information and Communication Engineering Dalian University of Technology School of information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology

The research and development efforts for the sixth generation(6G) wireless communication are underway to fulfill the growing demands for wireless communications. 6G is expected to become the key enabler for diverse new applications and services [1]. To achieve the excellent performance, 6G will implement extremely large-scale antenna arrays(ELAAs), terahertz [2], and new types of antennas with metamaterials, leading to a paradigm shift for the electromagnetic characteristics.

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Quafu-Qcover:Explore combinatorial optimization problems on cloud-based quantum computers

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 104-115页

作者：许宏泽庄伟峰王正安黄凯旋时运豪马卫国李天铭陈驰通许凯冯玉龙刘培陈墨李尚书杨智鹏钱辰靳羽欣马运恒肖骁钱鹏顾炎武柴绪丹普亚南张翼鹏魏世杰增进峰李行龙桂鲁金贻荣于海峰范桁刘东胡孟军 Beijing Academy of Quantum information sciences Beijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Frontier Science Center for Quantum information Beijing 100184China School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation UCASBeijing 100190China

We introduce Quafu-Qcover,an open-source cloud-based software package developed for solving combinatorial optimization problems using quantum simulators and hardware ***-Qcover provides a standardized and comprehensive workflow that utilizes the quantum approximate optimization algorithm(QAOA).It facilitates the automatic conversion of the original problem into a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization(QUBO)model and its corresponding Ising model,which can be subsequently transformed into a weight *** core of Qcover relies on a graph decomposition-based classical algorithm,which efficiently derives the optimal parameters for the shallow QAOA ***-Qcover incorporates a dedicated compiler capable of translating QAOA circuits into physical quantum circuits that can be executed on Quafu cloud quantum *** to a general-purpose compiler,our compiler demonstrates the ability to generate shorter circuit depths,while also exhibiting superior speed ***,the Qcover compiler has the capability to dynamically create a library of qubits coupling substructures in real-time,utilizing the most recent calibration data from the superconducting quantum *** ensures that computational tasks can be assigned to connected physical qubits with the highest *** Quafu-Qcover allows us to retrieve quantum computing sampling results using a task ID at any time,enabling asynchronous ***,it incorporates modules for results preprocessing and visualization,facilitating an intuitive display of solutions for combinatorial optimization *** hope that Quafu-Qcover can serve as an instructive illustration for how to explore application problems on the Quafu cloud quantum computers.

关键词： quantum cloud platform combinatorial optimization problems quantum software

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The Life Cycle of Knowledge in Big Language Models:A Survey

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第2期21卷 217-238页

作者： Boxi Cao Hongyu Lin Xianpei Han Le Sun Chinese information Processing Laboratory Beijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 101408China

Knowledge plays a critical role in artificial ***,the extensive success of pre-trained language models(PLMs)has raised significant attention about how knowledge can be acquired,maintained,updated and used by language *** the enormous amount of related studies,there is still a lack of a unified view of how knowledge circulates within language models throughout the learning,tuning,and application processes,which may prevent us from further understanding the connections between current progress or realizing existing *** this survey,we revisit PLMs as knowledge-based systems by dividing the life circle of knowledge in PLMs into five critical periods,and investigating how knowledge circulates when it is built,maintained and *** this end,we systematically review existing studies of each period of the knowledge life cycle,summarize the main challenges and current limitations,and discuss future directions.

关键词： Pre-trained language model knowledge acquisition knowledge representation knowledge probing knowledge editing knowledge application