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Enhancing 3D Reconstruction Accuracy of FIB Tomography Data Using Multi‑voltage Images and Multimodal Machine Learning

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 48-60页

作者： Trushal Sardhara Alexander Shkurmanov Yong Li Lukas Riedel Shan Shi Christian J.Cyron Roland C.Aydin Martin Ritter institute for Continuum and material Mechanics Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Electron Microscopy Unit Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany institute of materials Physics and Technology Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany institute of materials Mechanics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany Research Group of Integrated Metallic Nanomaterials systems Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany institute of material systems modeling Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany

FIB-SEM tomography is a powerful technique that integrates a focused ion beam(FIB)and a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to capture high-resolution imaging data of nanostructures.This approach involves collecting in-plane SEM imagesand using FIB to remove material layers for imaging subsequent planes,thereby producing image stacks.However,theseimage stacks in FIB-SEM tomography are subject to the shine-through effect,which makes structures visible from theposterior regions of the current plane.This artifact introduces an ambiguity between image intensity and structures in thecurrent plane,making conventional segmentation methods such as thresholding or the k-means algorithm insufficient.Inthis study,we propose a multimodal machine learning approach that combines intensity information obtained at differentelectron beam accelerating voltages to improve the three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction of nanostructures.By treatingthe increased shine-through effect at higher accelerating voltages as a form of additional information,the proposed methodsignificantly improves segmentation accuracy and leads to more precise 3D reconstructions for real FIB tomography data.

关键词： Multimodal machine learning Multi-voltage images FIB-SEM Overdeterministic systems 3D reconstruction FIB tomography

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Small but mighty:Empowering sodium/potassium-ion battery performance with S-doped SnO2 quantum dots embedded in N,S codoped carbon fiber network

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 186-200页

作者： Shengnan He Hui Wu Shuang Li Ke Liu Yaxiong Yang Hongge Pan Xuebin Yu institute of Science and Technology for New Energy Xi'an Technological UniversityXi'anChina Department of materials Science Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Wanxiang A123 systems Corporation HangzhouChina School of material Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina

SnO_(2) has been extensively investigated as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)due to its high Na/K storage capacity,high abundance,and low toxicity.However,the sluggish reaction kinetics,low electronic conductivity,and large volume changes during charge and discharge hinder the practical applications of SnO_(2)-based electrodes for SIBs and PIBs.Engineering rational structures with fast charge/ion transfer and robust stability is important to overcoming these challenges.Herein,S-doped SnO_(2)(S-SnO_(2))quantum dots(QDs)(≈3 nm)encapsulated in an N,S codoped carbon fiber networks(S-SnO_(2)-CFN)are rationally fabricated using a sequential freeze-drying,calcination,and S-doping strategy.Experimental analysis and density functional theory calculations reveal that the integration of S-SnO_(2) QDs with N,S codoped carbon fiber network remarkably decreases the adsorption energies of Na/K atoms in the interlayer of SnO_(2)-CFN,and the S doping can increase the conductivity of SnO_(2),thereby enhancing the ion transfer kinetics.The synergistic interaction between S-SnO_(2) QDs and N,S codoped carbon fiber network results in a composite with fast Na+/K+storage and extraordinary long-term cyclability.Specifically,the S-SnO_(2)-CFN delivers high rate capacities of 141.0 mAh g^(−1) at 20 A g^(−1) in SIBs and 102.8 mAh g^(−1) at 10 A g^(−1) in PIBs.Impressively,it delivers ultra-stable sodium storage up to 10,000 cycles at 5 A g^(−1) and potassium storage up to 5000 cycles at 2 A g^(−1).This study provides insights into constructing metal oxide-based carbon fiber network structures for high-performance electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices.

关键词： carbon fiber network heteroatom doping potassium-ion battery sodium-ion battery S-SnO2 quantum dot

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Model of fractured medium and nondestructive control of composite materials

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 93-99页

作者： Vasily GOLUBEV Ilia NIKITIN Katerina BEKLEMYSHEVA Department of Computers Science and Numerical Mathematics Moscow Institute of Physics and TechnologyDolgoprudny 141700Russia Mathematical modeling and Management Department of InformatizationInstitute of Computer Aided Design RASMoscow 123056Russia

Non-destructive testing of composites is an important issue in the modern aircraft industry.Composites are susceptible to the barely visible impact damage which can affect the residual strength of the material and occurs both during production and operation.The continuum model for describing the damaged zone is presented.The slip theory relations used for a continuous distribution of slip planes are applied.At the initial stage,the isotropic background model is used.This model allows the material slippage along the fractures based on the Coulomb friction law with the small viscous addition.In this regime,the govern system of equations becomes rigid.To overcome this difficulty,the explicit-implicit grid-characteristic scheme is proposed.The standard ultrasound diagnostic procedure of damaged composite materials is successfully simulated.Compared with the trivial free-surface fracture model,different reactions on the compression and stretch waves are registered.This approach provided an effective way for the simulation of complex dynamic behavior of damage zones.

关键词： Non-destructive testing Composite materials Numerical modeling Continuum model Grid-characteristic method

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Correcting Climate Model Sea Surface Temperature Simulations with Generative Adversarial Networks:Climatology,Interannual Variability,and Extremes

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1299-1312页

作者： Ya WANG Gang HUANG Baoxiang PAN Pengfei LIN Niklas BOERS Weichen TAO Yutong CHEN BO LIU Haijie LI State Key Laboratory of Numerical modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Earth System Modelling School of Engineering and DesignTechnical University of MunichOttobrunn 85521Germany Potsdam institute for Climate Impact Research Potsdam 14412Germany Department of Mathematics and Global systems institute University of ExeterExeter EX44QEUK CMA Earth System modeling and Prediction Centre(CEMC) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

Climate models are vital for understanding and projecting global climate change and its associated impacts.However,these models suffer from biases that limit their accuracy in historical simulations and the trustworthiness of future projections.Addressing these challenges requires addressing internal variability,hindering the direct alignment between model simulations and observations,and thwarting conventional supervised learning methods.Here,we employ an unsupervised Cycle-consistent Generative Adversarial Network(CycleGAN),to correct daily Sea Surface Temperature(SST)simulations from the Community Earth System Model 2(CESM2).Our results reveal that the CycleGAN not only corrects climatological biases but also improves the simulation of major dynamic modes including the El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and the Indian Ocean Dipole mode,as well as SST extremes.Notably,it substantially corrects climatological SST biases,decreasing the globally averaged Root-Mean-Square Error(RMSE)by 58%.Intriguingly,the CycleGAN effectively addresses the well-known excessive westward bias in ENSO SST anomalies,a common issue in climate models that traditional methods,like quantile mapping,struggle to rectify.Additionally,it substantially improves the simulation of SST extremes,raising the pattern correlation coefficient(PCC)from 0.56 to 0.88 and lowering the RMSE from 0.5 to 0.32.This enhancement is attributed to better representations of interannual,intraseasonal,and synoptic scales variabilities.Our study offers a novel approach to correct global SST simulations and underscores its effectiveness across different time scales and primary dynamical modes.

关键词： generative adversarial networks model bias deep learning El Niño-Southern Oscillation marine heatwaves

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Research on the influences of motion characteristics of jetting projectile charge under water

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 411-425页

作者： Xing Chen Yong-gang Lu institute of systems Engineering China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900SichuanChina

Shaped charge warhead is important for enhancing the damage performance of underwater weapons.This paper used finite element analysis software and based on JPC water penetration experiments to examine the influence of liner parameters(wall thickness,material),charge aspect ratio,and stand-off distance on the movement characteristics of JPC in water.The findings reveal that the head diameter of the JPC increases and experiences significant erosion after entering the water,the effective length of the JPC in water undergoes two distinct phases:a growth phase and a decrease phase,with the velocity of the JPC decaying exponentially.Increasing the liner thickness,stand-off distance and the charge aspect ratio can improve the erosion resistance and the velocity retention capacity of the JPC.The optimal ranges for liner thickness and stand-off distance are 0.0363D_(k) to 0.0545D_(k)(D_(k) is the charge diameter),the stand-off distance should be within 1.0D_(k).After the charge aspect ratio higher than 1.25,the charge structure exerts minimal influence the movement characteristics of the JPC in water.material density plays a crucial role in the velocity decay pattern of the JPC during penetration.JPC with higher densities exhibit superior velocity retention capabilities in water,with the velocity decay pattern converging if the densities are similar.Consequently,copper,tantalum and tungsten liners are deemed appropriate for underwater shaped charge warhead.Finally,the results will provide an important reference for the design of underwater shaped charge warhead.

关键词： JPC Movement characteristics Underwater penetration Numerical simulation

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Hybrid Strategy of Partitioned and Monolithic Methods for Solving Strongly Coupled Analysis of Inverse and Direct Piezoelectric and Circuit Coupling

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1371-1386页

作者： Daisuke Ishihara Syunnosuke Nozaki Tomoya Niho Naoto Takayama Department of Intelligent and Control systems Kyushu Institute of TechnologyFukuokaJapan

The inverse and direct piezoelectric and circuit coupling are widely observed in advanced electro-mechanical systems such as piezoelectric energy harvesters.Existing strongly coupled analysis methods based on direct numerical modeling for this phenomenon can be classified into partitioned or monolithic formulations.Each formulation has its advantages and disadvantages,and the choice depends on the characteristics of each coupled problem.This study proposes a new option:a coupled analysis strategy that combines the best features of the existing formulations,namely,the hybrid partitioned-monolithic method.The analysis of inverse piezoelectricity and the monolithic analysis of direct piezoelectric and circuit interaction are strongly coupled using a partitioned iterative hierarchical algorithm.In a typical benchmark problem of a piezoelectric energy harvester,this research compares the results from the proposed method to those from the conventional strongly coupled partitioned iterative method,discussing the accuracy,stability,and computational cost.The proposed hybrid concept is effective for coupled multi-physics problems,including various coupling conditions.

关键词： Structure-piezoelectric-circuit interaction energy harvesting partitioned method monolithic method hybrid method

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Opto-fluidically multiplexed assembly and micro-robotics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 544-554页

作者： Elena Erben Weida Liao Antonio Minopoli Nicola Maghelli Eric Lauga Moritz Kreysing Max Planck institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Dresden 01307Germany Center for systems Biology Dresden 01307Germany institute of Biological and Chemical systems–Biological Information Processing.Karlsruhe institute of Technology(KIT) Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344Germany Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of CambridgeCambridge CB30WAUK

Techniques for high-definition micromanipulations,such as optical tweezers,hold substantial interest across a wide range of disciplines.However,their applicability remains constrained by material properties and laser exposure.And while microfluidic manipulations have been suggested as an alternative,their inherent capabilities are limited and further hindered by practical challenges of implementation and control.Here we show that the iterative application of laser-induced,localized flow fields can be used for the relative positioning of multiple micro-particles,irrespectively of their material properties.Compared to the standing theoretical proposal,our method keeps particles mobile,and we show that their precision manipulation is non-linearly accelerated via the multiplexing of temperature stimuli below the heat diffusion limit.The resulting flow fields are topologically rich and mathematically predictable.They represent unprecedented microfluidic control capabilities that are illustrated by the actuation of humanoid micro-robots with up to 30 degrees of freedom,whose motions are sufficiently well-defined to reliably communicate personal characteristics such as gender,happiness and nervousness.Our results constitute high-definition micro-fluidic manipulations with transformative potential for assembly,micro-manufacturing,the life sciences,robotics and optohydraulically actuated micro-factories.

关键词： manipulation fluid assembly

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Boosting solar hydrogen production via electrostatic interaction mediated E.coli-TiO_(2−x)biohybrid system

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5390-5398页

作者： Xingxing Lv Weicheng Huang Ya Gao Rui Chen Xiaowei Chen Danqing Liu Ling Weng Liangcan He Shaoqin Liu School of material Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150040China School of Medicine and Health and Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing of Ministry of EducationHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Physics School of ScienceJimei UniversityXiamen 361021China Zhengzhou Research institute Harbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou 450046China

Hydrogen is garnering growing attention as a green energy source with zero carbon emissions.However,most hydrogen production technologies still rely on the consumption of fossil fuels and are therefore unsustainable.This has driven the search for more environmentally friendly methods of hydrogen production.In this work,we present an innovative approach to enhance hydrogen generation via electrostatic interaction in the Escherichia coli and defective titanium dioxide(TiO_(2−x))biohybrids.Our method involves narrowing the forbidden bandwidth of TiO2 while introducing defect bands into its conduction band to facilitate visible light absorption and efficient charge separation.This biohybrid system,consisting of E.coli and TiO_(2−x),demonstrates a remarkable capability to produce 1.25 mmol of hydrogen within a 3-h timeframe under visible light irradiation.This accomplishment signifies a 3.31-fold rise in hydrogen production in comparison to E.coli,signifying a substantial enhancement in hydrogen production efficiency.Furthermore,we delve into the alterations in biological metabolites associated with hydrogen production and the changes in electron transfer in different biohybrid systems.It provides valuable insights into the understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms that drive the process.This work introduces a novel and promising avenue for achieving this exciting goal.

关键词： Escherichia coli TiO_(2−x)nanoparticles biohybrid system hydrogen production

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Mechanically Joined Extrusion Profiles for Battery Trays

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Automotive Innovation 2024年第1期7卷 182-193页

作者： Florian Kneuper Stefan Neumann AndréSchulze Mortaza Otroshi A.Erman Tekkaya Gerson Meschut institute of Forming Technology and Lightweight Components(IUL) TU Dortmund University44227 DortmundGermany Laboratory for material and Joining Technology(LWF) Paderborn UniversityPaderbornGermany

In the context of electromobility,ensuring the leak tightness of assemblies is of paramount importance,particularly in bat-tery housings.Current battery housings,often featuring base assemblies crafted from extruded aluminum profiles,address the challenge of leak tightness at joints through methods like friction stir welding,a process known for its time and cost intensiveness.The aim of this study is to develop and implement a new type of extruded profile concept to produce tight base assemblies for battery housings by a longitudinal mechanical single stroke joining process.The geometry,the process and the properties of the aluminum profiles are investigated to get a joint that meets the tightness requirements and achieve high load-bearing capacities in agreement with the high homologation requirements set to vehicles with high-voltage systems.The joint is formed by means of a single stage press stroke,which eliminates the need for complex tool designs that are neces-sary for continuous joining(roll joining).Flat steel contact surfaces are used as joining tools.To evaluate the joint quality,force curves from the joining process are analyzed and the resulting joint geometries are assessed using micrographs.The resulting leak tightness of the linear joints is measured by a helium sniffer leak detector and the load-bearing capacities are investigated by shear lap and bending tests and fatigue strength test.The study also explores whether a difference in strength between the two joining partners has a positive effect on the joint properties.

关键词： Joining by plastic deformation Aluminum Leak Tightness

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Current observation and analysis based on mooring systems in the Andaman Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 484-491页

作者： Yimeng WANG Jingsong GUO Dapeng QU Zhixin ZHANG Chalermrat SANGMANEE Varintha VASINAMEKHIN Binghuo GUO First institute of Oceanography and Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical ModelingMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical modeling Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical modeling Qingdao 266061China Phuket Marine Biological Center Department of Marine and Coastal ResourcesPhuket 83000Thailand Marine and Coastal Resources Research&Development institute Department of Marine and Coastal ResourcesBangkok 10210Thailand

The basic structure and intraseasonal evolution of currents in the southeastern Andaman Sea was analyzed based on data collected in 2017 from two subsurface moorings(C1 and C5).Periodic variation in the upper ocean currents of the Andaman Sea was investigated by combining observational and satellite data.Mooring observations show that rapid changes of current speed and direction occurred in May and June,with a significant increase in current velocity at the C1 mooring.In the second half of the year,southward flow dominated at the C1 mooring,and alternating northward and southward flows were evident at the C5 mooring during the same period but the northward flow prevailed in boreal winter.In addition,analysis of the power spectra of the upper currents revealed that the tidal period at both moorings is primarily semidiurnal with weaker energy than that of the low-frequency currents.The upper ocean currents at the C1 and C5 moorings exhibited intraseasonal variation of 30-60 d and 120 d,while the zonal current at the C1 mooring exhibited a notable period of approximately 180 d.Further analysis indicated that the variability of currents in the Andaman Sea is influenced primarily by equatorial Kelvin waves and Rossby wave packets.Moreover,our results suggest that equatorial Kelvin waves from the eastern Indian Ocean entered the Andaman Sea in the form of Wyrtki Jets and propagated primarily along two distinct pathways during the observation period.In addition to coastal boundary Kelvin waves,it was found that a branch of the Wyrtki Jet that directly enters the Andaman Sea and flows northward along the slope of the continental shelf,and reflected Rossby wave packets by topography.

关键词： mooring observation Wyrtki Jet Rossby waves intraseasonal variation

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