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Incidence of respiratory infections and SARS-CoV-2 is higher during contact phases in student rugby players–Lessons learnt from COVID-19 risk mitigation strategies–AWARE V

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Sports medicine and Health Science 2024年第3期6卷 252-259页

作者： Carolette Snyders Nicola Sewry Wayne Derman Maaike Eken Esme Jordaan Sonja Swanevelder Martin Schwellnus Sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute(SEMLI)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaSouth Africa Section Sports medicine Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaSouth Africa IOC Research Centre of South Africa South Africa institute of Sport and Exercise medicine Department of ExerciseSport and Lifestyle MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesStellenbosch UniversitySouth Africa Biostatistics Unit South African Medical Research CouncilSouth Africa Statistics and Population Studies Department University of the Western CapeSouth Africa

The incidence of acute respiratory infections(ARinf),including SARS-CoV-2,in unvaccinated student rugby players during phases from complete lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic to returning to competition is *** aim of the study was to determine the incidence of ARinf(including SARS-CoV-2)during noncontact and contact phases during the COVID-19 pandemic to evaluate risk mitigation *** this retrospective cohort study,319 top tier rugby players from 17 universities completed an online *** was reported during 4 phases over 14 months(April 2020–May 2021):phase 1(individual training),phase 2(non-contact team training),phase 3(contact team training)and phase 4(competition).Incidence(per 1000 player days)and Incidence Ratio(IR)for‘All ARinf’,and subgroups(SARS-CoV-2;‘Other ARinf’)are *** factors associated with ARinf were also *** incidence of‘All ARinf’(0.31)was significantly higher for SARS-CoV-2(0.23)vs.‘Other ARinf’(0.08)(plifestyle habits were not associated with ARinf *** student rugby,contact phases are associated with a 3–4 times higher incidence of ARinf/SARS-CoV-2 compared to non-contact *** risk mitigation strategies in the contact sport setting are *** from this study serve as a platform to which future research on incidence of ARinf in athletes within contact team sports,can be compared.

关键词： COVID-19 Athletes Risk Prevention Epidemiology

Ready,set,go:Medical preparations for the Paris 2024 Paralympic Games

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 726-727页

作者： Carolette Snyders Wayne Derman Martin Schwellnus Sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute(SEMLI)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0083South Africa IOC Research Centre of South Africa Pretoria 0083South Africa institute of Sport and Exercise medicine Department of ExerciseSport and Lifestyle MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesStellenbosch UniversityTygerberg 7505South Africa

*** In August 2024,over 4400 Paralympic athletes will gather in Paris for the Paralympic Summer Games—the pinnacle of every Paralympian’s(Para athletes competing at the Paralympic Games)career to showcase their ability and *** training,preparation,and effort in the years leading up to the Games are *** achieve success,Paralympians specifically rely on a medical support team to achieve their ***,what is required of the medical support team to prepare Paralympians to get ready,set,and go to Paris 2024?

关键词： Paris Games athletes

Intricacies during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 62-64页

作者： Richa Rattan Rimesh Pal Parul Chawla Gupta Arvind Kumar Morya Ripunjay Prasad Department of Endocrinology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Ophthalmology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012PunjabIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001India

The study by Cao et al aimed to identify early second-trimester biomarkers that could predict gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)development using advanced proteomic techniques,such as Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry liquid chromatography-mass *** analysis revealed 47 differentially expressed proteins in the GDM group,with retinol-binding protein 4 and angiopoietin-like 8 showing significantly elevated serum levels compared to *** these findings are promising,the study is limited by its small sample size(n=4 per group)and lacks essential details on the reproducibility and reliability of the protein quantification methods ***,the absence of experimental validation weakens the interpretation of the protein-protein interaction network identified through bioinformatics *** study's focus on second-trimester biomarkers raises concerns about whether this is a sufficiently early period to implement preventive interventions for *** GDM risk during the first trimester or pre-conceptional period may offer more clinical *** its limitations,the study presents valuable insights into potential GDM biomarkers,but larger,well-validated studies are needed to establish their predictive utility and generalizability.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Biomarkers Differentially expressed proteins Retinol-binding protein 4 Angiopoietin-like 8 Proteomics lifestyle interventions Early prediction

Challenges of deciphering gastric cancer heterogeneity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第37期21卷 10510-10527页

作者： Petra Hudler institute of Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Ljubljana

Gastric cancer is in decline in most developed countries;however, it still accounts for a notable fraction of global mortality and morbidity related to cancer. Highthroughput methods are rapidly changing our view and understanding of the molecular basis of gastric carcinogenesis. Today, it is widely accepted that the molecular complexity and heterogeneity, both interand intra-tumour, of gastric adenocarcinomas presentsignificant obstacles in elucidating specific biomarkers for early detection of the disease. Although genomewide sequencing and gene expression studies have revealed the intricate nature of the molecular changes that occur in tumour landscapes, the collected data and results are complex and sometimes *** aberrant molecules have already been tested in clinical trials, although their diagnostic and prognostic utilities have not been confirmed thus far. The gold standard for the detection of sporadic gastric cancer is still the gastric endoscopy, which is considered invasive. In addition, genome-wide association studies have confirmed that genetic variations are important contributors to increased cancer risk and could participate in the initiation of malignant *** hypothesis could in part explain the late onset of sporadic gastric cancers. The elaborate interplay of polymorphic low penetrance genes and lifestyle and environmental risk factors requires additional research to decipher their relative impacts on *** purpose of this article is to present details of the molecular heterogeneity of sporadic gastric cancers at the DNA, RNA, and proteome levels and to discuss issues relevant to the translation of basic research data to clinically valuable tools. The focus of this work is the identification of relevant molecular changes that could be detected non-invasively.

关键词： Adenocarcinoma Biological markers Proteomics Molec

High Fructose Corn Syrup and Sucrose Sweetened Milk Improve Dietary Quality during Weight Loss by Displacing Energy Dense, Nutrient Poor Foods

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第11期5卷 1005-1014页

作者： Stephanie Sinnett Joshua Lowndes Von Nguyen Nan Lv James Rippe Rippe lifestyle institute 215 Celebration Place Suite 300 Celebration USA

We examined dietary quality and weight loss among adults who drank flavored milk sweetened with either high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) or sucrose at average population consumption levels of fructose. This was a blinded, prospective randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of 10% or 20% of calories from either HFCS or sucrose sweetened 1% fat, flavored milk as part of a hypocaloric diet. Participants (n = 98) followed this diet and completed three day food records at the beginning and end of the intervention. Results were pooled and compared with 31 non-milk drinking controls. Equivalent and significant weight loss occurred in all intervention groups whose data were pooled. Weight loss was different between the groups (weight loss and sweetened milk: pre: 192 ± 28 versus post: 183 ± 28 pounds;control: pre: 190 ± 22 versus post: 187 ± 22 pounds, interaction p < 0.001). Compliance to milk consumption was over 96%. The increase in percentage of calories from carbohydrates (49 ± 8 versus 55 ± 6, p < 0.001) and protein (17 ± 5 versus 21 ± 3, p < 0.001) was offset by a reduction in percentage of calories from fat (33 ± 7 versus 24 ± 5, p < 0.001). Intakes of dietary calcium (839 ± 377 versus 1530 ± 407 milligrams, p<0.001), vitamin D (4 ± 3 versus 13 ± 3 micrograms, p < 0.001), potassium (2417 ± 766 versus 3183 ± 667 milligrams, p < 0.001) and magnesium (272 ± 83 versus 306 ± 73 milligrams, p = 0.001) increased, while sodium (3216 ± 1161 versus 2253 ± 684 milligrams, p < 0.001) declined. We conclude that HFCS and sucrose consumed at 10% - 20% of calories may improve dietary quality during weight loss by improving compliance with nutrient dense foods such as low fat flavored milk.

关键词： HFCS Sucrose Dietary Quality Milk

Increased number of symptoms during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in athletes is associated with prolonged time to return to full sports performance—AWAREⅧ

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 280-287,I0001页

作者： Carolette Snyders Marlise Dyer Nicola Sewry Esme Jordaan Martin Schwellnus Sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute(SEMLI)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0083South Africa Section Sports medicine Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0083South Africa IOC Research Centre of South Africa Pretoria 0083South Africa Biostatistics Unit South African Medical Research CouncilTygerberg 7505South Africa Statistics and Population Studies Department University of the Western CapeCape Town 7535South Africa

Purpose The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with prolonged time to return to full performance(RTFP)in athletes with recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** Prospective cohort study with cross sectional analysis.A total of 84 athletes with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection assessed at a coronavirus disease 2019 recovery clinic gave a history of age,sex,type/level of sport,co-morbidities,pre-infection training hours,and 26 acute SARS-CoV-2 symptoms from 3 categories(“nose and throat”,“chest and neck”,and“whole body”/systemic).Data on days to RTFP were obtained by structured *** associated with RTFP were demographics,sport participation,history of co-morbidities,pre-infection training history,and acute symptoms(type,number).Outcomes were:(a)days to RTFP(median,interquartile range(IQR))in asymptomatic(n=7)and symptomatic athletes(n=77),and(b)hazard ratios(HRs;95%confidence interval)for symptomatic athletes with *** a factor(univariate,multiple models).HR0.05).Factors associated with prolonged RTFP(univariate models)were:females(HR=0.57;p=0.014),endurance athletes(HR=0.41;p<0.0001),co-morbidity number(HR=0.75;p=0.001),and respiratory disease history(HR=0.54;p=0.026).In symptomatic athletes,prolonged RTFP(multiple models)was significantly associated with increased“chest and neck”(HR=0.85;p=0.017)and“nose and throat”(HR=0.84;p=0.013)symptoms,but the association was more profound between prolonged RFTP and increased total number of“all symptoms”(HR=0.91;p=0.001)and“whole body”/systemic(HR=0.82;p=0.007)*** A larger number of total symptoms and specifically“whole body”/systemic symptoms during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in athletes is associated with prolonged RTFP.

关键词： Athletes COVID-19 Performance Recovery Return to play

No Dose Response Relationship in the Effects of Commonly Consumed Sugars on Risk Factors for Diabetes across a Range of Typical Human Consumption Levels

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 101-111页

作者： Joshua Lowndes Diana Kawiecki Zhiping Yu James M. Rippe Rippe lifestyle institute Celebration USA Department of Nutrition and Dietetics University of North Florida Jacksonville USA Rippe lifestyle institute Shrewsbury USA Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Central Florida Orlando USA

Questions have been raised as to whether dietary carbohydrate intake is directly related to the development of type 2 diabetes. Of particular importance, fructose-induced insulin resistance has been previously shown in animals. However, the implications of such findings for humans are unclear as these models typically use very high doses of sugars and from sources not commonly consumed. Little is known about how the typical consumption of sugar in humans affects risk factors for diabetes. 355 weight-stable (weight change 0.05) nor by sugar type (p > 0.05). In the entire cohort insulin sensitivity decreased as evidenced by an increase in HOMA IR (1.8 ± 1.3 vs 2.3 ± 3.4, p 0.05). Neither sugar level nor sugar type had any effect on any of these three measures (interaction p > 0.05). These data show that risk factors for diabetes do not var

关键词： High Fructose Corn Syrup Sucrose Diabetes

Tick-borne pathogens in Iran:A meta-analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2021年第11期14卷 486-504页

作者： Mehdi Khoobdel Amir Sajad Jafari Zakkyeh Telmadarraiy Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat Hasan Bakhshi Health Research Center LifeStyle InstituteBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Veterinary medicine Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of ZabolZabolIran Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Rahyan Novin Danesh(RND)University SariMazandaranIran Vector-borne Diseases Research Center North Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran

Objective:Different studies have been performed on the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in different areas of Iran;however,as far as our knowledge,there is no regional meta-analysis available for consideration and estimation of tick species infected with different pathogens in ***:In this review,among different databases,a total of 95 publications were included,and the infection of different tick species to different tick-borne pathogens was determined;furthermore,presence of pathogens(with 95%confidence intervals)in tick vectors was calculated separately for each province,using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2(Biostat,USA).Results:Totally,among all 95 studies,5673 out of 33521 investigated ticks were positive according to different detection *** estimated presence of pathogens in tick vectors in Iran was 8.6%(95%CI 7.0%-10.6%,P<0.001).Of all 46 species of ticks in 10 genera in Iran,28 species in 9 genera,including Alveonasus,Argas,Boophilus,Dermacentor,Haemaphysalis,Hyalomma,Ixodes,Ornithodoros,and Rhipicephalus were infected with at least 20 pathogens in 10 genera including Aegyptianella,Anaplasma,Babesia,Borrelia,Brucella,Orthonairovirus[CrimeanCongo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV)],Coxiella,Ehrlichia,Rickettsia and Theileria in 26 provinces of *** presence of pathogens in ticks collected in western Iran was more than other *** anatolicum(20.35%),Rhipicephalus sanguineus(15.00%),and Rhipicephalus bursa(14.08%)were the most prevalent infected ticks for different *** addition,most literatures were related to CCHFV and Theileria/Babesia ***:Public health and veterinary professionals should be aware of diagnosing possible diseases or outbreaks in vertebrates.

关键词： Ticks Tick-borne diseases Vector-borne diseases Iran

Comprehensive lifestyle intervention vs soy protein-based meal regimen in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第9期25卷 1116-1131页

作者： Peter Deibert Adhara Lazaro Denise Schaffner Aloys Berg Daniel Koenig Wolfgang Kreisel Manfred W Baumstark Daniel Steinmann Martin Buechert Thomas Lange Faculty of medicine Department of MedicineInstitute of Exercise and Occupational MedicineMedical CenterUniversity of Freiburg Department of Nutrition Institute for Sports and Sports ScienceUniversity of Freiburg Faculty of medicine Department of MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyHepatologyEndocrinology and Infectious DiseasesMedical CenterUniversity of Freiburg University Hospital of Freiburg Occupational Medicine Faculty of medicine Department of Radiology-Medical PhysicsMedical CenterUniversity of Freiburg

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) has become one of the leading causes of liver disease in the western world. In obese patients weight reduction is recommended. Up to now there are no specific guidelines for weight loss in order to reduce hepatic fat *** To investigate the effects of a 24-wk guided lifestyle intervention program compared to a meal replacement regimen based on soy *** Twenty-six subjects with NASH participated in a randomized single-center study. They were randomly assigned to either meal replacement group(MR-G)with soy-yogurt-honey preparation or to guided lifestyle change group(LC-G)with endurance activity and nutrition counselling. Serum alanine transaminase(ALT), aspartate transaminase(AST), lipid parameters, and adipokines were measured. Liver fat content and lipid composition were determined by magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Body fat mass and lean body mass were assessed using Bod Pod? device. Pre-and post-intervention monitoring of parameters was performed. Statistical analyses were conducted with SPSS software, results were expressed as median(interquartile range).RESULTS Twenty-two subjects(MR-G, n = 11 and LC-G, n = 11) completed the study(9 women, 13 men; age 52.1(15.0) years, body mass index(BMI) 32.3(3.3) kg/m^2).In both groups a significant weight loss was achieved(MR-G:-6.4(3.6) kg, P lifestyle intervention and meal replacement regimen have compar

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Meal replacement therapy Soy protein lifestyle change Weight reduction Obesity