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Forensic Sciences Research 2019年第3期4卷 257-266页

作者： Benito Morentin M.Paz Suárez-Mier Ana Monzó Pilar Molina Joaquín S.Lucena Section of Forensic Pathology Basque Institute of Legal MedicineBilbaoSpain Histopathology Service Department of MadridNational Institute of Toxicology and Forensic SciencesSpain Forensic Pathology Service Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic SciencesValenciaSpain Forensic Pathology Service Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic SciencesSevilleSpain

This is a multicentre forensic study that identifies all sports-related sudden deaths (SRSDs) in young people,due to myocardial diseases (MDs) that occurred in a large area of *** aim of the study is to assess the epidemiology,causes of death,and sport activities associated with these *** is a retrospective study based on forensic autopsies performed in the provinces of Biscay,Seville,Valencia and in the jurisdiction covered by the National institute of toxicology and Forensic Sciences in Madrid (Spain).The retrospective study encompasses from 2010 to *** sudden cardiac deaths (SCDs) in persons 1-35years old were *** total number of SCDs were divided into death occurred during exercise (SRSD) and death during rest,sleep or normal activities (non-SRSD).Each of these two groups was subdivided according to the cause of death into MD (primary cardiomyopathies and myocarditis) and ***-pathological,toxicological and genetic characteristics of SRSD due to MD were *** the 8-year study period,we identified 645 cases of SCD in the young: 75 SRSD (11.6%) and 570 non-SRSD (88.4%).MD was diagnosed in 33 (44.0%) of the SRSD and in 112 (19.6%) of the non-SRSD *** cases of SRSD due to MD were males (mean age (24.0±7.6) years) practicing recreational sports (85%).SRSDs were more frequent in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) (37%) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (24%),followed by myocarditis (15%) and idiopathic left ventricular hypertrophy (ILVH) (9%).Only in five cases of SRSD the MD responsible of death (HCM) had been diagnosed in *** symptoms related to the disease were present in other seven patients (six of them with ACM).Postmortem genetic studies were performed in 15/28 (54%) primary cardiomyopathies with positive results in 12 (80%) *** most frequent sports disciplines were football (49%) followed by gymnastics (15%) and running (12%).In Spain,SRSD in young people due to MDs occurs in mal

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic pathology sudden cardiac death sports myocardial diseases autopsy young

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Histological examination of carotid artery tissue in cases of ligature strangulation and hanging

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第2期7卷 247-254页

作者： Julia Ulbricht Burkhard Madea Elke Doberentz institute of legal medicine University Hospital BonnBonnGermany

Violence against the neck can result in a range of macromorphological and micromorphological ***,the forensic relevance of the carotid sinus in cases of violence against the neck remains *** this follow-up study of 22 cases of suicidal and accidental strangulations,carotid bifurcations were examined histologically for morphological changes implying direct trauma,including haemorrhage and immunohistochemical expression of heat-shock proteins 27,60,and 70 and *** cases were compared with a control group(82 cases)without neck compression or head trauma and with variable causes of *** relevant histopathological findings implying direct trauma of the carotid bifurcation were *** cases showed positive aquaporin-3 staining and only five cases showed positive heat-shock protein-27 staining,all of which were *** massive trauma of the carotid bifurcation,histological alterations cannot be *** signs of rapid death,findings of acute circulatory failure,macromorphological and micromorphological findings of neck compression,and reliable markers indicating relevant impact on the carotid bifurcation the diagnosis of a lethal reflex cannot be verified.

关键词： Forensic sciences carotid bifurcation carotid body carotid sinus haemorrhage hanging ligature strangulation aquaporin-3(AQP-3) heat-shock protein(Hsp)

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Neuroendocrine differentiation:The mysterious fellow of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第41期21卷 11740-11747页

作者： Britta Kleist Micaela Poetsch Department of Pathology Southern Hospital Trust institute of legal medicine University Hospital Essen

Neuroendocrine differentiation in sporadic colorectal cancer has been recognized since decades, but its clinical impact is still controversially discussed. Detailed parameter analyses hint at the possibility that probablynot neuroendocrine differentiation itself, but its association with poor grade of tumor differentiation, lymph node metastases, distant metastases and other unfavorable features contribute to worse clinical outcome. However, other studies deny a relationship between neuroendocrine differentiation and prognosis of colorectal cancer. This review elucidates, whether new insights into the origin of neuroendocrine differentiation in the intestinal epithelium, its regulation by m TOR pathway components and its possible link to the intestinal stem cell compartment could determine a role of neuroendocrine cells as prognostic marker and putative therapeutic target in sporadic colorectal cancer.

关键词： Neuroendocrine differentiation Colorectal cancer m

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Fatal meningococcal meningitis in a 2-year-old child:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第5期7卷 636-641页

作者： Aleksander Mularski Czesław Żaba Department of legal and Forensic medicine Poznan University of Medical Sciences institute of Forensic Research

BACKGROUND In fatal cases of meningococcal septicemia, bacteriological diagnosis may not be straightforward due to postmortem replication and relocation of endogenic microflora. In medicolegal practice, aside from routine autopsy and histopathology, also other diagnostic methods, such as microbiological tests,immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction(PCR), are used to examine body fluids and *** SUMMARY We present the case of sudden death in a 2-year-old child. The patient died approximately 30 min after hospital admission before any routine diagnostic procedures were undertaken. Presence of whole-body rash and fulminant course of the disease raised suspicion of meningococcal septicemia. An autopsy was performed seven days after death when the body showed the signs of late postmortem decomposition. No etiological factor of septicemia could be identified based on macro-and microscopic findings. However, PCR demonstrated the presence of genetic material of group W Neisseria meningitidis in patient's cerebrospinal fluid and *** Microbiological PCR should be conducted postmortem whenever a specific etiological factor could not be identified with conventional methods.

关键词： Meningococcal infection Molecular microbiology Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome Neisseria meningitidis Autopsy Cerebrospinal fluid Case report

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An Unusual Case of Functional Neurological Disorders and Psychogenic Coma following Physical Assault:Clinical and Medico-legal Considerations

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Journal of Forensic Science and medicine 2021年第1期7卷 36-38页

作者： Fiorella Caputo Rosario Barranco Pietrantonio Ricci Santo Gratteri Francesca Maria Elena Frigiolini Gabriele Rocca Francesco Ventura Department of legal and Forensic medicine University of GenovaGenovaItaly Department of legal and Forensic medicine Institute of Legal MedicineMagna Grsecia University of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly

Functional neurological disorders can have different clinical manifestations,including coma,in the setting of an unknown *** this article,we present a case of a young man affected by intellectual disabilities who,after a physical assault reported serious neurological alterations and a functional *** case shows how a stressful psychophysical event can bring acute and variable neurological manifestations of functional significance to a victim with previous intellectual *** the growing interest in this field,research is still very limited and studies in this field could better explain the nature of the psychogenic *** a medico-legal point of view,problems of evaluation may emerge for these disorders emerge as a result of acute psycho-physical stress and without any detectable structural alterations.

关键词： Functional coma functional neurological disorder psychogenic disorders stressful events

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Modern post-mortem imaging:an update on recent developments

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Forensic Sciences Research 2017年第2期2卷 52-64页

作者： Silke Grabherr Coraline Egger Raquel Vilarino Lorenzo Campana Melissa Jotterand Fabrice Dedouit University Centre of legal medicine Lausanne-Geneva LausanneSwitzerland Service of legal medicine Central Institute of HospitalsSionSwitzerland

Modern post-mortem investigations use an increasing number of digital imaging methods,which can be collected under the term“post-mortem imaging”.Most methods of forensic imaging are from the radiology field and are therefore techniques that show the interior of the body with technologies such as X-ray or magnetic resonance *** digitally image the surface of the body,other techniques are regularly applied,***-dimensional(3D)surface scanning(3DSS)or ***’s most frequently used techniques include post-mortem computed tomography(PMCT),post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging(PMMR),post-mortem computed tomographic angiography(PMCTA)and 3DSS or *** of these methods has specific advantages and ***,the indications for using each method are *** PMCT gives a rapid overview of the interior of the body and depicts the skeletal system and radiopaque foreign bodies,PMMR allows investigation of soft tissues and parenchymal *** is the method of choice for viewing the vascular system and detecting sources of ***,none of those radiological methods allow a detailed digital view of the body’s surface,which makes 3DSS the best choice for such a *** 3D surface scanners are not available,photogrammetry is an *** review article gives an overview of different imaging techniques and explains their applications,advantages and *** hope it will improve understanding of the methods.

关键词： Forensic science forensic imaging post-mortem radiology post-mortem computed tomography post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging 3D scanning post-mortem angiography photogrammetry

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Determination of Methadone and Eight New Psychoactive Substances in Hair Samples by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

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Journal of Forensic Science and medicine 2018年第4期4卷 184-191页

作者： Luca Anzillotti Luca Cald Marianna Giacalone Antonio Banchini Rossana Cecchi Department of medicine and Surgery Institute of Legal MedicineUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly

Many new psychoactive substances(NPSs)with different chemical structures have emerged in the illicit drug market in the last *** present work was aimed at the development of a simple method in gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(MS)for the determination of NPS of different classes,the use of cannabinoids,and,at the same time,the evaluation of methadone therapy in hair matrix,within our routine analysis control for methadone treatment or from autopsy *** determination of synthetic cannabinoids and methadone therapy used an extraction method based on incubation in concentrated sodium hydroxide(NaOH)solution,providing a dissolution of the keratin *** described method was applied on 15 authentic specimens from our cases:five showed the presence of methadone and 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine(EDDP).The described method can be useful not only in the forensic investigation of NPS-related addiction histories but also in epidemiological and retrospective studies on the spread of NPS among specific safety-sensitive social *** GC instrument was an Agilent 7820A(Agilent Technologies,Santa Clara,CA,USA),and the detection system was an Agilent 5977B single quadrupole MS operating in selective ion monitoring *** parameters such as limit of detections(LODs),limit of quantifications(LOQs),repeatability,accuracy,and linearity were satisfactory for its application on real ***,LOQs,2?2,%CY standard deviation,and the mean concentration for the analyzed compounds are reported in Table *** and repeatability were acceptable for all the analytes at their respective *** experiments varied from 58.3%to 103.0%,thus allowing the application on authentic *** described method can be useful not only in the forensic investigation ofNPS-related addiction histories but also in epidemiological and retrospective studies on the spread of NPS among specific safety-sensitive social workers,such as drivers.

关键词： Drugs of abuse forensic gas chromatography/mass spectrometry hair new psychoactive substance toxicology

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Postmortem Nasopharyngeal Swabs Performed during the COVID-19 Infection:Analysis of Preliminary Clinical Records by the Genoa institute of legal medicine(North-West Italy)

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Journal of Forensic Science and medicine 2022年第1期8卷 24-31页

作者： Martina Drommi Rosario Barranco Arianna Bal bo Stefano Errico Francesca Maria Elena Frigiolini Manuela Mangioni Giulia Molinari Alessandra Zappi Patrizia Caligiuri Francesco De Stefano Francesco Ventura Department of Forensic and legal medicine University of GenovaGenovaItaly Department of Health Sciences University of GenovaGenoaItaly Department of Hygiene San Martino Polyclinic HospitalGenovaItaly

COVID-19,the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus,is highly *** persistence of the virus after infected individuals die remains *** article reports the findings taken from postmortem nasopharyngeal swabs performed to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the corpses transferred to the Genoa District Mortuary from the outset of the Italian lockdown(March 9)to the end of the first emergency phase(July 13).One hundred and eighty swabs were carried out:13 corpses resulted positive for the virus,with the diagnosis being reached only after *** were male and 6 female with an average age of 73.5 years *** most frequent comorbidities recorded were arterial hypertension,diabetes,Alzheimer 5s,and pulmonary *** two cases,the swab tested positive at a distance of 125 h and 165 h from actual *** nasopharyngeal swab results a useful way to screen corpses for COVID-19 and to handle bodies in legal medicine Centers where safe autoptic rooms are not *** are also a means of safeguarding forensic pathologists,identifying the presence of breeding grounds in the community and providing information for the Public Prosecutor's Office in legal *** are able to produce reliable results up to at least 7 days following death,provided that the corpse is correctly preserved.

关键词： Autopsy forensic pathology legal medicine managing of the corpses naso-pharyngeal swab SARS-CoV-2

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Sudden cardiac death and valvular pathology

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Forensic Sciences Research 2019年第3期4卷 280-286页

作者： Rosa H.A.M.Henriques de Gouveia Francisco M.A.Corte Real Goncalves Forensic Clinical and Pathology Service Central Branch of the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic SciencesCoimbraPortugal

Sudden death due to valvular heart disease is reported to range from 1% to 5% in native valves and around 0.2%-0.9%/year in *** nature of the diseases is varied,from heritable,congenital to *** may affect both genders in multiple age *** authors show and comment examples of the major nosologic aetiologies underlying unexpected exitus letalis of valvular nature.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic pathology sudden death cardiac valvular pathology

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Next generation sequencing of Y-STRs in father-son pairs and comparison with traditional capillary electrophoresis

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 484-489页

作者： Steffi Bredemeyer Lutz Roewer Sascha Willuweit Department of Forensic Genetics Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic SciencesCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany

To evaluate the promising advantages of massively parallel sequencing(MPS)in our casework,we analysed a total of 33 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats(Y-STRs)with traditional capillary electrophoresis(CE)and 25 Y-STRs using the newer MPS *** studied the outcome of both technologies in 64 father-son pairs using stock and custom-designed *** MPS technology confirmed the 13 mutational events observed with CE and improved our understanding of the complex nature of STR *** detecting isometric sequence variants between unrelated males,we show that sequencing Y-STRs using MPS can boost discrimination power.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic genetics Y-STRs rapidly mutating Y-STRs sequence polymorphism isometric sequence variants massively parallel sequencing

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