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Alpine grassland degradation intensifies the burrowing behavior of small mammals:evidence for a negative feedback loop

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 240-252页

作者： Zaiwei WANG Jiawen YAN Amy MARTIN Dianne HBRUNTON Jiapeng QU Jin-Sheng HE Weihong JI Zhibiao NAN State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research LincolnNew Zealand School of Natural Sciences Massey University(Albany Campus)AucklandNew Zealand Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina Qinghai Haibei National Field Research Station of Alpine Grassland Ecosystem Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Globally,grassland degradation is an acute ecological *** alpine grassland on the Tibetan plateau,increased densities of various small mammals in degraded grassland are assumed to intensify the degradation process and these mammals are subject to lethal ***,whether the negative impact of small mammals is solely a result of population size or also a result of activity and behavior has not been *** this study,we use plateau pika as a model to compare population size,core area of colony,and the number of burrow entrances and latrines between lightly and severely degraded *** test whether the alleged contribution of pika to grassland degradation is a result of increased population size or increased burrowing activities of individuals in response to lower food *** found that grassland degradation resulted in lower plant species richness,plant height,and ***,the overall population size of pika was not significantly affected by location in lightly and severely degraded ***,pika core areas in severely grassland degradation were significantly larger and had significantly higher densities of burrows and *** study provides convincing evidence that habitat-induced changes in the behavior of small,burrowing mammals,such as pika,can exacerbate grassland *** finding has significant implications for managing small mammals and restoring degraded grassland ecosystems.

关键词： burrowing behavior grassland degradation plateau pika population size small mammals

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Correlation of personality with individual reproductive success in shrub-nesting birds depends on their life history style

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 42-49页

作者： Jianchuan Li Wen Zhang Ningning Sun Yujie Wang Lifang Gao Ran Feng Liqing Fan Bo Du Tibet Museum of Natural Science Lhasa850011China School of Life Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China institute of plateau Ecology Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry UniversityLinzhi860000China

Two questions in the research of animal personality—whether there is a correlation between a personality trait and individual reproductive success,and what is the genetic basis underlying a personality trait—remain *** addressed these two questions in three shrub-nesting birds,the Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus,AM),White-collared Blackbird(Turdus albocinctus,WB),and Brown-cheeked Laughingthrush(Trochalopteron henrici,BL).The personality type of an individual was first identified according to its response to a territorial ***,we compared the fleeing distance,breeding parameters,and differential expressed genes(DEGs) in the brain transcriptome between bold and shy *** the three species,bold breeders exhibited more aggressiveness towards an intruder of their territory than did shy *** reproductive success of bold breeders was significantly higher than that of shy breeders in AM but not in WB and *** three species shared one DEG,crabp1,which was up-regulated in bold relative to in shy *** regulating the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone,higher crabp1 gene expression can decrease cellular response to retinoic ***,bold individuals are insensitive to external stresses and able to exhibit more aggressiveness to intruders than their shier *** is beneficial to bold individuals in AM but not in WB and BL because the former could evoke neighbors to make the same response of defending against intruders but the latter could *** a personality trait may have the same genetic basis across species,its correlation with reproductive success depends largely on the life history style of a species.

关键词： Boldness Life history style Personality Reproductive success Transcriptome analysis

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Rising utilization of stable isotopes in tree rings for climate change and forest ecology

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 103-116页

作者： Ru Huang Chenxi Xu Jussi Grießinger Xiaoyu Feng Haifeng Zhu Achim Bräuning National institute of Natural Hazards Beijing 100085People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044People’s Republic of China institute of Geography Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg91058 ErlangenGermany State Key Laboratory of Tibetan plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China

Analyses of stable isotopes(C,O,H)in tree rings are increasingly important cross-disciplinary *** rapid development in this field documented in an increasing number of publications requires a comprehensive *** study includes a bibliometric analysis-based review to better understand research trends in tree ring stable isotope ***,1475 publications were selected from the Web of Science Core Collection for *** findings are that:(1)numbers of annual publications and citations increased since *** 1974 to 1980,there were around two relevant publications per ***,from 2020 to 2022,this rose sharply to 109 publications per ***,average article citations were less than four per year before 1990,but were around four per article per year after 2000;(2)the major subjects using tree ring stable isotopes include forestry,geosciences,and environmental sciences,contributing to 42.5%of the total during 1974-2023;(3)the top three most productive institutions are the Chinese Academy of Sciences(423),the Swiss Federal institute for Forest,Snow and Landscape Research(227),and the University of Arizona(204).These achievements result from strong collaborations;(4)review papers,for example,(Dawson et al.,Annu Rev Ecol Syst 33:507-559,2002)and(McCarroll and Loader,Quat Sci Rev 23:771-801,2004),are among the most cited,with more than 1000 citations;(5)tree ring stable isotope studies mainly focus on climatology and ecology,with atmospheric CO_(2) one of the most popular *** 2010,precipitation and drought have received increasing *** on this analysis,the research stages,key findings,debated issues,limitations and direc-tions for future research are *** study serves as an important attempt to understand the progress on the use of stable isotopes in tree rings,providing scientific guid-ance for young researchers in this field.

关键词： Tree rings Stable isotopes Web of Science Bibliometric

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Four decades of full-scale nitrous oxide emission inventory in China

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 137-149页

作者： Minqi Liang Zheyan Zhou Peiyang Ren Han Xiao Xu-Ri Zhongmin Hu Shilong Piao Hanqin Tian Qing Tong Feng Zhou Jing Wei Wenping Yuan School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Data Center of Terrestrial and Marine Ecosystems Carbon Cycle Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Tibetan plateau Earth System Resources and Environment Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province Hainan University Sino-French institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking University Schiller institute for Integrated Science and Society Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston College institute of Energy Environment and Economy Tsinghua University Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)

China is among the top nitrous oxide（N2O）-emitting countries, but existing national inventories do not provide full-scale emissions including both natural and anthropogenic sources. We conducted a four-decade（1980–2020） of comprehensive quantification of Chinese N2O inventory using empirical emission factor method for anthropogenic sources and two up-to-date process-based models for natural sources. Total N2O emissions peaked at 2287.4（1774.8–2799.9） Gg N2O yr-1in 2018, and agriculture-developed regions, like the East, Northeast, and Central, were the top N2O-emitting regions. Agricultural N2O emissions have started to decrease after 2016 due to the decline of nitrogen fertilization applications, while, industrial and energetic sources have been dramatically increasing after 2005. N2O emissions from agriculture, industry,energy, and waste represented 49.3%, 26.4%, 17.5%, and 6.7% of the anthropogenic emissions in 2020,respectively, which revealed that it is imperative to prioritize N2O emission mitigation in agriculture,industry, and energy. Natural N2O sources, dominated by forests, have been steadily growing from 317.3（290.3–344.1） Gg N2O yr-1in 1980 to 376.2（335.5–407.2） Gg N2O yr-1in 2020. Our study produces a Full-scale Annual N2O dataset in China（FAN2020）, providing emergent counting to refine the current national N2O inventories.

关键词： nitrous oxide four decades anthropogenic sources natural sources

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The 2023 Turkey earthquake doublet: Earthquake relocation, seismic tomography, and stress field inversion

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第3期8卷 535-548页

作者： HuiLi Zhan Ling Bai Bagus Adi Wibowo ChaoYa Liu Kazuo Oike Yuzo Ishikawa State Key Laboratory of Tibetan plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center of Earthquake and Tsunami Agency of MeteorologyClimatology and GeophysicsJakarta 10610Indonesia University of Shizuoka Shizuoka 422-8526Japan Shizuoka University Shizuoka 422-8529Japan

On February 6,2023,two earthquakes with magnitudes of M_(W) 7.8 and M_(W) 7.5 struck southeastern Turkey,causing significant casualties and economic *** seismic events occurred along the East Anatolian Fault Zone,a convergent boundary between the Arabian Plate and the Anatolian *** this study,we analyze the M_(W) 7.8 and M_(W) 7.5 earthquakes by comparing their aftershock relocations,tomographic images,and stress field *** earthquakes were localized in the upper crust and exhibited steep dip ***,the aftershocks occurred either close to the boundaries of low and high P-wave velocity anomaly zones or within the low P-wave velocity anomaly *** East Anatolia Fault,associated with the M_(W) 7.8 earthquake,and the SürgüFault,related to the M_(W) 7.5 earthquake,predominantly experienced shear ***,their western sections experienced a combination of strike-slip and tensile stresses in addition to shear *** ruptures of the M_(W) 7.8 and M_(W) 7.5 earthquakes appear to have bridged a seismic gap that had seen sparse seismicity over the past 200 years prior to the 2023 Turkey earthquake sequence.

关键词： Turkey earthquake doublet earthquake relocation seismic tomography stress field seismicity

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The 2024 M_(j) 7.6 Noto Peninsula, Japan earthquake caused by the fluid flow in the crust

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Earthquake Research Advances 2024年第3期4卷 1-6页

作者： Yuzo Ishikawa Ling Bai Center for Integrated Research and Education of Natural Hazards Shizuoka UniversityShizuoka422-8529Japan State Key Laboratory of Tibetan plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

On January 1, 2024 at 16:10:09 JST, an M_(j) 7.6 earthquake struck the Noto Peninsula in the southern part of the Sea of Japan. This location has been experiencing an earthquake swarm for more than three years. Here, we provide an overview of this earthquake, focusing on the slip distribution of the mainshock and its relationship with the preceding swarm. We also reexamined the source areas of other large earthquakes that occurred around the Sea of Japan in the past and compared them with the Matsushiro earthquake swarm in central Japan from1964 to 1968. The difference between the Matsushiro earthquake swarm and the Noto earthquake swarm is the surrounding stress field. The Matsushiro earthquake swarm was a strike-slip stress field, so the cracks in the crust were oriented vertically. This allowed fluids seeped from the depths to rise and flow out to the surface. On the other hand, the Noto area was a reverse fault stress field. Therefore, the cracks in the earth's crust were oriented horizontally. Fluids flowing underground in deep areas could not rise and spread over a wide area in the horizontal plane. This may have caused a large amount of fluid to accumulate underground, triggering a large earthquake. Although our proposed mechanism does not take into account other complex geological conditions into consideration, it may provide a simple way to explain why the Noto swarm is followed by a large earthquake while other swarms are not.

关键词： The M 7.6 Noto Peninsular earthquake Earthquake swarm Fluid triggering Strike-slip fault Reverse fault

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Enhanced activation of peroxymonosulfate on layered molybdenum disulfide loaded with Co-La bimetallic oxide for efficient degradation of chloramphenicol

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4628-4635页

作者： Yu-Ning Fan Yun-Qiu Zhang San-Shuang Gao Zeng-Hui Bi Yin Wang Shu-Xing Zhou Qian Liu Tian-Ping Lv Guang-Zhi Hu institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650504China Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441053China institute for Advanced Study Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

The use of transition metal-activated peroxymonosulfate(PMS)as an advanced oxidation technology has gained *** study developed a catalyst using cobaltDlanthanum bimetallic oxide supported on layered molybdenum disulfide(Mo S_(2))as a *** CoDLa/Mo S_(2)catalyst was synthesised through coprecipitation,followed by calcination with an optimised metal ratio of Co:La=2:1 to activate PMS and degrade trace chloramphenicol(CAP)in *** chemical composition of the catalyst was confirmed using X-ray diffraction(XRD)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).At catalyst and PMS dosages of 0.1 and 0.5 g·L^(-1),respectively,the degradation rate of CAP was 95%with in 30 *** catalyst exhibitedstrong resistance to most interfering anions and maintained a high degradation rate at p H *** chromatographyDmass spectrometry analysis revealed the potential degradation pathways of CAP in the CoDLa/Mo S_(2)(2:1)/PMS *** other pollutants,such as oxytetracycline,complete degradation was achieved within 20 min,demonstrating the broad applicability of the CoDLa/Mo S_(2)(2:1)/PMS system for the degradation and removal of antibiotic organic contaminants.

关键词： catalyst molybdenum disulfide

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Pangenome and multi-tissue gene atlas provide new insights into the domestication and highland adaptation of yaks

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 1832-1850页

作者： Daoliang Lan Wei Fu Wenhui Ji Tserang‑Donko Mipam Xianrong Xiong Shi Ying Yan Xiong Peng Sheng Jiangping Ni Lijun Bai Tongling Shan Xiangdong Kong Jian Li Ministry of Education of Key Laboratory of Qinghai‑Tibetan plateau Animal Genetic Resource and Utilization Southwest Minzu UniversityChengduChina College of Animal&Veterinary Sciences Southwest Minzu UniversityChengduChina institute of Qinghai‑Tibetan plateau Southwest Minzu UniversityChengduChina Jiguang Gene Biotechnology Co. Ltd.NanjingChina Chengdu Genepre Technology Co. Ltd.ChengduChina Shanghai Veterinary Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghaiChina

Background The genetic diversity of yak,a key domestic animal on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau(QTP),is a vital resource for domestication and breeding *** study presents the first yak pangenome obtained through the de novo assembly of 16 yak *** We discovered 290 Mb of nonreference sequences and 504 new *** pangenome-wide presence and absence variation(PAV)analysis revealed 5,120 PAV-related genes,highlighting a wide range of variety-specific genes and genes with varying frequencies across yak *** component analysis(PCA)based on binary gene PAV data classified yaks into three new groups:wild,domestic,and ***,we pro-posed a‘two-haplotype genomic hybridization model'for understanding the hybridization patterns among breeds by integrating gene frequency,heterozygosity,and gene PAV data.A gene PAV-GWAS identified a novel gene(Bos-Gru3G009179)that may be associated with the multirib trait in Jinchuan ***,an integrated transcrip-tome and pangenome analysis highlighted the significant differences in the expression of core genes and the muta-tional burden of differentially expressed genes between yaks from high and low *** analysis across multiple species revealed that yaks have the most unique differentially expressed m RNAs and lnc RNAs(between high-and low-altitude regions),especially in the heart and lungs,when comparing high-and low-altitude *** The yak pangenome offers a comprehensive resource and new insights for functional genomic studies,supporting future biological research and breeding strategies.

关键词： High-and low-altitude Novel genes Pangenome PAV-GWAS Yak

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The interannual periodicity of precipitation and its links to the large-scale circulations over the Third Pole

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第8期34卷 1457-1471页

作者： LIANG Liqiao LIU Qiang LI Jiuyi State Key Laboratory of Tibetan plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchCASBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of EducationSchool of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China

To understand the spatio-temporal variability of precipitation(P)in the Third Pole region(centered on the Tibetan plateau-TP),it is necessary to quantify the interannual periodicity of P and its relationship with large-scale *** this study,Morlet wavelet transform was used to detect significant(p<0.05)periodic characteristics in P data from meteorological stations in four climate domains in the Third Pole,and to reveal the major large-scale circulations that triggered the variability of periodic P,in addition to bringing large amounts of water *** wavelet transform results were as follows.(1)Significant quasiperiodicity varied from 2 to 11 *** high-frequency variability mode(2 to 6 years quasi-periods)was universal,and the low-frequency variability mode(7 to 11 years quasi-periods)was rare,occurring mainly in the westerlies and Indian monsoon domains.(2)The majority of periods were base periods(53%),followed by two-base *** all stations in the Third Pole(95%)showed one or two periods.(3)Periodicity was widely detected in the majority of years(84%).(4)The power spectra of P in the four domains were dominated by statistically significant high-frequency oscillations(ie.,with short periodicity).(5)Large-scale circulations directly and indirectly influenced the periodic P variability in the different *** mode of P variability in the different domains was influenced by interactions between large-scale circulation features and not only by the dominant circulation and its control of water vapour *** results of this study will contribute to better understanding of the causal mechanisms associated with P variability,which is important for hydrological science and waterresourcemanagement.

关键词： precipitation interannual periodicity Morlet wavelet large-scale circulations Third Pole

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Research progress on the water vapor channel within the Yarlung Zsangbo Grand Canyon, China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第5期17卷 10-15页

作者： Xuelong Chen Yajing Liu Yaoming Ma Xiangde Xu Xin Xu Luhan Li Dianbin Cao Qiang Zhang Gaili Wang Maoshan Li Siqiong Luo Xin Wang Land–Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemEnvironment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Disastrous Weather China Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijingChina The Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina College of Atmospheric Sciences Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu University of Information TechnologyChengduChina

The Second Tibetan plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program tasked a research team with the“Investigation of the water vapor channel of the Yarlung Zsangbo Grand Canyon(INVC)”in the southeastern Tibetan plateau(TP).This paper summarizes the scientific achievements obtained from the data collected by the INVC observation network and highlights the progress in investigating the development of heavy rainfall events associated with water vapor *** rain gauge network of the INVC can represent the impacts of the Yarlung Zsangbo Grand Canyon(YGC)topography on precipitation at the hourly *** microphysical characteristics of the precipitation in the YGC are different than those in the lowland *** GPM-IMERG(Integrated MultisatellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement)satellite precipitation data for the YGC region should be calibrated before they are *** meridional water vapor flux through the YGC is more important than the zonal flux for the precipitation over the southeastern *** decreased precipitation around the YGC region is partly due to the decreased meridional water vapor flux passing through the ***-resolution numerical models can benefit precipitation forecasting in this region by using a combination of specific schemes that capture the valley wind and water vapor flux along the valley floor.

关键词： Water vapor channel Land-air interaction Mountian meteorology Extreme rainfall Observation network

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