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High Conductivity Water Treatment Using Water Surface Discharge with Nonmetallic Electrodes

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第6期15卷 528-534页

作者：王小平张兴旺雷乐成 industrial ecology and environment Research institute Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University

Although electrohydraulic discharge is effective for wastewater treatment,its application is restricted by water conductivity and limited to the treatment of low conductivity water. For high conductivity water treatment,water-surface discharge is the preferred ***. the metallic electrodes are easily corroded because of the high temperature and strong oxidative environment caused by gas phase discharge and the electrochemical reaction in *** a result. the efficiency of the water treatment might be affected and the service life of the reactor might be *** order to avoid the corrosion problem,nonmetallic electrode water-surface discharge is introduced into high conductivity water treatment in the present ***-felt and water were used as the high voltage electrode and ground electrode,respectively.A comparison of the electrical and chemical characteristics showed that nonmetallic electrode discharge maintained the discharge characteristics and enhanced the energy efficiency,and furthermore,the corrosion of metal electrodes was avoided.

关键词： high conductivity water-surface discharge nonmetallic electrode

The Catalytic Effect of Metal Ions on the Degradation of 4-Chlorophenol Induced by an Aqueous Pulsed Discharge Plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第7期15卷 677-684页

作者：郝小龙张兴旺雷乐成 School of environmental and Civil Engineering Jiangnan University institute of industrial ecology and environment Zhejiang University

The influence of metal ions, such as Fe^2＋, Fe^3＋, Cu^2＋ and Mn^2＋, on 4-CP degrada-tion was investigated in an aqueous pulsed discharge plasma system with or without the addition of a TiO2 photo-catalyst. From an analysis of the pseudo first-order rate constant （kcp） and energy efficiency （G50%） for 4-CP degradation, the experimental results show that the degrada- tion of 4-CP is much enhanced in the presence of ferrous ions at the optimal concentration of 0.2-0.8 mmol/L or 0.2 mmol/L in an aqueous pulsed discharge plasma without or with the TiO2 system, respectively, and the enhancement is ascribed to plasma induced Fenton and photo-Fenton reactions. Meanwhile, the rank of such metal ions for catalytic effect on 4-CP degradation was Fe^2＋〉 Fe^3＋〉 Cu^2＋〉 Mn^2＋ and Fe^2＋〉 Fe^3＋〉 Mn^2＋〉 Cu^2＋ for the former and the latter systems, respectively, and the reasons behind this were discussed through the analysis of active species, especially hydrogen peroxide.

关键词： aqueous pulsed discharge plasma metal ions para-chlorophenol degradation,plasma catalysis

Promotional effect of CeO_2 and Y_2O_3 on CuO/ZrO_2 catalysts for methane combustion

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第2期30卷 123-127页

作者：黄亮张兴旺陈琳雷乐成 institute of industrial ecology and environment Yuquan CampusZhejiang University School of Chemistry and environmental Science Guizhou University for Nationalities

Catalytic combustion of methane was conducted by using a Cu-based catalyst prepared by the plasma-assisted impregnation method. The properties of the catalysts were surveyed by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and temperature-programmed reduction （H2-TPR）. The results showed that the activity of CuO/ZrO2 with the CeO2 and Y2O3 was obviously increased compared with the CuO/ZrO2 catalyst, which was examined in relation to the structure and surface characteristics and might be correlated with their surface oxygen species and redox properties. Among the investigated catalysts, the Ce-CuO/ZrO2 sample exhibited the highest activity for methane combustion.

关键词： copper-based catalysts cerium yttrium catalytic combustion rare earths

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the centralized wastewater treatment plant of a chemical industry zone:Removal,mass balance and source analysis

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第3期55卷 416-425页

作者： YAO Min ZHANG XingWang LEI LeCheng industrial ecology and environment Research institute Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Increased attention has been given to the fate of pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) introduced to the wastewater treatment *** and adsorbed PAHs were detected in the centralized wastewater treatment plant of a chemical industry zone in Zhejiang Province,*** most abundant PAHs were the low molecular weight PAHs (e.g.,Acy,Ace,Flu and Phe),accounting for more than 80% of the total 16 PAHs in each treatment *** partitioning suggested that the removal of PAHs in every treatment stage was influenced greater by the sorption of particles or *** removal efficiencies of individual PAHs ranged between 4% and 87% in the primary sedimentation stage,between 1% and 42% in anaerobic hydrolysis stage,between <1% and 70% in aerobic bio-process stage,between 1.5% and 80% in high-density clarifier stage,and between 44% and 97% in the whole treatment *** balance calculations in primary stage showed significant losses for low molecular weight PAHs and relatively good agreements for high molecular weight PAHs as well as in anaerobic hydrolysis,high-density clarifier stage and sludge stream for most *** gains of 60%-150% were obtained for high molecular weight PAHs in aerobic bio-process stage due to biosorption and *** investigations found that PAHs entering the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) could be derived from the dyeing chemical processes as the byproducts,and the contribution supported by the largest dyeing chemical group was up to 48%.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons removal efficiency mass balance source analysis centralized wastewater treatment plant

Invariance of specific mass increment in the case of non-equilibrium growth

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第9期24卷 139-141页

作者： L.M.Martyushev A.P.Sergeev P.S.Terentiev Ural Federal University institute of industrial ecology

The invariance of specific mass increments of crystalline structures that co-exist in the case of non-equilibrium growth is grounded for the first time by using the maximum entropy production principle. Based on the hypothesis of the existence of a universal growth equation, and through the dimensional analysis, an explicit form of the time-dependent specific mass increment is proposed. The applicability of the obtained results for describing growth in animate nature is discussed.

关键词： entropy production universal growth equation

Computer study of the formation of water-ammonia clusters and their dielectric properties

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第7期22卷 167-172页

作者： Alexander Galashev institute of industrial ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of Sciences

The absorption of one to six ammonia molecules by the （H2O）50 cluster is studied by the molecular dynamics method under near-atmospheric conditions. The capture of NH 3 molecules by a water cluster produces an increase in the integrated intensity of IR absorbance, substantially decreases emission power in the frequency range of 0≤ω≤3500cm-1,and transforms a continuous reflectance spectrum into a banded one. Adsorption of ammonia molecules by water clusters greatly diminishes the number of electrons that are active with respect to electromagnetic radiation. The present results are also compared with the experimental findings wherever available.

关键词： ammonia water cluster infrared absorption spectra molecular dynamics

Computer simulation of the bombardment of a copper film on graphene with argon clusters

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第2期24卷 105-108页

作者： A.Y.Galashev O.R.Rakhmanova institute of industrial ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of Sciences

The process of graphene cleaning of a copper film by bombarding it with Ar_（13） clusters is investigated by the molecular dynamics *** kinetic energies of the clusters are 5,10,20,and 30 eV and the incident angles are θ= 90°,75°,60°,45°,and 0°.It is obtained that the cluster energy should be in the interval 20 eV-30 eV for effective graphene *** is no cleaning effect at vertical incidence（θ =0°） of Ar_（13） *** bombardments at 45° and 90° incident angles are the most effective on a moderate and large amount of deposited copper,respectively.

关键词： argon cluster bombardment copper film graphene

Computer simulation of the cluster destruction of stratospheric ozone by bromine

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第11期21卷 198-207页

作者： A.E.Galashev O.R.Rakhmanova institute of industrial ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of Sciences 620990

The interaction of （Br-）i（H2O）50-i, 0 ≤ i ≤ 6 clusters with oxygen and ozone molecules is investigated by the method of molecular dynamics simulation. The ozone molecules as well as the bromine ions do not leave the cluster during the calculation of 25 ps. The ability of the cluster containing molecular oxygen to absorb the infrared （IR） radiation is reduced in the frequency range of 0≤ w ≤ 3500 cm-1 when the number of the bromine ions in the cluster grows. The intensity of the Raman spectrum is not changed significantly when the Brions are added to the ozone- containing system. The power of the emitted IR radiation is increased when the number of bromine ions grows in the oxygen-containing system. The data obtained in this study on the IR and the Raman spectra of the water clusters that contain ozone, oxygen, and Br- can be used to develop an investigation of the mechanisms of ozone depletion.

关键词： bromine ion water cluster ozone infrared and Raman spectra

Quantifying the impacts of soil water stress on the winter wheat growth in an arid region,Xinjiang

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Journal of Arid Land 2009年第1期1卷 34-42页

作者： Yilihm.Yimam Key Laboratory of Oasis ecology and Desert environment Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography

Wheat growth in response to soil water deficit play an important role in yield stability. A field experiment was conducted for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during the period of 2002-2005 to evaluate the effects of limited irrigation on winter wheat growth. 80%, 70%, 60%, 50% and 40% of field capacity was applied at different stages of crop growth. Photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat, such as photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, photosynthetically active radiation, and soil water content, root and shoot dry mass accumulation were measured, and the root water uptake and water balance in different layer were calculated. Based on the theory of unsaturated dynamic, a one-dimensional numerical model was developed to simulate the effect of soil water movement on winter wheat growth using Hydrus-1 D. The soil water content of stratified soil in the experimental plot was calculated under deficit irrigation. The results showed that, in different growing periods, evapotranspiration, grain yield, biomass, root water uptake, water use efficiency, and photosynthetic characteristics depended on the controlled ranges of soil water content. Grain yield response to irrigation varied considerably due to differences in soil moisture contents and irrigation scheduling between seasons. Evapotranspiration was largest in the high soil moisture treatment, and so was the biomass, but this treatment did not produce the highest grain yield and root water uptake was relatively low. Maximum depth of root water uptake is from the upper 80 cm in soil profile in jointing stage and dropped rapidly upper 40 cm after heading stage, and the velocity of root water uptake in latter stage was less than that in middle stage. The effect of limited irrigation treatment on photosynthesis was complex owing to microclimate. But root water uptake increased linearly with harvest yield and improvement in the latter gave better root water uptake under limited irrigation c

关键词： soil water water stress deficit irrigation numerical simulation photosynthesis arid region