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Effects of long-term fencing on soil microbial community structure and function in the desert steppe,China

Journal of Arid Land 2024年第3期16卷 431-446页

作者： PAN Yaqing KANG Peng QU Xuan RAN Yichao LI Xinrong Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of biological Science and Engineering North Minzu UniversityYinchuan 750021China

One of the goals of grazing management in the desert steppe is to improve its ***,relatively little is known about soil microbe communities in the desert steppe ecosystem under grazing *** this study,we investigated the diversity and aboveground biomass of Caragana korshinskii *** communities in long-term fencing and grazing areas,combined with an analysis of soil physical-chemical properties and genomics,with the aim of understanding how fence management affects plant-soil-microbial inter-relationships in the desert steppe,*** results showed that fence management(exclosure)increased plant diversity and aboveground biomass in *** shrub area and effectively enhanced soil organic carbon(233.94%),available nitrogen(87.77%),and available phosphorus(53.67%)*** well,the Shannon indices of soil bacteria and fungi were greater in the fenced ***-soil changes profoundly affected the alpha-and beta-diversity of soil *** management also altered the soil microbial community structure,significantly increasing the relative abundances of Acidobacteriota(5.31%-8.99%),Chloroflexi(3.99%-5.58%),and Glomeromycota(1.37%-3.28%).The soil bacterial-fungal co-occurrence networks under fence management had higher complexity and *** on functional predictions,fence management significantly increased the relative abundance of bacteria with nitrification and nitrate reduction functions and decreased the relative abundance of bacteria with nitrate and nitrite respiration *** relative abundances of ecologically functional fungi with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,ectomycorrhizal fungi,and saprotrophs also significantly increased under fence *** addition,the differential functional groups of bacteria and fungi were closely related to plant-soil *** results of this study have significant positive implications for the ecological restoration and reconstruction of dry desert steppe and simila

关键词： desert steppe fence management Caragana korshinskii soil physical-chemical property soil microorganism

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How variable progenitor clones construct a largely invariant neocortex

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 129-144页

作者： Zhongfu Shen Jiajun Yang Qiangqiang Zhang Kuiyu Wang Xiaohui Lv Xiaolin Hu Jian Ma Song-Hai Shi New Cornerstone Science Laboratory IDG/McG overn Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Department of Computer Sciences Tsinghua University College of Life Sciences Nankai University Chinese institute for Brain Research

The neocortex contains a vast collection of diverse neurons organized into distinct layers. While nearly all neocortical neurons are generated by radial glial progenitors(RGPs), it remains largely unclear how a complex yet organized neocortex is constructed reliably and robustly. Here, we show that the division behavior and neuronal output of RGPs are highly constrained with patterned variabilities to support the reliable and robust construction of the mouse neocortex. The neurogenic process of RGPs can be well-approximated by a consistent Poisson-like process unfolding over time, producing deep to superficial layer neurons progressively. The exact neuronal outputs regarding layer occupation are variable; yet, this variability is constrained systematically to support all layer formation, largely reflecting the variable intermediate progenitor generation and RGP neurogenic entry and exit timing differences. Together, these results define the fundamental features of neocortical neurogenesis with a balanced reliability and variability for the construction of the complex neocortex.

关键词： neocortex radial glial progenitor intermediate progenitor neurogenesis clonal variability layer formation

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RIPK1 plays a crucial role in maintaining regulatory T-Cell homeostasis by inhibiting both RIPK3-and FADD-mediated cell death

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Cellular & Molecular immunology 2024年第1期21卷 80-90页

作者： Xiaoxue Deng Lingxia Wang Yunze Zhai Qiuyue Liu Fengxue Du Yu Zhang Wenxing Zhao Tingtao Wu Yiwen Tao Jie Deng Yongbing Cao Pei Hao Jiazi Ren Yunli Shen Zuoren Yu Yuejuan Zheng Haibing Zhang Haikun Wang State Key Laboratory of Cardiology Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200120China CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and immunology Shanghai Institute of Immunity and InfectionChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition Metabolism and Food SafetyShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and BiosecurityShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China institute of Vascular Disease Shanghai TCM-Integrated HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200433China

Regulatory T(T_(reg))cells play an essential role in maintaining immune balance across various physiological and pathological ***,the mechanisms underlying T_(reg)homeostasis remain incompletely ***,we report that RIPK1 is crucial for T_(reg) cell survival and *** generated mice with T_(reg) cell-specific ablation of Ripk1 and found that these mice developed fatal systemic autoimmunity due to a dramatic reduction in the Treg cell compartment caused by excessive cell *** conventional T cells,Treg cells with Ripk1 deficiency were only partially rescued from cell death by blocking FADD-dependent ***,simultaneous removal of both Fadd and Ripk3 completely restored the homeostasis of Ripk1-deficient Treg cells by blocking two cell death ***,our study highlights the critical role of RIPK1 in regulating Treg cell homeostasis by controlling both apoptosis and necroptosis,thereby providing novel insights into the mechanisms of Treg cell homeostasis.

关键词： Treg cell Homeostasis Apoptosis Necroptosis

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Investigating the Mechanism of Qu Du Qiang Fei 1 Hao Fang Formula against Coronavirus Disease 2019 Based on Network Pharmacology Method

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 93-103页

作者： Yuan-Hua Wang He-Yang Zhou Jin-Yun Ma Gui-Qing Ding Hua Yu Yong-Sheng Jin Xiao-Dong Cheng institute of Clinical immunology Yue-Yang Hospital of Integrative MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina School of Pharmacy Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina

Objective:Qu Du Qiang Fei 1 Hao Fang(QDQF1)is a novel Chinese herbal medicine formula used to treat coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).However,the pharmacological mechanisms of action of QDQF1 remain *** objective of this study was to identify the effective ingredients and biological targets of QDQF1 for COVID-19 *** and Methods:The effective ingredients and mechanisms of action of QDQF1 were analyzed by using network pharmacology methods,which included an analysis of the effective ingredients and corresponding targets,COVID-19-related target acquisition,compound-target network analyses,protein-protein interaction network analysis,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)and Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analyses,and molecular docking ***:In total,288 effective QDQF1 ingredients were *** identified 51 core targets from the 148 targets through an overlap between putative QDQF1 targets and COVID-19-related *** key components,including formononetin,kaempferol,luteolin,naringenin,quercetin,and wogonin were identified through component-target network *** functional enrichment analysis of the core targets revealed 1296 items,while KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 148 signaling *** central targets(CCL2,CXCL8,IL1B,IL6,MAPK1,MAPK3,MAPK8,STAT3,and TNF)related to the COVID-19 pathway were identified in the KEGG pathway enrichment ***,molecular docking analysis suggested that the docking scores of the six key components to the nine central targets were better than those to ***:QDQF1 may regulate multiple immune-and inflammation-related targets to inhibit the progression of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,and thus,may be suitable for the treatment of COVID-19.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 molecular docking molecular mechanism network pharmacology Qu Du Qiang Fei 1 Hao Fang formula

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Lactiplantibacillus plantarum FRT4 attenuates high-energy low-protein dietinduced fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome in laying hens through regulating gut-liver axis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1292-1311页

作者： Daojie Li Hongying Cai Guohua Liu Yunsheng Han Kai Qiu Weiwei Liu Kun Meng Peilong Yang Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China National Engineering Research Center of biological Feed Beijing 100081China

Background Fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome(FLHS)becomes one of the most major factors resulting in the laying hen death for caged egg *** study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Lactiplantibacillus plan-tarum(***)FRT4 on FLHS model in laying hen with a focus on liver lipid metabolism,and gut *** The FLHS model of laying hens was established by feeding a high-energy low-protein(HELP)diet,and the treatment groups were fed a HELP diet supplemented with differential proportions of *** *** results indicated that *** FRT4 increased laying rate,and reduced the liver lipid accumulation by regulating lipid metabolism(lipid synthesis and transport)and improving the gut microbiota ***,***-tarum FRT4 regulated the liver glycerophospholipid ***,“gut-liver”axis analysis showed that there was a correlation between gut microbiota and lipid *** The results indicated that *** FRT4 improved the laying performance and alleviated FLHS in HELP diet-induced laying hens through regulating“gut-liver”*** findings reveal that glycerophospholipid metabolism could be the underlying mechanism for the anti-FLHS effect of *** FRT4 and for future use of *** FRT4 as an excellent additive for the prevention and mitigation of FLHS in laying hens.

关键词： Fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome Gut microbiota Lactiplantibacillus plantarum FRT4 Laying hens Lipid metabolism

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Modulation doping of p-type Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)toward improving thermoelectric performance

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 71-79页

作者： Khak Ho Lim Mingquan Li Yu Zhang Yue Wu Qimin Zhou Qingyue Wang Xuan Yang Pingwei Liu Wen-Jun Wang Ka Wai Wong Ka Ming Ng Yu Liu Andreu Cabot institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou Quzhou 324000China College of Chemical and biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310007China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Materials Research institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Ostia Technologies Limited United Kingdom Department of Chemical and biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina ICREA Pg.Lluis Companys 23Barcelona 08010Spain Catalonia Energy Research institute-IREC Sant Adria del BesosBarcelona 08930Spain

The commercial viability of thermoelectric(TE)devices relies heavily on two factors:cost reduction and efficiency *** this study,we first produce p-type Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(16-x)(x=0,3,4)using a low-temperature bottom-up approach and demonstrate Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)to show the best TE performance among the three tested ***,the TE energy conversion efficiency of Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)is further enhanced by optimizing its electronic band structure through the incorporation of small amounts of *** an optimal Te content of 5 mol%,more than a twofold increase in the TE figure of merit(zT)is *** gain insight into the mechanism of improvement on the transport properties of the mate-rial,we compare the interphase transport mechanism by incorporating nanodomains of different metals(Ag and Cu)into the Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)*** improved electrical conductivity obtained with Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)-Te nanocomposites is attributed to a charge flooding of the Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)*** contrast,excessive down-ward band-bending at the interphases of Ag/Cu metal-semiconductor drastically reduces the electrical ***,a weighted mobility(μw)analysis shows a dominant thermal activation of carri-ers in Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)-Te *** this material,a strong decrease in lattice thermal conductivity is also found,which is associated with a phonon-carrier scattering *** work shows the impor-tance of proper band-engineering in TE nanocomposites to decouple electrical and thermal transport to enhance TE performance,and the efficacy ofμw for electrical and thermal transport analysis.

关键词： Modulation doping Thermoelectric Interphase transport Charge flooding Phonon-carrier scattering

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Expanding through the Emerald Isle:exploration and spatial orientation of non-native bank voles in Ireland

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 320-331页

作者： Valeria Mazza Jana A.Eccard Animal Ecology Institute for Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamMaulbeerallee 114469PotsdamGermany and Department of Ecological and biological Sciences University of TusciaLargo dell'Università10100 ViterboItaly

Whether introduced into a completely novel habitat or slowly expanding their current range,the degree to which animals can effciently explore and navigate new environments can be key to survival,ultimately determining population establishment and colonization *** tested whether spatial orientation and exploratory behavior are associated with non-native spread in free-living bank voles(Myodes glareolus,N=43)from a population accidentally introduced to Ireland a century *** measured spatial orientation and navigation in a radial arm maze,and behaviors associated to exploratory tendencies and risk-taking in repeated open-feld tests,at the expansion edge and in the source *** voles at the expansion edge re-visited unrewarded arms of the maze more,waited longer before leaving it,took longer to start exploring both the radial arm maze and the open feld,and were more risk-averse compared to conspecifcs in the source *** together,results suggest that for this small mammal under heavy predation pressure,a careful and thorough exploration strategy might be favored when expanding into novel environments.

关键词： animal personality biological invasions exploration behavior Myodes glareolus range expansion spatial orientation.

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Navigating biomolecular condensates in plants from patterns to functions

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1329-1332页

作者： Yansong Miao Monika Chodasiewicz Xiaofeng Fang School of biological Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637551Singapore institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore636921Singapore biological and Environmental Science&Engineering Division(BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia School of Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Biomolecular condensates have emerged as one of the important focuses of recent research on plant *** study of these condensates often begins with evidence gathered from imaging or bioinformatics *** with genetic and biochemical approaches,researchers have begun to establish a link between the condensation of biomolecules *** challenge,however,is unambiguously demonstrating the necessity of condensation in a cellular process versus the macromolecule *** requires a combination of evidence from genetics,cell biology,biochemistry,and biophysical *** this Opinion paper,we pinpoint the factors to be considered when studying the role of biomolecular condensates in plant *** also provide future directions for plant condensate biology.

关键词： functions. condensation directions

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FL-Online:An x-ray crystallographic web-server for atomic-scale structure analysis of biomolecule

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 37-42页

作者：王宾堂牛彤欣范海福丁玮 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Center for biological Imaging Core Facilities for Protein ScienceInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

FL-Online(http://***) is an out-of-box modern web service featuring a user-friendly interface and simplified parameters, providing academic users with access to a series of online programs for biomolecular crystallography, including SAPI-online, OASIS-online, C-IPCAS-online and a series of upcoming software releases. Meanwhile, it is a highly scalable and maintainable web application framework that provides a powerful and flexible solution for academic web development needs. All the codes are open-source under MIT licenses in GitHub.

关键词： graphical web service OASIS IPCAS direct methods protein crystallography

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pH-responsive metal nanoparticles as high contrast theranostic agents for selective imaging and synergistic cancer therapy

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 3063-3070页

作者： Sichao Tian Xiaofeng He Xiao Wu Dongxue Hu Qing-Hua Xu Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore National University of Singapore(Suzhou)Research institute Suzhou 215123China institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Department of biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117558Singapore

The low signal-to-noise ratio(S/N)and single functionality of fluorescence imaging agents have limited their practical *** two-photon excitation(2PE)imaging probes are highly desirable in vivo with larger imaging depth,minor autofluorescence background,and less ***,we developed responsive aggregated gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)as high contrast 2PE imaging agents,capable of emitting red fluorescence upon excitation of near-infrared(NIR)laser and possessing a high signal-to-noise ratio(S/N of 2,475).By forming aggregates in situ inside tumor tissue,doxorubicin hydrochloride(DOX)-loaded mix-charged gold nanoparticles(DOX-MC-Au NPs)were utilized to act as selective fluorescence imaging probes and precise therapy *** high-contrast theranostic agents offer a promising potential for precise cancer imaging and therapy,which might open a new venue to multifunctional and noninvasive theranostics.

关键词： metal nanoparticles two-photon excitation high contrast imaging agents fluorescence imaging cancer therapy

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