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Magmatic systems of large continental igneous provinces

Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第4期8卷 621-640页

作者： E.Sharkov M.Bogina A.Chistyakov institute of geology of Ore Deposits PetrographyMineralogy and Geochemistry RAS

Large igneous provinces（LIPs） formed by mantle superplume events have irreversibly changed their composition in the geological evolution of the Earth from high-Mg melts（during Archean and early Paleoproterozoic） to Phanerozoic-type geochemically enriched Fe-Ti basalts and picrites at 2.3 *** propose that this upheaval could be related to the change in the source and nature of the mantle superplumes of different *** first generation plumes were derived from the depleted mantle,whereas the second generation（thermochemical） originated from the core-mantle boundary（CMB）.This study mainly focuses on the second（Phanerozoic） type of LIPs,as exemplified by the midPaleoproterozoic Jatulian-Ludicovian LIP in the Fennoscandian Shield,the Permian-Triassic Siberian LIP,and the late Cenozoic flood basalts of *** latter LIP contains mantle xenoliths represented by green and black *** xenoliths are fragments of cooled upper margins of the mantle plume heads,above zones of adiabatic melting,and provide information about composition of the plume material and processes in the plume *** on the previous studies on the composition of the mantle xenoliths in within-plate basalts around the world,it is inferred that the heads of the mantle（thermochemical） plumes are made up of moderately depleted spinel peridotites（mainly lherzolites）and geochemically-enriched intergranular fluid/***,it is presumed that the plume heads intrude the mafic lower crust and reach up to the bottom of the upper crust at depths-20 *** generation of two major types of mantle-derived magmas（alkali and tholeiitic basalts） was previously attributed to the processes related to different PT-parameters in the adiabatic melting zone whereas this study relates to the fluid regime in the plume *** is also suggested that a newly-formed melt can occur on different sides of a critical plane of silica undersaturation and can acquire either alkalic or tholeiitic composition de

关键词： Magmatic systems LIP Mantle plume Paleoproterozoic Mantle xenoliths Basalts

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Interaction between protokimberlite melts and mantle lithosphere:Evidence from mantle xenoliths from the Dalnyaya kimberlite pipe,Yakutia(Russia)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第4期8卷 693-710页

作者： I.V.Ashchepkov T.Ntaflos Z.V.Spetsius R.F.Salikhov H.Downes institute of geology and mineralogy SD RAS Vienna University Alrosa Stock Company Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Birkbeck University of London

The Dalnyaya kimberlite pipe（Yakutia,Russia） contains mantle peridotite xenoliths（mostly Iherzolites and harzburgites） that show both sheared porphyroclastic（deformed） and coarse granular textures,together with ilmenite and clinopyroxene *** peridotites contain high-temperature Fe-rich clinopyroxenes,sometimes associated with picroilmenites,which are products of interaction of the lithospheric mantle with protokimberlite related *** orthopyroxene-derived geotherm for the lithospheric mantle beneath Dalnyaya is stepped similar to that beneath the Udachnaya *** granular xenoliths fall on a geotherm of 35 mWm-2 whereas deformed varieties yield a 45 mWm-2）geotherm in the 2-7.5 GPa pressure *** chemistry of the constituent minerals including garnet,olivine and clinopyroxene shows trends of increasing Fe~#（=Fe/（Fe＋Mg））with decreasing *** may suggest that the interaction with fractionating protokimberlite melts occurred at different *** major mantle lithologies are distinguished by the trace element patterns of their constituent minerals,determined by ***,some clinopyroxenes and rare garnets are depleted in Ba,Sr,HFSE and MREE and represent relic lithospheric ***-fertilized garnet and clinopyroxene are more *** distribution of trace elements between garnet and clinopyroxene shows that the garnets dissolved primary orthopyroxene and *** high temperature clinopyroxenes related to the protokimberlite melts partially dissolved these *** show decreases in Ni and increases in Al,Ca and Ti from Mg-rich varieties to the more Fe-rich,deformed and refertilized *** showing higher Fe~#（0.11-0.15） are found within intergrowths of low-Cr ilmenite-clinopyroxene-garnet related to the crystallization of protokimberlite melts in feeder *** P-f（O_2） diagrams,garnets and Cr-rich clinopyroxenes indicate reduced conditions at the base of the lithosphere at-5

关键词： Mantle xenoliths Trace element Melt interaction Kimberlite Pyrope Cr-diopside

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亚洲高山流域千年尺度地表剥蚀的制约因素

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中国科学:地球科学 2025年第1期 75-94页

作者：杨业 Steven A.BINNIE 徐胜刘丛强 Tibor J.DUNAI 天津大学地球系统科学学院表层地球系统科学研究院 institute of geology and mineralogy University of Cologne

本研究利用前人1233个亚洲高山流域沉积物宇宙成因核素10Be数据统一计算了地表剥蚀速率,以约束构造、气候和地形如何影响和控制地表剥蚀过程.基于高程数据逐个像元的核素产率,使用蒙特卡洛模拟方法重新计算了10Be流域剥蚀速率.剥蚀速率... 详细信息

本研究利用前人1233个亚洲高山流域沉积物宇宙成因核素10Be数据统一计算了地表剥蚀速率,以约束构造、气候和地形如何影响和控制地表剥蚀过程.基于高程数据逐个像元的核素产率,使用蒙特卡洛模拟方法重新计算了10Be流域剥蚀速率.剥蚀速率变化范围从（7.4±0.7）mm ka-1（1σ;青藏高原内部）到（9,646744+777）mm ka-1（1σ;青藏高原南部）跨四个数量级,中位数为186mm ka-1.逐个像元计算的核素产率与传统模型使用质心坐标和平均高程计算的核素产率相比,后者96.6%核素产率被低估,其中高程差越大越被低估.两种方法计算的产率偏差可达40%,究其原因可能是流域高程分布不均和核素产率随海拔和纬度呈非线性变化.通过量化地表剥蚀速率与构造、气候、地形和岩性之间的相关性将有助于推演未知流域的剥蚀速率.从局部小尺度分析,亚热带台湾岛地区剥蚀速率可能主要受降水和新构造驱动的山体滑坡影响,而降水变化范围较窄的青藏高原东部的剥蚀速率主要受控于地形;冰川覆盖的高原地区剥蚀速率受冰川作用影响,如帕米尔、青藏高原内部和南部地区;青藏高原内部剥蚀速率较低是因为较低的降水和较高的侵蚀基准面,从而限制了河流的下切和地表起伏度演化.与局部小尺度强调单一主控因素不同,本研究对亚洲高山流域宏观大尺度进行量化分析发现:（1）地形指标（包括坡度、地形起伏度和河道陡峭指数）与剥蚀速率在千年尺度呈现一致的幂函数关系,而非简单线性;（2）剥蚀速率与气候（包括与海拔相关的降水、温度和植被覆盖度）和新构造活动（地震核密度分布）呈近似幂函数关系,为次要控制因素;（3）岩性与剥蚀速率没有明显的相关性,可能受限于流域复杂的岩性混合和低分辨率的可侵蚀指数数据.

关键词： 10Be剥蚀速率气候变化构造抬升地形梯度亚洲高山流域

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Constraints on what controls millennial-scale basin-wide denudation across mountain belts, Asia

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期 74-93页

作者： Ye YANG Steven A.BINNIE Sheng XU Cong-Qiang LIU Tibor J.DUNAI institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System Science Tianjin University institute of geology and mineralogy University of Cologne

The terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dataset consisting of 123310Be measurements of fluvial sediment samples across the Asian mountain belts is used to constrain the influence of climate,tectonics and topography on Earth-surface denudation processes.10Be-derived basin-wide denudation rates were recalculated using a Monte Carlo simulation approach that relied on pixel-by-pixel production *** rates derived span four orders of magnitude,from 7.4±0.7 mm kyr-1（1σ;Central Tibetan Plateau） to 9,646744+777mm kyr-1（1σ;Southern Tibetan Plateau）,with a median of 186 mm *** our results with the traditional basin-wide production rate scaling model using a centroid coordinate and mean elevation,suggests that 96.6%of production rates will be underestimated using the latter method,especially for basins with a large *** bias between both methods reaches as large as 40%,caused by basin hypsometry and the nonlinear scaling of production rate with elevation and *** of the correlations between uniformly recalculated denudation rates and tectonics,climate,topography and rock lithology will facilitate the extrapolation of denudation rates in unknown basins using available *** the perspective of local scales,precipitation coupled with neotectonics-driven landslides is likely the most influential factor in subtropical Taiwan Island,while topography primarily constrains surface denudation rates in the eastern Tibetan Plateau within a narrow range of *** highland regions with glacier coverage,such as the Pamir,central and southern Tibetan Plateau high denudation rates are affected by glaciation,whereas lower precipitation and high erosion base level may limit river incision and evolving relief in the Central Tibetan *** contrast to local-scale findings highlighting a dominant factor constraining denudation rate,our large-scale quantitative analyses across the Asian mountain belts finds that （1） topographic metrics including

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Comparison of mantle lithosphere beneath early Triassic kimberlite fields in Siberian craton reconstructed from deep-seated xenocrysts

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第4期7卷 639-662页

作者： I.V.Ashchepkov S.S.Kuligin N.V.Vladykin H.Downes M.A.Vavilov E.N.Nigmatulina S.A.Babushkina N.S.Tychkov O.S.Khmelnikova lnstitute of geology and mineralogy sd ras Koptyug ave 3NovosibirskRussia institute of Geochemistry sd ras Favorskky str laIrkutskRussia Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Birkbeck University of LondonLondonUK institute of geology of Diamonds and Noble metals sd ras Lenina ave 39YakutskRussia

Mantle xenocrysts from early Triassic kimberlite pipes from Kharamai, Ary-Mastakh and Kuranakh fields in the Anabar shield of Siberia revealing similar compositional trends were studied to estimate the superplume influence on the subcratonic lithosphere mantle （SCLM）. Pressure-temperature （PT） reconstructions using monomineral thermobarometry for 5 phases show division of the SCLM beneath the Kharamai field into 6 units： pyroxenitic Fe-rich （1-2 GPa） and Mg-rich （2-3 GPa） layers; middle with two levels of Gar-Sp pyroxenites at - 3 and 4-5 GPa; Gar-dunite-harzburgites - 4.5-6.5 GPa subjected to llm-Px vein metasomatism; and a Mg-rich dunite lower part. In the Anabar shield （Ary-Mastakh, Dyuken and Kuranakh fields） mantle lithosphere is composed of three large units divided into two parts： upper part with amphiboles and phlogopite; two levels of pyroxenites and eclogites at 3 and 4 GPa, and a lower part composed of refertilized dunites. Diagrams showing P-Fe#Gar clusters for garnets and omphacites illustrate the differences between SCLM of these localities. Differences of Triassic SCLM from Devonian SCLM are in simple layering; abundance of Na-Cr-amphiboles and metasomatism in the upper SCLM part, thick pyroxenite-eclogite layer and lower part depletion, heated from SCLM base to 5.0 GPa. Kharamai mantle clinopyroxenes represent three geochemical types：（1） harzburgitic with inclined linear REE, HFSE troughs and elevated Th, U; （2） lherzolitic or pyroxenitic with round TRE patterns and decreasing incompatible elements; （3） eclogitic with Eu troughs, Pb peak and high LILE content. Calculated parental melts for garnets with humped REE patterns suggest dissolution of former Cpx and depression means Cpx and garnets extraction. Clinopyroxenes from Ary-Mastakh fields show less in- dined REE patterns with HMREE troughs and an increase of incompatible elements. Clinopyroxenes from Kuranakh field show flatter spoon-like REE patterns and peaks in Ba, U, Pb and St, similar to th

关键词： Mantle lithosphere Monomineral thermobarometry Mineral geochemistry Triassic kimberlite Layering

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Alakit and Daldyn kimberlite fields,Siberia,Russia:Two types of mantle sub-terranes beneath central Yakutia?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第4期8卷 671-692页

作者： I.V.Ashchepkov A.M.Logvinova T.Ntaflos N.V.Vladykin S.I.Kostrovitsky Z.Spetsius S.I.Mityukhin S.A.Prokopyev N.S.Medvedev H.Downes institute of geology and mineralogy sd ras institute of Geochemistry sd ras Dept.of Lithospheric Research University of Vienna Alrosa Stock Company Nikolaev institute of Inorganic Chemistry 3 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Birkbeck University of London

Mineral data from Yakutian kimberlites allow reconstruction of the history of lithospheric *** occur in compositions of mantle pyropes and clinopyroxenes from large kimberlite pipes in the Alakit and Daldyn *** the Alakit ***-diopsides are alkaline,and Stykanskaya and some other pipes contain more sub-calcic pyropes and dunitic-type diamond inclusions,while in the Daldyn field harzburgitic pyropes are *** eclogitic diamond inclusions in the Alakit field are sharply divided in types and conditions,while in the Daldyn field they show varying compositions and often continuous Pressure-Temperature（P-T） ranges with increasing Fe~# with decreasing *** Alakit,Crpargasites to richterites were found in all pipes,while in Daldyn,pargasites are rare Dalnyaya and Zarnitsa ***-diopsides from the Alakit region show higher levels of light Rare Earth Elements（LREE）and stronger REE-slopes,and enrichment in light Rare Earth Elements（LREE）,sometimes Th-U,and small troughs in *** the Daldyn field,the High Field Strength Elements HFSE troughs are more common in clinopyroxenes with low REE abundances,while those from sheared and refertilized peridotites have smooth *** from Alakit show HREE minima,but those from Daldyn often have a trough at Yand high U and ***/O2 diagrams from both regions show similarities,suggesting similar layering and *** degree of metasomatism is often higher for pipes which show dispersion in P-Fe~# trends for *** the mantle beneath Udachnaya and Aykhal,pipes show 6-7 linear arrays of P-Fe~# in the lower part of the mantle section at 7.5-3.0 GPa,probably reflecting primary subduction *** the Sytykanskaya pipe,there are several horizons with opposite inclinations which reflect metasomatic *** high dispersion of the P—Fe~# trend indicating widespread metasomatism is associated with decreased diamond *** explanation of the differences in miner

关键词： Thermobarometry Geochemistry Daldyn Alakit Craton Lithosphere

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Rock-magnetic investigation of Siberia loess and its implication

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第23期45卷 2192-2198页

作者： Kazansky Alexey Matasova Galina Zykina Valentina Petrovsky Eduard Jordanova Neli institute of geology UIGGM SD RASNovosibirskRussiaInstitute of GeologyUIGGM SD RASNovosibirskRussiaInstitute of GeologyUIGGM SD RASNovosibirskRussiaGeophysical InstitutePragueCzech RepublicGeophysical InstitutePragueCzech Republic

Multiple-rock magnetic investigations conducted on the loess-paleosol sequences at Kurtak in Southwestern Siberia reveal that the mass-normalized low-field magnetic susceptibility profiles reflect changes in lithology between relatively unweathered primary loess of glacial periods and the interglacial paleosols. Maxima in susceptibility values correspond with the least-weathered loess horizons, and minima with the humic horizons of soils. Frequency-dependent susceptibility of the loess-paleosol sequences at Kurtak is very low and practically uniform, indicating the dominance of non-SP ferrimagnetic minerals and negligible pedogenesis. The history of temperature-dependence of susceptibility (IDS) and stepwise acquisition of the isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) have confirmed that magnetite is predominant magnetic mineral, and only few maghemite and probably hematite are present within the studied section. Anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility (AMS) can be used to monitor tilt and

关键词： Siberia loess rock-magnetism paleoclimate.

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Sr-Isotopic Characteristic of the Typical Carbonate Neoproterozoic Siberia Sections

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 194-195页

作者： Vishnevskaya Irine Kuznetsov Anton Letnikova Elena institute of geology and mineralogy SB ras institute of Precambrian geology and Geochronology ras

First Sr isotopic data for the type of Neoproterozoic carbonate sediments of the South Siberia are reported. Upper Riphean complex is represented by terrigenous -carbonate rocks of Tungysic Formation,Yenisey Mountain *** age of this Formation shows a wide range,from 924±40 Ma(K-Ar method)to 753±6 Ma(U-Pb method).Sediments of Zabit Formation,Bokson Series(East Sayan)and

关键词： Neoproterozoic carbonate sediments Sr isotopic chemostratigraphy

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Monomineral universal clinopyroxene and garnet barometers for peridotitic,eclogitic and basaltic systems

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第4期8卷 775-795页

作者： I.V.Ashchepkov T.Ntaflos A.M.Logvinova Z.V.Spetsius H.Downes N.V.Vladykin V.S.Sobolev institute of geology and mineralogy SB ras Vienna University Alrosa Stock Company Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Birkbeck University of London institute of Geochemistry sd ras

New versions of the universal Jd-Di exchange clinopyroxene barometer for peridotites,pyroxenites and eclogites,and also garnet barometer for eclogites and peridotites were *** were checked using large experimental data sets for eciogitic（~530） and peridotitic systems（〉650）.The precision of the universal Cpx barometer for peridotites based on Jd-Di exchange is close to Cr-Tschermal

关键词： Clinopyroxene Barometer Peridotite Eclogite Kimberlite Garnet

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Gold mineralisation and orogenic metamorphism in the Lena province of Siberia as assessed from Chertovo Koryto and Sukhoi Log deposits

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第3期7卷 453-481页

作者： Marina A.Yudovskaya Vadim V.Distler Vsevolod Yu.Prokofiev Nickolay N.Akinfiev institute of geology of Ore Deposits PetrographyMineralogy and Geochemistry RAS EGRI University of the Witwatersrand

The Chertovo Koryto gold deposit（80 t Au at 1.84 g/t） in the Lena world-class province,Siberia,is hosted in a metamorphosed sequence of the Paleoproterozoic Mikhailovsk Formation that comprises the oldest black shale strata of the Baikal-Patom *** mineralisation is confined to the thrust zone complicated with a conjugate anticline fold,zones of shearing and *** struaural position of the mineralisation is similar to that at the giant Sukhoi Log deposit in the neighbouring Mama-Bodaibo *** the latter,the isotope age data suggest that Khomolkho black shales,hosts to Sukhoi Log mineralisation,are of Ediacaran age and underwent prograde metamorphism during early *** geochemical composition of the terrigenous rocks that host Sukhoi Log,Chertovo Koryto,and a number of other deposits at the various stratigraphic levels throughout the Proterozoic sequence have much in *** do not show elevated metal contents above the common black shale abundances,except for Au and As,which is at variance with the accepted view on diagenetic enrichment of black shales in the Lena *** occurrence of sagenitic rutile in quartz and chlorite pseudomorphs after biotite and other petrographic observations provide evidence on a retrograde nature of the metamorphic mineral assemblages in the Mikhailovsk *** sulphides are pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite with very minor pyrite at Chertovo Koryto,whereas pyrite is the predominant sulphide in the Sukhoi Log *** inclusion data on both deposits emphasise a high-temperature nature of the mineralisation albeit revealing great contrast in the fluid *** Log mineralisation was formed at mixing between low-salinity aqueous solutions and dense gaseous carbonic fluids,which facilitated effective gold scavenging and precipitation,as demonstrated by thermodynamic *** precursory devolatilisation of the Mikhailovsk sediments at the prograde stage results in the paucity of gaseous carbon

关键词： Gold Black shales Orogenic metamorphism Orogenic fluid Sukhoi Log Chertovo Koryto

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