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End-Triassic storm deposits in the lacustrine Sichuan Basin and their driving mechanisms

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2383-2400页

作者： Jianli ZENG Tingshan ZHANG Mihai Emilian POPA Yongdong WANG Xi ZHANG Liqin LI Yuanyuan XU Ning LU Xiaoqing ZHANG School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500China Sichuan Key Laboratory of Natural Gas geology Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500China Faculty of geology and Geophysics Doctoral Schoolof Geology Laboratory of Palaeontology University of Bucharest.Bucharest 010041Romania Nanjing institute of geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences NanjingNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Storm deposits or tempestites are event sequences formed by storms,requiring at least a water temperature of 26.5℃.While inland lakes are unlikely to form storm deposits because of their limited width and water *** Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the Sichuan Basin is a set of coal-bearing,clastic sequences with dominant sedimentary facies varying from braided river delta to lacustrine settings,with storm deposits widely *** the Zilanba of Guanyuan area,in situ tree trunks on a palaeosol surface in Member Vof the Xujiahe Formation provide new evidence of a storm *** fallen-down directions of nine in situ tree trunks were predominant in the NW direction,contrary to the palaeocurrent direction of the underlying strata,suggesting that the southeasterlies prevailed during the end-Triassic in the northern Sichuan *** mud clasts were frequently recorded in sandstones of the Xujiahe Formation,as well as in the Xindianzi *** mud clasts showed a rip-up or a plastic deformation with upside-down V-shapes,were capped on an erosional surface,showed no transport traces and were therefore interpreted as a storm lag *** megamonsoonal climate prevailed during the Late Triassic,although the megamonsoons themselves could not generate a storm deposition in the Xujiahe Formation due to its low maximum surface wind *** driving mechanism for generating storm deposits in the Xujiahe Formation is suggested to be tropical cyclones over the Tethys Ocean moving eastward,further landfalling on the western margin of the Sichuan *** of storm events in the circum-Tethys region show a widespread storm surge in low latitudes during the *** storm deposits at the top of the Xujiahe Formation represent a sedimentary response to the end-Triassic hyperthermal event.

关键词： Sichuan Basin End-Triassic Xujiahe Formation Storm deposits

Numerical evaluations on the fluid production in the in-situ conversion of continental shale oil reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2024年第04期21卷 2485-2501页

作者： Zhao-Bin Zhang Maryelin Josefina Brice?o Montilla Shou-Ding Li Xiao Li Jian-Peng Xing Yan-Zhi Hu Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences institute of Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences institute of Energy Peking University

In-situ conversion presents a promising technique for exploiting continental oil shale formations,characterized by highly fractured organic-rich rock. A 3D in-situ conversion model, which incorporates a discrete fracture network, is developed using a self-developed thermal-flow-chemical(TFC) *** of the model elucidates the in-situ conversion process in three stages and defines the transformation of fluids into three distinct outcomes according to their end stages. The findings indicate that kerogen decomposition increases fluid pressure, activating fractures and subsequently enhancing permeability. A comprehensive analysis of activated fracture permeability and heating power reveals four distinct production modes, highlighting that increasing heating power correlates with higher cumulative fluid production. Activated fractures, with heightened permeability, facilitate the mobility of heavy oil toward production wells but hinder its cracking, thereby limiting light hydrocarbon ***, energy efficiency research demonstrates the feasibility of the in-situ conversion in terms of energy utilization, especially when considering the surplus energy from high-fluctuation energy sources such as wind and solar power to provide heating.

关键词： In-situ conversion Continental shale oil Natural fracture network TFC model

Structural,^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar Geochronological and Rheological Feature Analysis of the Guoxuepu Shear Zone:Indications for the Jitang Metamorphic Complex in the Northern Lancangjiang Zone

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 32-49页

作者： FENG Yipeng WANG Genhou WANG Shulai LI Dian WANG Huan LU Yang LIU Han ZHANG Peilie Beijing institute of geology for Mineral Resources Co. Ltd.Beijing 100012China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China College of Earth Sciences Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Rock Analysis Laboratory Regional Geology Survey Institute of Hebei ProvinceLangfangHebei 065099China Chengdu Center China Geology SurveyChengdu 610081China

The Jitang metamorphic complex is key to studying the tectonic evolution of the Northern Lancangjiang *** structural-lithological mapping,structural analysis and laboratory testing,the composition of the Jitang metamorphic complex was *** macro-and microstructural analyses of the ductile detachment shear zone(Guoxuepu ductile shear zone,2–4 km wide)between the metamorphic complex and the overlying sedimentary cap show that the shear sense of the ductile shear zones is *** presence of various deformation features and quartz C-axis electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)fabric analysis suggests multiple deformation events occurring at different *** average stress is 25.68 MPa,with the strain rates(έ)ranging from 9.77×10^(−14)s^(−1)to 6.52×10^(−16)s^(−1).The finite strain of the Guoxuepu ductile shear zone indicates an elongated strain *** average kinematic vorticity of the Guoxuepu ductile shear zone is 0.88,implying that the shear zone is dominated by simple *** muscovite selected from the protomylonite samples in the Guoxuepu ductile shear zone yields a 40Ar-39Ar age of 60.09±0.38 *** is suggested that,coeval with the initial Indo–Eurasian collision,the development of strike-slip faults led to a weak and unstable crust,upwelling of lower crust magma,then induced the detachment of the Jitang metamorphic complex in the Eocene.

关键词： ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar dating strain pattern vorticity EBSD Guoxuepu shear zone Jitang metamorphic complex

Major- and Trace- Element Chemistry of Clinopyroxene and Amphibole from High-Mg Diorite in Chelyabinsk Massif(Urals): Insights into Petrogenesis and Magma Source Constraints

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Tatiana Osipova Gennadiy Kallistov Maria Chervyakovskaya Vasiliy Chervyakovskiy Zavaritsky institute of geology and Geochemistry，Ural Branch of RAS

Field- and petrographic investigations， together with microanalytical major- and trace-element studies， were carried out on clinopyroxene and amphibole from high-Mg diorite in the subduction-related Chelyabinsk granitic massif to understand its petrogenesis and source. The clinopyroxene composition (high Mg#， Cr-content， sum of REE and Ti/Eu ratio; depletion in HREE; negative Eu-anomaly) indicates that it formed from a reduced melt derived from a mantle source metasomatized by fluids/melts having crustal affinity. Melt compositions in equilibrium with clinopyroxene and amphibole were calculated using solid/liquid partition coefficients. The high Nb/Y and Zr/Y ratio values of a liquid simulated from clinopyroxene， which appears to have very similar characteristics to sanukitoid melts， indicate a low degree of melting of the mantle source. Melt simulated from amphibole is more evolved and more felsic (dacitic). It displays a geochemical “amphibole fractionation” signature， indicating the peritectic transformation of clinopyroxene to amphibole in the lower crust. Rock textures and major element mineral compositions suggest that further amphibole was precipitated directly from the melt in the middle crust. The results show that the Chelyabinsk high-Mg diorite was probably formed as a cumulate from sanukitoid-like melt during its ascent and cooling below dacitic liquidus inside the amphibole stability field.

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Morphology of crater and caldera lakes in the Far Eastern region of Russia and the features of their development

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1246-1258页

作者： Dmitrii N.KOZLOV Ekaterina V.LEBEDEVA institute of Marine geology and Geophysics Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesYuzhno-Sakhalinsk 693022Russia institute of Geography Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119017Russia

Volcanic lakes in the Kuril-Kamchatka region are difficult to access,and for this reason,they remain poorly studied,with only scattered and brief data *** authors have conducted a study of 10 lake basins using modern digital echolocation survey techniques and have also compiled and summarized published data for 15 lakes in the region,calculating their main morphometric *** has been established that many caldera lake basins are modified by young explosive funnels,extrusive or effusive domes,and exhibit traces of hydrothermal *** lakes of the same genetic type in the Kuril-Kamchatka region are similar in depth and depression forms,the group of caldera lakes shows less homogeneity across all morphometric *** was found that the absolute heights of the reservoirs on Kamchatka Peninsula are generally greater than those on the Kuril Islands,as is often the case with the size of their *** volcanic lakes under study can rapidly change their volume and shape under the influence of endogenous *** the first time for this region,on the base of repeated observations,underwater extrusive dome rate growth and the approximate rates of 2 lake level changes were *** observations of lakes in the Ksudach calderas(Kamchatka)and on Simushir Island indicate approximate rates of level changes:a decrease ranging within 0.5-0.6 m per year(over a 27-year observation interval)and an increase reaching up to 0.26 m per year(over a 48-year interval).The growth rate of the underwater extrusive dome in Lake Shtyubel has averaged 1-1.6 m per year over the past 25 *** analysis has facilitated the first generalization regarding the morphology and developmental features of crater and caldera lakes in the Kuril-Kamchatka region of Russia,representing an important step in their *** results obtained will provide a solid foundation for subsequent research in this region and may be of interest to researchers studying

关键词： Volcanic lakes Echolocation survey Volcanism Gashydrotherms Kamchatka Kuril Islands

Early Neoproterozoic Granite-Gneisses of the Junggar Alataw(Southeastern Kazakhstan):Age,Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 67-82页

作者： Nadezhda KANYGINA Andrey TRETYAKOV Dmitriy ALEXEIEV Kirill DEGTYAREV Anfisa SKOBLENKO Natalia SOLOSHENKO Boris ERMOLAEV Geological institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119017Russia A.N.Zavaritsky institute of geology and Geochemistry Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesYekaterinburg 620016Russia

The combined petrographic,petrological,geochemical and geochronological study of the Neoproterozoic gneisses of the Sarychabyn and Baskan complexes of the Junggar Alataw of South Kazakhstan elucidate the Precambrian tectonic evolution of the Aktau–Yili *** is one of the largest Precambrian crustal blocks in the western Central Asian orogenic *** U-Pb single-grain zircon ages indicate that granite-gneisses formed from the same source and crystallised in the early Neoproterozoic ca.930–920 *** chemical composition of gneisses corresponds to A2-type *** whole-rock Nd isotopic characteristics(εNd(t)=−4.9 to−1.0 and TNd(DM-2st)=1.9 to 1.7 Ga)indicate the involvement of Paleoproterozoic crustal rocks in magma *** Neoproterozoic ca.930–920 Ma A-type granitoids in the Aktau–Yili terrane of South and Central Kazakhstan might reflect within-plate magmatism adjacent to the collisional belt or a local extension setting in back-arc areas of the continental arc.

关键词： granitoid magmatism geochemistry geochronology Sm-Nd isotope systematics Neoproterozoic Junggar Alataw Kazakhstan Central Asian orogenic belt

Organic Matter Accumulation in the Upper Permian Dalong Formation from the Lower Yangtze Region,South China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 150-167页

作者： FANG Chaogang ZHANG Chengcheng MENG Guixi XU Jinlong XU Naicen LI Hualing LIU Mu LIU Bo institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Nanjing Center China Geological SurveyNanjing 210016China Exploration Research institute Anhui Provincial Bureau of Coal GeologyHefei 230088China China United Coalbed Methane Corporation Ltd. Beijing 100015China Geological Survey of Anhui Province Hefei 230001China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The Late Permian was marked by a series of important geological events and widespread organic-rich black shale depositions,acting as important unconventional hydrocarbon source ***,the mechanism of organic matter(OM)enrichment throughout this period is still *** on geochemical data,the marine redox conditions,paleogeographic and hydrographic environment,primary productivity,volcanism,and terrigenous input during the Late Permian in the Lower Yangtze region have been studied from the Putaoling section,Chaohu,to provide new insights into OM *** Phases are distinguished based on the TOC and environmental *** Phase I,anoxic conditions driven by water restriction enhanced OM *** Phase II,euxinic and cycling hydrological environments were the two most substantial controlling factors for the massive OM *** Phase III,intensified terrestrial input potentially diluted the OM in sediment and the presence of oxygen in bottom water weakened the preservation *** IV was characterized by a relatively higher abundance of mercury(Hg)and TOC(peak at 16.98 wt%),indicating that enhanced volcanism potentially stimulated higher productivity and a euxinic *** Phase V,extremely lean OM was preserved as a result of terrestrial dilutions and decreasing primary *** I,II and IV are characterized as the most prominent OM-rich zones due to the effective interactions of the controlling factors,namely paleogeographic,hydrographic environment,volcanism,and redox conditions.

关键词： geochemistry redox condition primary productivity OM accumulation Lopingian/Changhsingian Lower Yangtze region

The earliest evidence for a microblade adaptation in the remote,high altitude regions of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1561-1573页

作者： Yingshuai JIN Xiaoling ZHANG Shejiang WANG Junyi GE Wei HE Wa DA Yunyao TAN Ziyi YANG Christopher MORGAN Xing GAO institute of Vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Cultural Relics Conservation institute of the Xizang Autonomous Region Lhasa 850000China Nagqu Culture and Tourism Bureau Nagqu 852000China University of Nevada Reno 89557USA

Microblade assemblages are among the most common prehistoric archaeological materials found on the Tibetan Plateau(TP)and are thought to indicate large scale migration to and settlement of the *** microblade sites,however,have been systematically excavated,especially in the remotest,highest-elevation regions of the *** timing of the large-scale arrival,spread,and permanent settlement of people on the TP therefore remains *** this paper,we report on a recently excavated site,Locality 3 of the Nwya Devu Site(ND3),located at 4600 meters above sea level(masl),near the shore of Ngoin Lake,on the interior *** analyses reveal a fairly typical microblade technological orientation and two types of microblade cores:wedge-shaped and semi-conical,which are similar to those found throughout North *** Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL)dating and AMS^(14)C dating,the age of ND3 ranges from 11 to 10 *** date range indicates ND3 is the oldest microblade site yet recorded in the remote,high-elevation regions of the TP and thus provides important information about when and how hunter-gatherers using microblades began exploiting the higher altitudes of the *** together,studies at ND3 and throughout the TP suggest that a microblade adaptation is associated with the first prolonged human occupation of the plateau and that microblades played a significant role in mediating the risks and facilitating the mobility necessary to permanently inhabit the TP.

关键词： The interior of Tibetan Plateau Nwya Devu locality 3 Microblade Early Holocene High altitude adaption

Changes in Sediment Sources in the Southern Muddy Area of Weihai, China, Since the Late Pleistocene: A Record from Rare Earth Elements

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第5期23卷 1221-1232页

作者： ZHANG Zhichao LIU Jinqing YIN Ping CAO Ke FENG Xiaokun WANG Shengyu College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Marine geology School of Ocean and Earth Science Tongji University Qingdao institute of Marine geology China Geological Survey

The small muddy areas developed in the southern Shandong Peninsula have attracted increasing attention from researchers because of complex changes in sediment sources driven by sea-level fluctuations and land-sea interactions since the late Pleistocene. This study investigates the evolution of sediment sources and their responses to environmental changes since the late Pleistocene, using core WHZK01 collected from the nearshore muddy area in southern Weihai for rare earth element(REE) analysis. In doing so, this work highlights the changing patterns of material sources and the primary control factors. The results reveal that the sedimentary deposits in core WHZK01 exhibit distinct terrestrial characteristics. Discriminant function analysis(FD) and source discrimination diagrams both suggest that the primary sources of these deposits are the Yellow River and adjacent small and medium-sized rivers, although the sources vary among different sedimentary units. Furthermore, the DU3 layer(17.82 – 25.10 m) displays typical riverine sedimentation, dominated by terrestrial detrital input, primarily from the local rivers, namely the Huanglei and Muzhu Rivers. The material in the DU2 layer(14.91 – 17.82 m) is mainly influenced by a mixture of the Qinglong and Yellow Rivers. The DU1 layer(0 – 14.91 m) is influenced by sea-level changes during the Holocene, with the Yellow River being the primary source, although there is also some input from local rivers. The changes in sea level during the Holocene and the input of Yellow River material carried by the coastal currents of the Yellow Sea are identified as the main controlling factors for the changes in material sources in the study area since the late Pleistocene, with small and medium-sized rivers also exerting some influence on the material sources. The above mentioned findings not only contribute to a better understanding of the source-sink systems of the Yellow River and adjacent small and mediumsized rivers but also deepen

关键词： environmental evolution muddy area rare earth element source identification southern Weihai