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Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 50-51页

作者： Roger Castells-Graells Todd O.Yeates Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California UCLA-DOE institute for genomics and Proteomics

Proteins are exceedingly complex molecules though, at their heart, they are essentially linear polymers. Pull at their ends and one obtains an extended backbone. While that is true in most cases, some natural proteins... 详细信息

关键词： DESIGN

Exposure to sublethal concentration of flupyradifurone alters sexual behavior and cuticular hydrocarbon profile in Heriades truncorum,an oligolectic solitary bee

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 859-869页

作者： Samuel Boff Manfred Ayasse institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation genomics Ulm UniversityUlmGermany

The aboveground oligolectic bee,Heriades truncorum,is a particularly good model for studying the impact of pesticides on sexual communication,since some aspects of its mating behavior have previously been *** have tested(1)the interference of the pesticide flupyradifurone on male precopulatory behavior and male mating partner preferences,(2)the way that the pesticide interferes in male quality assessment by the female,and(3)the effects of the pesticide on the chemical compounds in the female *** exposed bees of both sexes to a sublethal concentration of *** behaviors were registered in a mating arena with two females(one unexposed and one exposed)and one male(either unexposed or exposed).Unexposed males were quicker to attempt to *** also impacted precopulatory behavior and male quality assessment by *** approached unexposed females more quickly than insecticideexposed *** exposed to insecticide produced lower amounts of some cuticular hydrocarbons(sex pheromone candidates)and appeared less choosy than unexposed *** findings suggest that insecticide exposure affects sexual communication,playing a role both in male preference and in male quality assessment by the female.

关键词： courtship display female choice flupyradifurone male partner preference sex communication sublethal effects

Odorant receptor orthologues from moths display conserved responses to cis-jasmone

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1107-1120页

作者： Xiao-Qing Hou Zhongqiang Jia Dan-Dan Zhang Guirong Wang Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSynthetic Biology Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory for biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina Department of biology Lund UniversityLundSweden

In insects,the odorant receptor(OR)multigene family evolves by the birth-and-death evolutionary model,according to which the OR repertoire of each species has undergone specific gene gains and losses depending on their chemical environment,resulting in taxon-specific OR lineage radiations with different sizes in the phylogenetic *** the general divergence in the gene family across different insect orders,the ORs in moths seem to be genetically conserved across species,clustered into 23 major clades containing multiple orthologous groups with single-copy gene from each *** hypothesized that ORs in these orthologous groups are tuned to ecologically important compounds and functionally ***-Jasmone is one of the compounds that not only primes the plant defense of neighboring receiver plants,but also functions as a behavior regulator to various *** test our hypothesis,using Xenopus oocyte recordings,we functionally assayed the orthologues of BmorOR56,which has been characterized as a specific receptor for *** results showed highly conserved response specificity of the BmorOR56 orthologues,with all receptors within this group exclusively responding to *** is supported by the dN/dS analysis,showing that strong purifying selection is acting on this ***,molecular docking showed that the ligand binding pockets of BmorOR56 orthologues to cis-jasmone are *** together,our results suggest the high conservation of OR for ecologically important compounds across Heterocera.

关键词： cis-jasmone evolutionary conservation functional characterization molec-ular docking moths purifying selection

Applications of genetic code expansion technology in eukaryotes

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Protein & Cell 2024年第5期15卷 331-363页

作者： Qiao-ru Guo Yu J.Cao State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China institute of Chemical biology Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 518132China

Unnatural amino acids(UAAs)have gained significant attention in protein engineering and drug development owing to their ability to introduce new chemical functionalities to *** eukaryotes,genetic code expansion(GCE)enables the incorporation of UAAs and facilitates posttranscriptional modification(PTM),which is not feasible in prokaryotic *** is also a powerful tool for cell or animal imaging,the monitoring of protein interactions in target cells,drug development,and switch ***,there is keen interest in utilizing GCE in eukaryotic *** review provides an overview of the application of GCE in eukaryotic systems and discusses current challenges that need to be addressed.

关键词： genetic code expansion unnatural amino acid eukaryotes basic research therapeutic applications

Phase separation of S-RNase promotes self-incompatibility in Petunia hybrida

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Journal of integrative Plant biology 2024年第5期66卷 986-1006页

作者： Huayang Tian Hongkui Zhang Huaqiu Huang Yu'e Zhang Yongbiao Xue The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biologythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beiing institute of genomics Chinese Academy of SciencesNational Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China

Self-incompatibility(SI)is an intraspecific reproductive barrier widely present in *** SI system with the broadest occurrence in angiosperms is based on an S-RNase linked to a cluster of multiple S-locus F-box(SLF)genes found in the Solanaceae,Plantaginaceae,Rosaceae,and *** studies reveal that non-self S-RNase is degraded by the Skip Cullin F-box(SCF)SLF-mediated ubiquitin–proteasome system in a collaborative manner in Petunia,but how self-RNase functions largely remains ***,we show that S-RNases form S-RNase condensates(SRCs)in the self-pollen tube cytoplasm through phase separation and the disruption of SRC formation breaks SI in self-incompatible Petunia *** further find that the pistil SI factors of a small asparagine-rich protein HT-B and thioredoxin h together with a reduced state of the pollen tube all promote the expansion of SRCs,which then sequester several actin-binding proteins,including the actin polymerization factor PhABRACL,the actin polymerization activity of which is reduced by S-RNase in ***,we find that S-RNase variants lacking condensation ability fail to recruit PhABRACL and are unable to induce actin foci formation required for pollen tube growth *** together,our results demonstrate that phase separation of S-RNase promotes SI response in ***,revealing a new mode of S-RNase action.

关键词： self-incompatibility S-RNase phase separation

Characteristics of cell motility during cell collision

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 72-77页

作者：马一凯李娜陈唯 State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China China National Center for Bioinformation Beijing 100101China National genomics Data Center Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Quantitative examination of cellular motion and intercellullar interactions possesses substantial relevance for both biology and ***,the effects of intercellular interactions during cellular locomotion remain under-explored in experimental *** such,this study seeks to bridge this research gap,adopting Dictyostelium discoideum(Dicty)cells as a paradigm to investigate variations in cellular motion during reciprocal *** aim to attain a comprehensive understanding of how cell interactions influence cell *** observing and processing the motion trajectories of colliding cells under diverse chemical environments,we calculated the diffusion coefficient(D)and the persistence time(τ),using mean square *** analysis of the relationship dynamics between D andτprior to the collisions reveals intricate and non-monotonic alterations in cell movements during *** quantitatively scrutinizing theτtrend,we were able to categorize the cellular responses to interactions under different ***,we ascertained that the effect of cell interactions during collisions in Dicty cells emulates a classical sigmoid *** discovery suggests that cellular responses might comply with a pattern akin to the Weber–Fechner law.

关键词： cell migration random walk cell-cell interaction

Spatial search weighting information contained in cell velocity distribution

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 522-528页

Cell migration plays a significant role in physiological and pathological *** the characteristics of cell movement is crucial for comprehending biological processes such as cell functionality,cell migration,and cell–cell *** of the fundamental characteristics of cell movement is the specific distribution of cell speed,containing valuable information that still requires comprehensive *** article investigates the distribution of mean velocities along cell trajectories,with a focus on optimizing the efficiency of cell food search in the context of the entire *** confirm that the specific velocity distribution in the experiments corresponds to an optimal search efficiency when spatial weighting is *** simulation results indicate that the distribution of average velocity does not align with the optimal search efficiency when employing average spatial ***,when considering the distribution of central spatial weighting,the specific velocity distribution in the experiment is shown to correspond to the optimal search *** simulations reveal that for any given distribution of average velocity,a specific central spatial weighting can be identified among the possible central spatial weighting that aligns with the optimal search ***,our work presents a method for determining the spatial weights embedded in the velocity distribution of cell *** results have provided new avenues for further investigation of significant topics,such as relationship between cell behavior and environmental conditions throughout their evolutionary history,and how cells achieve collective cooperation through cell-cell communication.

关键词： cell migration foraging efficiency random walk spatial search weight

Matrix metalloproteinase 2 degrades collagen I to regulate ovarian development by association with an insulin-like peptide

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1090-1106页

作者： Yi Wei Xiao-Lin Zhou Peng Chen Tai-Hang Liu Cheng Lu Min-Hui Pan State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome biology Southwest UniversityChongqingChina Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry Southwest UniversityChongqingChina Wenzhou institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

The ovary generally undergoes tissue remodeling during larval to pupal transition,which includes membrane degeneration and ovariole *** the same time,the hormones produced by insects significantly change during ***,the regulatory mechanism for ovarian development and hormones is not fully understood in ***,we found that matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP2)was highly expressed in the ovarian capsules and ovarioles,and the development was abnormal after knocking out MMP2 in Bombyx *** process of abnormal degradation of collagen I due to MMP2 deletion,which resulted in abnormal development of ovarioles and eggs,was analyzed in *** proteomics of ovaries in the MMP2-knock out and wild type strains showed a critically significant difference in the expression of a protein,insulin-like peptide(ILP).Additional analysis revealed significant alteration of ILP during ovarian development,and abnormal expression of ILP significantly affected ovarian development in vivo and MMP2 expression in vitro and in *** results showed that MMP2 regulation of ovarian tissue remodeling is closely related to ILP *** study provides new insights into the regulatory mechanism of MMP2 and ovarian development in ***.

关键词： Bombyx mori collagen I insulin-like peptide matrix metalloproteinase ovarian development

Low temperature-mediated repression and far-red light-mediated induction determine morning FLOWERING LOCUS T expression levels

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Journal of integrative Plant biology 2024年第1期66卷 103-120页

作者： Hayeon Kim Hye Won Kang Dae Yeon Hwang Nayoung Lee Akane Kubota Takato Imaizumi Young Hun Song Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of biology Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Korea Plant genomics and Breeding institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and TechnologyIkomaNara 630‐0192Japan Department of biology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA institute of Agricultural Life Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

In order to flower in the appropriate season,plants monitor light and temperature changes and alter downstream pathways that regulate florigen genes such as Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana)FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT).In Arabidopsis,FT messenger RNA levels peak in the morning and evening under natural long-day conditions(LDs).However,the regulatory mechanisms governing morning FT induction remain poorly *** morning FT peak is absent in typical laboratory LDs characterized by high red:far-red light(R:FR)ratios and constant ***,we demonstrate that ZEITLUPE(ZTL)interacts with the FT repressors TARGET OF EATs(TOEs),thereby repressing morning FT expression in natural *** LDs with simulated sunlight(R:FR=1.0)and daily temperature cycles,which are natural LD-mimicking environmental conditions,FT transcript levels in the ztl mutant were high specifically in the morning,a pattern that was mirrored in the toe1 toe2 double *** night-to-morning temperatures increased the inhibitory effect of ZTL on morning FT expression by increasing ZTL protein levels early in the ***-red light counteracted ZTL activity by decreasing its abundance(possibly via phytochrome A(phyA))while increasing GIGANTEA(GI)levels and negatively affecting the formation of the ZTL-GI complex in the ***,the phyA-mediated high-irradiance response and GI play pivotal roles in morning FT *** findings suggest that the delicate balance between low temperature-mediated ZTL activity and the far-red light-mediated functions of phyA and GI offers plants flexibility in fine-tuning their flowering time by controlling FT expression in the morning.

关键词： far-red light FLOWERING LOCUS T flowering time GIGANTEA low night-to-morning temperature natural long days phytochrome A red to far-red ratio ZEITLUPE