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Analysis and Study on Rock Desertification and Its Rehabilitation Landscapes in Guizhou Province

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Journal of Landscape Research 2014年第4期6卷 27-30页

作者： WEI Qingzhang JIAO Li Guizhou Bijie Rock desertification Management Center Guizhou Bijie institute of forestry Survey and Planning

On the basis of combining landscape planning theories and rock desertification,this study analyzed and sorted out types of rock desertification landscapes,major rehabilitation models for the rock desertification rehab... 详细信息

关键词： Karst areas Rock desertification landscape Rehabilitation landscape Guizhou Province

Phyllosticta capitalensis,a widespread endophyte of plants

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第3期60卷 91-105页

作者： Saowanee Wikee Lorenzo Lombard Pedro W.Crous Chiharu Nakashima Keiichi Motohashi Ekachai Chukeatirote Siti A.Alias Eric H.C.McKenzie Kevin D.Hyde School of science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiangrai 57100Thailand institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiangrai 57100Thailand CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtThe Netherlands Microbiology Department of BiologyUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CH UtrechtThe Netherlands Laboratory of Phytopathology Wageningen University and Research Centre(WUR)Droevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands Graduate School of Bioresources Mie UniversityKurima-machiya 1577TsuMie 514-8507Japan Electron Microscope Center Tokyo University of AgricultureSakuraoka 1-1-1SetagayaTokyo 156-8502Japan institute Ocean and Earth sciences Institute for Postgraduate StudiesUniversity MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Landcare Research Private Bag 92170Auckland Mail CentreAuckland 1142New Zealand

Phyllosticta capitalensis is an endophyte and weak plant pathogen with a worldwide distribution presently known from 70 plant *** study isolated *** from different host plants in northern Thailand,and determined their different life *** strains of *** were isolated as endophytes from 20 *** additional 30 strains of *** from other hosts and geographic locations were also obtained from established culture *** analysis using ITS,ACTand TEF gene data confirmed the identity of all *** tests with five strains of *** originating from different hosts were completed on their respective host *** all cases there was no infection of healthy leaves,indicating that this endophyte does not cause disease on healthy,unstressed host *** *** is often isolated as an endophyte has important implications in fungal biology and plant *** to its endophytic nature,*** commonly found associated with lesions of plants,and often incorrectly identified as a species of quarantine importance,which again has implications for trade in agricultural and forestry production.

关键词： Guignardia Leaf spot Morphology Molecular phylogeny Quarantine

Soil acidification in China’s forests due to atmospheric acid deposition from 1980 to 2050

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science Bulletin 2022年第9期67卷 914-917,M0003页

作者： Qiongyu Zhang Jianxing Zhu Qiufeng Wang Li Xu Mingxu Li Guanhua Dai Jan Mulder Yue Xi Nianpeng He Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Faculty of Environmental sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅs 1431Norway Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesYanbian 133613China Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150000China

A stable soil pH is essential for maintaining the structure and functions of ecosystems[1].In previous decades,the development model of high energy consumption has rapidly increased the emission of acid *** has not only resulted in the direct input of acidity into the soil but also in the production of acidity through elements cycling,both of which produce protons(Fig.S1 online)[2].Recent studies have shown that atmospheric acid deposition has decreased by more than half compared with that during the *** decrease in acid deposition in Europe and North-America has resulted in recovery of soil acidification[3].

关键词：恢复措施土壤酸化大气沉降酸沉降可持续发展长期监测污染控制氮沉降

A high-quality genome provides insights into the new taxonomic status and genomic characteristics of Cladopus chinensis(Podostemaceae)

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2246-2261页

作者： Ting Xue Xuehai Zheng Duo Chen Limin Liang Nan Chen Zhen Huang Wenfang Fan Jiannan Chen Wan Cen Shuai Chen Jinmao Zhu Binghua Chen Xingtan Zhang Youqiang Chen Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable UtilizationKey Laboratory of Developmental and Neural BiologyCollege of Life SciencesFujian Normal UniversityFuzhouChina Center of Engineering Technology Research for Microalga Germplasm Improvement of Fujian Southern Institute of OceanographyFujian Normal UniversityFuzhouChina College of Fine Arts Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhouChina FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems BiologyKey Laboratory of GeneticsBreeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsMinistry of EducationFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina

The Podostemaceae are ecologically and morphologically unusual aquatic angiosperms that survive only in rivers with pristine hydrology and high water quality and are at a relatively high risk of *** taxonomic status of Podostemaceae has always been ***,we report the first high-quality genome assembly for Cladopus chinensis of Podostemaceae,obtained by incorporating Hi-C,Illumina and PacBio *** generated an 827.92 Mb genome with a contig N50 of 1.42 Mb and 27,370 annotated protein-coding *** assembled genome size was close to the estimated size,and 659.42 Mb of the assembly was assigned to 29 superscaffolds(scaffold N5021.22 Mb).A total of 59.20%repetitive sequences were identified,among which long terminal repeats(LTRs)were the most abundant class(28.97%of the genome).Genome evolution analysis suggested that the divergence time of Cladopus chinensis(106 Mya)was earlier than that of Malpighiales(82 Mya)and that this taxon diverged into an independent branch of Podestemales.A recent whole-genome duplication(WGD)event occurred 4.43 million years *** genomic analysis revealed that the expansion and contraction of oxidative phosphorylation,photosynthesis and isoflavonoid metabolism genes in Cladopus chinensis are probably related to the genomic characteristics of this growing submerged *** analysis revealed that upregulated genes in the shoot group compared to the root group were enriched in the NAC gene family and transcription factors associated with shoot development and defense responses,including WUSCHEL(WUS),ASYMMETRIC LEAVES(ASL),SHOOT MERISTEMLESS(STM),NAC2,NAC8,NAC29,NAC47,NAC73,NAC83 and *** findings provide new insights into the genomic diversity of unusual aquatic angiosperms and serve as a valuable reference for the taxonomic status and unusual shoot apical meristem of Podostemaceae.

关键词： characteristics metabolism submerged

Words from the Guest Editor-in-Chief

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Plant Diversity 2016年第5期38卷 207-208页

作者： weibang sun Kunming Botanical Garden Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesChina

PSESP(Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations)is a new concept developed to rescue the most globally threatened plant *** first appeared in'Proposal for the Extremely Small Population protection project for the endemic plants and animals of Yunnan',a report submitted to China's State forestry Administration(SFA)through the Yunnan forestry Department(YFD)in *** September 2009,four years after the launch of the project。

关键词： Words from the Guest Editor-in-Chief

Progress report on the study of wood-decaying fungi in China

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Chinese science Bulletin 2012年第33期57卷 4328-4335页

作者： ZHOU LiWei DAI YuCheng State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110164 China

This study addressed three important aims:(1) undermining the previously obtained raw data about wood-decaying fungi(WDF) distribution and continuously investigating permanent plots to address certain scientific questions in ecology,(2) resolving the higher-level phylogeny of WDF with the help of multiple loci,and(3) testing and estimating the medicinal values of species that are closely related to well-known medicinal *** than 1200 species and 2469 strains of WDF in China were identified from 28908 specimens collected from a series of field *** these materials,studies in multiple disciplines,such as ecology,taxonomy and phylogeny,and medicine,have been *** respect to ecology,the diversity of wood-decaying polypores significantly differed among a boreal forest zone,a temperate and warm temperate forest zone,and a tropical and subtropical forest *** instance,from north to south,the number and proportion of brown-rot species and the proportion of species found on fallen trunks were both *** ecological patterns of wood-decaying polypores on gymnosperm and angiosperm trees were also explored by a case study in Northeast *** the total species richness was similar between the two tree groups,several other characteristics were significantly different,such as community structure and richness in certain *** taxonomy and phylogeny of wide samples were referred to and their phylogenetic positions were resolved or at least partially *** particular,phylogenetic knowledge about four genera,Fomitiporia,Ganoderma,Inonotus and Perenniporia,which include medicinal species,was essential for further research to determine the medicinal values of these types of *** these medicinal species,we mainly focused on Inonotus obliquus for its medicinal ***,polysaccharides and lanostane-type triterpenoids,extracted from the sterile conk of this species,could dramatically decrease levels o

关键词：中国东北地区木材腐朽菌系统发育地位物种丰富度 DPPH自由基药用价值羟基自由基进度

Perceptions of Climate Change, Sea Level Rise, and Possible Consequences Relate Mainly to Self-Valuation of science Knowledge

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Energy and Power Engineering 2016年第5期8卷 250-262页

作者： Joanna Burger Michael Gochfeld Taryn Pittfield Christian Jeitner Division of Life sciences Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA Environmental and Occupational Health sciences institute Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA Environmental and Occupational Medicine Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA Ecology and Evolution Graduate Program Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ USA

This study examines perceptions of climate change and sea level rise in New Jersey residents in 2012 and 2014. Different surveys have shown declines in interest and concern about climate change and sea level rise. Climate change and increasing temperatures have an anthropogenic cause, which relates to energy use, making it important to examine whether people believe that it is occurring. In late 2012 New Jersey experienced Super storm Sandy, one of the worst hurricanes in its history, followed by public discussion and media coverage of stronger more frequent storms due to climate change. Using structured interviews, we tested the null hypotheses that there were no differences in perceptions of 1260 interviewees as a function of year of the survey, age, gender, years of education, and self-evaluation of science knowledge (on a scale of 1 to 5). In 2012 460 of 639 (72%) rated “global warming occurring” as “certain” (#4) or “very certain” (#5) compared with 453 of 621 (73%) in 2014. For “due to human activities” the numbers of “certain” or “very certain” were 71% in 2012, and 67% in 2014 and for sea level rise the numbers were 64% and 70%. There were some inconsistent between-year differences with higher ratings in 2012 for 3 outcomes and higher ratings in 2014 for 5 outcomes. However, for 25 questions relative to climate change, sea level rise, and the personal and ecological effects of sea level rise, self-evaluation of science knowledge, independent of years of education, was the factor that entered 23 of the models, accounting for the most variability in ratings. People who believed they had a “high knowledge” (#4) or “very high knowledge” (#5) of science rated all issues as more important than did those people who rated their own scientific knowledge as average or below average.

关键词： Perception Decline Climate Change Sea Level Rise Knowledge Level

Large-diameter trees dominate snag and surface biomass following reintroduced fire

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 475-487页

作者： James A.Lutz Soren Struckman Tucker J.Furniss C.Alina Cansler Sara J.Germain Larissa *** Darren J.McAvoy Crystal A.Kolden Alistair M.S.Smith Mark E.Swanson Andrew J.Larson Department of Wildland Resources S.J.and Jessie E.Quinney College of Natural ResourcesUtah State University5230 Old Main HillLoganUtah 84322-5230USA School of Environmental and Forest sciences University of WashingtonBox 352100SeattleWashington 98195USA Management of Complex Systems University of CaliforniaMerced5200 North Lake RoadMercedCalifornia 95343USA Department of Forest Rangelandand Fire SciencesCollege of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Idaho875 Perimeter DriveMoscowIdaho 83844-1133USA School of the Environment Washington State UniversityBox 646410PullmanWashington 99164-6420USA Wilderness institute W.A.Franke College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of Montana32 Campus DriveMissoulaMontana 59812USA

The reintroduction of fire to landscapes where it was once common is considered a priority to restore historical forest dynamics,including reducing tree density and decreasing levels of woody biomass on the forest ***,reintroducing fire causes tree mortality that can have unintended ecological outcomes related to woody biomass,with potential impacts to fuel accumulation,carbon sequestration,subsequent fire severity,and forest *** this study,we examine the interplay between fire and carbon dynamics by asking how reintroduced fire impacts fuel accumulation,carbon sequestration,and subsequent fire severity *** pre-fire,and continuing 6 years post-fire,we tracked all live,dead,and fallen trees≥1 cm in diameter and mapped all pieces of deadwood(downed woody debris)originating from tree boles≥10 cm diameter and≥1 m in length in 25.6 ha of an Abies concolor/Pinus lambertiana forest in the central Sierra Nevada,California,*** also tracked surface fuels along 2240 m of planar transects pre-fire,immediately post-fire,and 6 years *** years after moderate-severity fire,deadwood≥10 cm diameter was 73 Mg ha^(−1),comprised of 32 Mg ha^(−1) that persisted through fire and 41 Mg ha^(−1) of newly fallen wood(compared to 72 Mg ha^(−1) pre-fire).woody surface fuel loading was spatially heterogeneous,with mass varying almost four orders of magnitude at the scale of 20 m×20 m quadrats(minimum,0.1 Mg ha^(−1);mean,73 Mg ha^(−1);maximum,497 Mg ha^(−1)).wood from large-diameter trees(≥60 cm diameter)comprised 57%of surface fuel in 2019,but was 75%of snag biomass,indicating high contributions to current and future fuel *** of fire does not consume all large-diameter fuel and generates high levels of surface fuels≥10 cm diameter within 6 *** fires are needed to reduce surface fuel loading.

关键词： California Rim Fire Fuel reduction Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer Smithsonian ForestGEO Yosemite Forest Dynamics Plot Yosemite National Park

Fungal genus Hypocrea/Trichoderma:from barcodes to biodiversity

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第10期9卷 753-763页

作者： Christian P.KUBICEK Monika KOMON-ZELAZOWSKA Irina S.DRUZHININA institute of Chemical Engineering Research Area Gene Technology and Applied Biochemistry Vienna University of TechnologyGetreidemarkt 9/E1665A-1060 ViennaAustria institute of Chemical Engineering Research Area Gene Technology and Applied BiochemistryVienna University of TechnologyGetreidemarkt 9/E1665A-1060 ViennaAustria

Hypocrea/Trichoderma is a genus of soil-borne or wood-decaying fungi containing members important to mankind as producers of industrial enzymes and biocontrol agents against plant pathogens, but also as opportunistic pathogens of immuno- compromised humans and animals, while others can cause damage to cultivated mushroom. With the recent advent of a reliable, BarCode-aided identification system for all known taxa of Trichoderma and Hypocrea, it became now possible to study some of the biological fundamentals of the diversity in this fungal genus in more detail. In this article, we will therefore review recent progress in (1) the understanding of the geographic distribution of individual taxa; (2) mechanisms of speciation leading to development of mushroom diseases and facultative human mycoses; and (3) the possible correlation of specific traits of secondary metabolism and molecular phylogeny.

关键词： Hypocrea/Trichoderma Biogeography Biodiversity Facultative human opportunists Peptaibols Mushroom pathogens