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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第6期26卷 40-49页

作者：徐晓芳孙萌宋勤龙吴璇陈冲冲陈强张海宝 Laboratory of Plasma physics and Materials Beijing Institute of Graphic CommunicationBeijing 102600People’s Republic of China

Ammonia is one of the most important chemical raw materials in both manufacture and life of *** Haber-Bosch method for ammonia synthesis involves high temperature and high pressure conditions,leading to significant energy consumption and environmental ***-thermal plasma(NTP) is a promising alternative approach to ammonia synthesis at low temperature and atmospheric *** this study,the synergistic effect of nanosecond pulsed dielectric barrier discharge(np-DBD) and Ni-MOF-74 catalyst was investigated in ammonia synthesis by utilizing nitrogen and hydrogen as *** results demonstrated that the plasma catalytic-synthesis process parameters play a crucial role in the synthesis process of *** highest ammonia synthesis rate of 5145.16 μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)with an energy efficiency of 1.27 g·kWh^(-1)was observed in the presence of the Ni-MOF-74 catalyst,which was3.7 times higher than that without Ni-MOF-74 *** synergistic effect of Ni-MOF-74catalyst and nanosecond pulsed plasma was explored by in-situ plasma discharge diagnostics.

关键词： ammonia synthesis low-temperature plasma nanosecond pulsed power source Ni-MOF-74

Mn single-atoms decorated CNT electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4039-4046页

作者： Qian Rong Chao Yuwen Yingkai Liu Yuanrong Liu Chunyang Wang Yang Wang Ding Zhang Zhen Wen Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Technology Institute of Physics and Electronic InformationYunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500China Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Department of physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA School of Materials Science and Engineering National Institute for Advanced MaterialsSmart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science CenterNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials(FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Developing highly robust and efficient electrode materials is of critical importance to promoting the energy density of current supercapacitors for ***,we report an efficient catalyst with monodispersed Mn single-atoms embedded in carbon nanotubes(Mn-CNTs)for enhancing the electrode performance of supercapacitors.A high specific capacitance(1523.6 F·g^(-1) at 1.0 A·g^(-1))can be achieved,which is about twice as high as the specific capacitance of the electrode material without the introduction of Mn ***,the asymmetric electrochemical capacitor created with Mn-CNT and activated carbon exhibits a high energy density of 180.8 Wh·kg^(-1) at a power density of 1.4 kW·kg^(-1),much higher than most reported *** study shows that the integration of Mn atoms into the CNT can enhance the charge transport capacity and the number of polar active sites of Mn-CNT and then facilitate chemical interactions between Mn-CNT and OH-.This work provides a novel strategy to enable high-energy storage in supercapacitors by introducing single-atoms into carbon nanotubes to improve electrodes’energy density and cycle life.

关键词： carbon nanotube(CNT) supercapacitor single-atoms power density energy density

Laser-induced graphene-coated wearable smart textile electrodes for biopotentials signal monitoring

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2024年第1期18卷 95-111页

作者： C.M.Vidhya Yogita Maithani Sakshi Kapoor J.P.Singh Department of physics Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz KhasNew Delhi 110016India

This paper describes how to produce a wearable dry electrode at a reasonable cost and how to use it for the monitoring of biopotentials in *** textiles in wearable technologies have made a great advancement in the health care management and living standards of *** was manufactured using the low-cost single-step process,laser ablation of polyimide,a commercial *** dispersions were made using solvent isopropyl alcohol which has low boiling point,nontoxicity,and environmental *** successive coating of the graphene dispersion on the cotton fabric to make it conductive,the sheet resistance of the resulting fabric dropped to 3% of its initial *** laser-induced graphene(LIG)cotton dry electrodes thus manufactured are comparable to Ag/AgCl wet electrodes in terms of the skin-to-electrode impedance,measuring between 78.0 and 7.2 kΩ for the frequency between 40 Hz and 1 *** LIG cotton electrode displayed a signal-to-noise ratio of 20.17 *** to its comfort,simplicity,and good performance over a longer period of time,the textile electrode appears suited for medical applications.

关键词： biopotential electrocardiogram electromyogram flexible electrode textile porous graphene

Development and application of photocatalytic coating for roadside NO_(x) mitigation in Hong Kong

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 153-157页

作者： Xinwei Li Pengge Wang Shuwen Han Yu Huang Wingkei Ho Steven Sai Hang Ho Shun-cheng Lee Meng Wang Department of Civil and environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(SKLLQG)and Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and physics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China Department of Science and environmental Studies The Education University of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512United States

A facile chemical method for the development of photocatalytic coating products was proposed based on practical application perspective for the Hong Kong roadside nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))***_(2)-based photocatalytic coating PC-C film with crystallized size of around 5–6 nm was synthesized with the peptization of H_(2)O_(2).The PC-C coating possesses a super-hydrophilicity surface and is proven to have a NO_(x)degradation rate of 46.8%with an optimum pH level of *** addition,the PC-C coating presents a promising photocatalytic NO_(x)degradation compared with other commercially available coating products and P25 when applied on two building materials of poly-methyl methacrylate(PMMA)and concrete surface.A weather resistance simulation and a 180-day on-site field trial were carried out the attenuation effects of photocatalytic coating applied in outdoor *** on epidemiological estimation and field investigation,hospital admissions for respiratory diseases(HARD)and mortality cases(MC)could be reduced with the application of PC-C coating along the street *** work demonstrates the feasibility of air pollution control measures for the local roadside NO_(x)using photocatalytic technology,offering promising health benefits with environmental remediation.

关键词： Photocatalysis Coating NO_(x) mitigation Hong Kong Roadside

A Neural-network-based Alternative Scheme to Include Nonhydrostatic Processes in an Atmospheric Dynamical Core

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1083-1099,I0002,I0003页

作者： Yang XIA Bin WANG Lijuan LI Li LIU Jianghao LI Li DONG Shiming XU Yiyuan LI Wenwen XIA Wenyu HUANG Juanjuan LIU Yong WANG Hongbo LIU Ye PU Yujun HE Kun XIA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling and Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Group 311020008 Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong LaboratoryZhuhai 519000China Shanghai Ecological Forecasting and remote sensing Center Shanghai 200030China Key Laboratory of Earth System Modeling and Prediction China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China College of Ocean Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Here,a nonhydrostatic alternative scheme(NAS)is proposed for the grey zone where the nonhydrostatic impact on the atmosphere is evident but not large enough to justify the necessity to include an implicit nonhydrostatic solver in an atmospheric dynamical *** NAS is designed to replace this solver,which can be incorporated into any hydrostatic models so that existing well-developed hydrostatic models can effectively serve for a longer *** advances in machine learning(ML)provide a potential tool for capturing the main complicated nonlinear-nonhydrostatic *** this study,an ML approach called a neural network(NN)was adopted to select leading input features and develop the *** NNs were trained and evaluated with 12-day simulation results of dry baroclinic-wave tests by the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)*** forward time difference of the nonhydrostatic tendency was used as the target variable,and the five selected features were the nonhydrostatic tendency at the last time step,and four hydrostatic variables at the current step including geopotential height,pressure in two different forms,and potential temperature,***,a practical NAS was developed with these features and trained layer by layer at a 20-km horizontal resolution,which can accurately reproduce the temporal variation and vertical distribution of the nonhydrostatic *** by the NN-based NAS,the improved hydrostatic solver at different horizontal resolutions can run stably for at least one month and effectively reduce most of the nonhydrostatic errors in terms of system bias,anomaly root-mean-square error,and the error of the wave spatial pattern,which proves the feasibility and superiority of this scheme.

关键词： neural network nonhydrostatic alternative scheme atmospheric model dynamical core

Strain-enhanced polarization sensitivity inβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)photodetector

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 126-137页

作者： Yonghui Zhang Huili Liang Fei Xing Qiqian Gao Yu Feng Yuping Sun Zengxia Mei School of physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China institute of physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Polarization-sensitive photodetection and imaging have great application value in fields such as polarization division multiplexing optical communication,remote sensing,near-field imaging and military *** a high polarization ratio has always been the research hotspot in polarization-sensitive *** this paper,we report a compression strain enhanced polarization ratio inβ-gallium oxide(β-Ga_(2)O_(3))single crystal flake.A rigorous crystallographic analysis confirmed its high crystalline quality and ***-resolved polarization Raman spectroscopy(ARPRS)was adopted to study the anisotropy of its optical *** ARPRS measurements and theoretical calculation consistently demonstrate the strong optical anisotropy in the high-qualityβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)flake.A polarization ratio of 0.96 was obtained in the flatβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)***,mechanical strain of±0.7%was introduced intoβ-Ga_(2)O_(3).An increased polarization ratio of 0.98 was achieved in the case of 0.7%compression strain,which is,to the best of our knowledge,the highest value for UVC polarization-sensitive *** corresponds to an improved polarization rejection ratio of *** work proposed a new path towards improving polarization sensitivity by applying strain engineering in the active material.

关键词： gallium oxide polarization photodetector anisotropy strain

Severe Global environmental Issues Caused by Canada’s Record-Breaking Wildfires in 2023

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 565-571页

作者： Zhe WANG Zifa WANG Zhiyin ZOU Xueshun CHEN Huangjian WU Wending WANG Hang SU Fang LI Wenru XU Zhihua LIU Jiaojun ZHU State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

Due to the record-breaking wildfires that occurred in Canada in 2023,unprecedented quantities of air pollutants and greenhouse gases were released into the *** wildfires had emitted more than 1.3 Pg CO_(2)and 0.14 Pg CO_(2)equivalent of other greenhouse gases(GHG)including CH4 and N_(2)O as of 31 *** wildfire-related GHG emissions constituted more than doubled Canada’s planned cumulative anthropogenic emissions reductions in 10 years,which represents a significant challenge to climate mitigation *** model simulations showed that the Canadian wildfires impacted not only the local air quality but also that of most areas in the northern hemisphere due to long-range transport,causing severe PM_(2.5)pollution in the northeastern United States and increasing daily mean PM_(2.5)concentration in northwestern China by up to 2μg *** observed maximum daily mean PM_(2.5)concentration in New York City reached 148.3μg m-3,which was their worst air quality in more than 50 years,nearly 10 times that of the air quality guideline(i.e.,15μg m-3)issued by the World Health Organization(WHO).Aside from the direct emissions from forest fires,the peat fires beneath the surface might smolder for several months or even longer and release substantial amounts of CO_(2).The substantial amounts of greenhouse gases from forest and peat fires might contribute to the positive feedback to the climate,potentially accelerating global *** better understand the comprehensive environmental effects of wildfires and their interactions with the climate system,more detailed research based on advanced observations and Earth System Models is essential.

关键词： Canada forest fire greenhouse gases PM_(2.5) transboundary air pollution

Design and optimization of fluid lubricated bearings operated with extreme working performances——a comprehensive review

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 325-376页

作者： Guohua Zhang Ming Huang Gangli Chen Jiasheng Li Yang Liu Jianguo He Yueqing Zheng Siwei Tang Hailong Cui institute of Machinery Manufacturing Technology China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyangSichuan 621999People’s Republic of China

Fluid lubricated bearings have been widely adopted as support components for high-end equipment in metrology,semiconductor devices,aviation,strategic defense,ultraprecision manufacturing,medical treatment,and power *** all these applications,the equipment must deliver extreme working performances such as ultraprecise movement,ultrahigh rotation speed,ultraheavy bearing loads,ultrahigh environmental temperatures,strong radiation resistance,and high vacuum operation,which have challenged the design and optimization of reliable fluid lubricated *** of any related bottlenecks will promote the development course of high-end *** promote the advancement of high-end equipment,this paper reviews the design and optimization of fluid lubricated bearings operated at typical extreme working performances,targeting the realization of extreme working performances,current challenges and solutions,underlying deficiencies,and promising developmental *** paper can guide the selection of suitable fluid lubricated bearings and optimize their structures to meet their required working performances.

关键词： fluid lubricated bearings structural design performance optimization extreme working performances

High-Q resonant terahertz metasurfaces

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第4期7卷 1-3页

作者： Manukumara Manjappa Yuri Kivshar Department of Instrumentation and Applied physics Indian Institute of ScienceBengaluru 560012India Nonlinear physics Center Australian National UniversityCanberra ACT 2601Australia

In photonics, the quest for high-quality (high Q) resonances driven by the physics of bound states in the continuum (BIC)1,2has motivated researchers to explore innovative avenues for realizing groundbreaking applications in lasing3, sensing4and nonlinear photonics5. A conventional strategy to harness the properties of BICs involves breaking the symmetry of resonators in a uniform lattice, allowing uncoupled modes to interact with free space that opens a leaky channel in the form of socalled (quasi) q BIC6modes.

关键词： breaking resonant symmetry

Heterostructure Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP catalyst assembled membrane electrode for high-efficiency electrocatalytic nitrate to ammonia

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4872-4881页

作者： Meng Jin Jiafang Liu Xian Zhang Shengbo Zhang Wenyi Li Dianding Sun Yunxia Zhang Guozhong Wang Haimin Zhang Laboratory of Materials physics Centre for Environmental and Energy NanomaterialsAnhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Solid State PhysicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Anhui Contango New Energy Technology Co. Ltd.Hefei 230031China

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR)is a promising means for generating the energy carrier ***,we report the synthesis of heterostructure copper-nickel phosphide electrocatalysts via a simple vapor-phase hydrothermal *** resultant catalysts were evaluated for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia(NH_(3))in three-type electrochemical *** detail,the regulation mechanism of the heterogeneous Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP-x for NO_(3)RR performance was systematically studied through the H-type cell,rotating disk electrode setup,and membrane-electrode-assemblies(MEA)*** a result,the Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP-0.5 displays the practicability in an MEA system with an anion exchange membrane,affording the largest ammonia yield rate(RNH_(3))of 1.9 mmol·h^(−1)·cm^(−2),exceeding most of the electrocatalytic nitrate reduction electrocatalysts reported to *** theoretical calculations and in-situ spectroscopy characterizations uncover that the formed heterointerface in Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP is beneficial for promoting nitrate adsorption,activation,and conversion to ammonia through the successive hydrodeoxygenation pathway.

关键词： electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia three-type reactors membrane-electrode-assemblies system operando ATR-IRRAS successive hydrodeoxygenation pathway