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Spatiotemporal changes in sunshine duration and its influential factors in Chongqing,China from 1961 to 2020

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 2005-2024页

作者： LI Jun XIA Hongxuan JIANG Jinge XU Weifeng WEN Di XU Junfeng College of Geography and Tourism Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Key Laboratory of GIS Application of Chongqing Chongqing 401331China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and environmental remote sensing in Three Gorges Reservoir area Chongqing 401331China institute of remote sensing and Earth Sciences School of Institute of Remote Sensing and Earth SciencesSchool of ScienceHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China

The surface solar radiation in most parts of the world has undergone a phenomenon known as global dimming and brightening,characterized by an initial decrease followed by an increase.As a result,the sunshine duration(SD)has decreased in the past 60 years.Against the backdrop of global dimming and brightening,SD has decreased to varying degrees in many regions of China.Using the observed data of SD,cloud amount(total cloud amount and low cloud amount,abbreviated as TCA and LCA),precipitation,and relative humidity(RH)from 34 meteorological stations in Chongqing during the period of 1961-2020,along with a digital elevation model(DEM)with a resolution of 90 m,this study analyzed the spatiotemporal variations and influencing factors of SD.The analysis employed methods such as linear regression,Mann-Kendall test,wavelet transformation,and DEM-based possible SD distributed model.The results showed that the annual SD in Chongqing has significantly decreased over the last 60 years,with a decreasing interannual trend rate(ITR)of 40.4 h/10a.Except for no obvious trend in spring,SD decreased significantly in summer,autumn and winter at the ITR of 21.1 h/10a,8.5 h/10a and 7.5 h/10a,respectively.An abrupt decrease in the annual SD was found in 1979.The difference before and after the abrupt decrease was 177.7 h.The difference before and after the abrupt decrease was 177.7 h.The annual SD possessed the oscillation period of 11a.The spatial heterogeneity of the mean annual SD during the last 60 years was obvious.The distribution of SD in Chongqing is high in the northeast and low in the southeast.In addition,about 73%of the total area in Chongqing showed a significant and very significant decreasing trend.The regions with significant changes are mainly concentrated in the regions with altitudes of 200~1000 m.The increasing LCA was the main cause of the decrease of the annual SD in the regions with 200-400 m altitude decreased the most and changed the most.Increasing LCA is the primary cause of the reduction in annual SD,showing

关键词： Sunshine duration Spatiotemporal changes Mann-Kendall test Wavelet analysis Geodetector model

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Arctic Sea Ice Variations in the First Half of the 20th Century:A New Reconstruction Based on Hydrometeorological Data

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1483-1495+1686-1693页

作者： Vladimir A.SEMENOV Tatiana A.ALDONINA Fei LI Noel Sebastian KEENLYSIDE Lin WANG A.M.Obukhov institute of Atmospheric physics RAS institute of Geography RAS Geophysical institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research Nansen environmental and remote sensing Center Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

The shrinking Arctic sea-ice area（SIA） in recent decades is a striking manifestation of the ongoing climate change.Variations of the Arctic sea ice have been continuously observed by satellites since 1979, relatively well monitored since the 1950s, but are highly uncertain in the earlier period due to a lack of observations. Several reconstructions of the historical gridded sea-ice concentration（SIC） data were recently presented based on synthesized regional sea-ice observations or by applying a hybrid model–empirical approach. Here, we present an SIC reconstruction for the period1901–2019 based on established co-variability between SIC and surface air temperature, sea surface temperature, and sea level pressure patterns. The reconstructed sea-ice data for March and September are compared to the frequently used Had ISST1.1 and SIBT1850 datasets. Our reconstruction shows a large decrease in SIA from the 1920 to 1940 concurrent with the Early 20th Century Warming event in the Arctic. Such a negative SIA anomaly is absent in Had ISST1.1 data. The amplitude of the SIA anomaly reaches about 0.8 mln km2in March and 1.5 mln km2in September. The anomaly is about three times stronger than that in the SIBT1850 dataset. The larger decrease in SIA in September is largely due to the stronger SIC reduction in the western sector of the Arctic Ocean in the 70°–80°N latitudinal zone. Our reconstruction provides gridded monthly data that can be used as boundary conditions for atmospheric reanalyses and model experiments to study the Arctic climate for the first half of the 20th century.

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Functional dissimilarity in mixed forests promotes stem radial growth by mitigating tree water deficit

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 55-57页

作者：张宏图艾尤尔.亥热提白云旻郭焱培李珊 Bernhard Schmid Helge Bruelheide 马克平唐志尧 institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of EducationPeking University College of Geography and Tourism Xinjiang Normal University State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Geography Remote Sensing LaboratoriesUniversity of Zurich institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig

Tree growth is a key component of forest ecosystem functioning and is wellknown to be limited by water availability[1]. It is acknowledged that composition and diversity of co-occurring tree species can mitigate the influence of drought on tree growth through the resource complementarity for water use via niche partitioning and facilitation between different species [2,3].

关键词： RESILIENCE

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Toward Establishing a Low-cost UAV Coordinated Carbon Observation Network(LUCCN):First Integrated Campaign in China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 1-7页

作者： Dongxu YANG Tonghui ZHAO Lu YAO Dong GUO Meng FAN Xiaoyu REN Mingge LI Kai WU Jing WANG Zhaonan CAI Sisi WANG Jiaxu GUO Liangfu CHEN Yi LIU Carbon Neutrality Research Center(CNRC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmospheric physics and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of remote sensing Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National remote sensing Center of China Beijing 100036China The Administrative Center for China’s Agenda 21 Beijing 100862China

In this study,we introduce our newly developed measurement-fed-perception self-adaption Low-cost UAV Coordinated Carbon Observation Network(LUCCN)prototype.The LUCCN primarily consists of two categories of instruments,including ground-based and UAV-based in-situ measurement.We use the GMP343,a low-cost non-dispersive infrared sensor,in both ground-based and UAV-based instruments.The first integrated measurement campaign took place in Shenzhen,China,4 May 2023.During the campaign,we found that LUCCN’s UAV component presented significant data-collecting advantages over its ground-based counterpart owing to the relatively high altitudes of the point emission sources,which was especially obvious at a gas power plant in Shenzhen.The emission flux was calculated by a crosssectional flux(CSF)method,the results of which differed from the Open-Data Inventory for Anthropogenic Carbon dioxide(ODIAC).The CSF result was slightly larger than others because of the low sampling rate of the whole emission cross section.The LUCCN system will be applied in future carbon monitoring campaigns to increase the spatiotemporal coverage of carbon emission information,especially in scenarios involving the detection of smaller-scale,rapidly varying sources and sinks.

关键词： CO_(2) measurement networks power station carbon emission cross-sectional flux method

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Projecting Spring Consecutive Rainfall Events in the Three Gorges Reservoir Based on Triple-Nested Dynamical Downscaling

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1539-1558页

作者： Yanxin ZHENG Shuanglin LI Noel KEENLYSIDE Shengping HE Lingling SUO Department of Atmospheric Science CMA-CUG Joint Centre for Severe Weather and Climate and Hydro-geological Hazards China University of Geosciences Geophysical institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research institute of Atmospheric physics and Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Three Gorges National Climatological Observatory Nansen environmental and remote sensing Center and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Spring consecutive rainfall events(CREs) are key triggers of geological hazards in the Three Gorges Reservoir area(TGR), China. However, previous projections of CREs based on the direct outputs of global climate models(GCMs) are subject to considerable uncertainties, largely caused by their coarse resolution. This study applies a triple-nested WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting) model dynamical downscaling, driven by a GCM, MIROC6(Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate, version 6), to improve the historical simulation and reduce the uncertainties in the future projection of CREs in the TGR. Results indicate that WRF has better performances in reproducing the observed rainfall in terms of the daily probability distribution, monthly evolution and duration of rainfall events, demonstrating the ability of WRF in simulating CREs. Thus, the triple-nested WRF is applied to project the future changes of CREs under the middle-of-the-road and fossil-fueled development scenarios. It is indicated that light and moderate rainfall and the duration of continuous rainfall spells will decrease in the TGR, leading to a decrease in the frequency of CREs. Meanwhile, the duration, rainfall amount, and intensity of CREs is projected to regional increase in the central-west TGR. These results are inconsistent with the raw projection of MIROC6. Observational diagnosis implies that CREs are mainly contributed by the vertical moisture advection. Such a synoptic contribution is captured well by WRF, which is not the case in MIROC6,indicating larger uncertainties in the CREs projected by MIROC6.

关键词： consecutive rainfall events geological hazards projection Three Gorges Reservoir area triple-nested downscaling

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Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1559-1568页

作者： Astrid E.J.OGILVIE Leslie A.KING Noel KEENLYSIDE Fran?ois COUNILLON Brynhildur DAVIDSDóTTIR Níels EINARSSON Sergey GULEV Ke FAN Torben KOENIGK James R.MCGOODWIN Marianne H.RASMUSSON Shuting YANG Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological institute Danish Meteorological institute institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR) University of Colorado Stefansson Arctic institute Royal Roads University University of Bergen Nansen environmental and remote sensing Centre University of Iceland Shirshov institute of Oceanology Moscow State University Chinese Academy of Sciences

This paper celebrates Professor Yongqi GAO's significant achievement in the field of interdisciplinary studies within the context of his final research project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient Sustainable Societies-ARCPATH(https://www.***.is/en/projects/finished-projects/arcpath). The disciplines represented in the project are related to climatology, anthropology, marine biology, economics, and the broad spectrum of social-ecological studies. Team members were drawn from the Nordic countries, Russia, China, the United States, and Canada. The project was transdisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary as it included collaboration with local knowledge holders. ARCPATH made significant contributions to Arctic research through an improved understanding of the mechanisms that drive climate variability in the Arctic. In tandem with this research, a combination of historical investigations and social, economic, and marine biological fieldwork was carried out for the project study areas of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, and the surrounding seas, with a focus on the joint use of ocean and sea-ice data as well as social-ecological drivers. ARCPATH was able to provide an improved framework for predicting the near-term variation of Arctic climate on spatial scales relevant to society, as well as evaluating possible related changes in socioeconomic realms. In summary, through the integration of information from several different disciplines and research approaches, ARCPATH served to create new and valuable knowledge on crucial issues, thus providing new pathways to action for Arctic communities.

关键词： SEA-ICE INITIALIZATION PREDICTION SKILL CLIMATE SCIENCE

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Preface to the Special Topic on Ocean, Sea Ice and Northern Hemisphere Climate:In Remembrance of Professor Yongqi GAO's Key Contributions

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1463-1464页

作者： Noel KEENLYSIDE Shengping HE Fei LI Geophysical institute University of Bergen and Bjerkenes Centre for Climate Research Nansen environmental and remote sensing Center Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

This special issue commemorates the life work of Prof. Yongqi GAO who passed away in July 2021, his time cut short by illness. He had many great achievements, but still much more to contribute. The seven articles in this special issue are from research areas where he contributed, and they illustrate how his close colleagues are continuing his work.

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Spatial identification and evaluation of rural vitality from a function-element-flow perspective: Evidence of Lin'an district in Hangzhou, China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第6期34卷 1228-1250页

作者： ZHANG Jing GUAN Chenyue ZHANG Lin YU Zhoulu YE Chengxuan ZHU Congmou LI Sinan WANG Ke GAN Muye institute of Applied remote sensing and Information Technology College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Key Research Laboratory of Agricultural remote sensing and Information Technology Hangzhou 310058China Shandong(Linyi)institute of Modern Agriculture Linyi 276000ShandongChina Huzhou Spatial Planning Preparation and Research Center Huzhou 313000ZhejiangChina Zhejiang Digital Governance Space Planning and Design Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310000China Department of Land Resources Management Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Rural vitality is the life force expressed by a combination of endogenous dynamics and external influences. Exploring the complex relationship between rural functions, elements and flows could achieve sustainable rural development. This study constructed a theoretical framework guided by the four functions of production, living, ecology and culture with the support of mobile big data. Furthermore, the network centrality of villages was estimated to reflect the intensity of urban-rural social mobility ties. The results indicated marked spatial disparities in rural vitality, and the coupling of ecological-cultural vitality has a high degree of coherence. Four rural vitality grades were identified: high level(38, 14.08%), medium-high level(66, 24.44%), medium-low level(110, 40.74%) and low level(56, 20.74%), covering 270 administrative village units. The flow intensity of social linkage elements is consistent with rural vitality and the socioeconomic spillover effect of urban centers on neighboring villages was noticeable. Topographic complexity negatively affected the living function, mainly in the T1 and T2 terrain gradients;the rural ecological function was not fully correlated with urban adjacency, and proximity could lead to adverse effects such as urban sprawl and resource destruction. The application of this study is to explore the importance of “flow” by utilizing mobile big data to refine the evaluation unit to the village scale. Accelerating the construction of network coverage and information interconnection and promoting the elemental flow of people, transportation and information between urban and rural areas are important ways to enhance rural vitality.

关键词： rural vitality rural multifunction elements urban-rural flows mobile big data

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Oxidized organic molecules in the tropical free troposphere over Amazonia

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 174-184页

作者： Qiaozhi Zha Diego Aliaga Radovan Krejci Victoria A.Sinclair Cheng Wu Giancarlo Ciarelli Wiebke Scholz Liine Heikkinen Eva Partoll Yvette Gramlich Wei Huang Markus Leiminger Joonas Enroth Otso Per?kyl? Runlong Cai Xuemeng Chen Alkuin Maximilian Koenig Fernando Velarde Isabel Moreno Tuukka Pet?j? Paulo Artaxo Paolo Laj Armin Hansel Samara Carbone Markku Kulmala Marcos Andrade Douglas Worsnop Claudia Mohr Federico Bianchi Agrarian Sciences institute Federal University of Uberl?ndia Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Maryland Aerodyne Research Inc. Department of environmental System Science ETH Zürich Switzerland and Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/physics University of Helsinki Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences Nanjing University Department of environmental Science & Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg institute for Ion and Applied physics University of Innsbruck Ionicon Analytik GmbH Laboratory for Atmospheric physics Institute for Physics Research Universidad Mayor de San Andrés institute of physics University of Sao Paulo institute for Geosciences and environmental Research (IGE) University of Grenoble Alpes

New particle formation(NPF) in the tropical free troposphere(FT) is a globally important source of cloud condensation nuclei, affecting cloud properties and climate. Oxidized organic molecules(OOMs)produced from biogenic volatile organic compounds are believed to contribute to aerosol formation in the tropical FT, but without direct chemical observations. We performed in situ molecular-level OOMs measurements at the Bolivian station Chacaltaya at 5240 m above sea level, on the western edge of Amazonia. For the first time, we demonstrate the presence of OOMs, mainly with 4–5 carbon atoms, in both gas-phase and particle-phase(in terms of mass contribution) measurements in tropical FT air from Amazonia. These observations, combined with air mass history analyses, indicate that the observed OOMs are linked to isoprene emitted from the rainforests hundreds of kilometers away. Based on particle-phase measurements, we find that these compounds can contribute to NPF, at least the growth of newly formed nanoparticles, in the tropical FT on a continental scale. Thus, our study is a fundamental and significant step in understanding the aerosol formation process in the tropical FT.

关键词： oxidized organic molecules tropical aerosol formation Amazon free troposphere

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Improving model performance in mapping cropland soil organic matter using time-series remote sensing data

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期 2820-2841页

作者： Xianglin Zhang Jie Xue Songchao Chen Zhiqing Zhuo Zheng Wang Xueyao Chen Yi Xiao Zhou Shi institute of Applied remote sensing and Information Technology College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Department of Land Management Zhejiang University ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University institute of Digital Agriculture Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy sensing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

Faced with increasing global soil degradation, spatially explicit data on cropland soil organic matter（SOM）provides crucial data for soil carbon pool accounting, cropland quality assessment and the formulation of effective management policies. As a spatial information prediction technique, digital soil mapping（DSM） has been widely used to spatially map soil information at different scales. However, the accuracy of digital SOM maps for cropland is typically lower than for other land cover types due to the inherent difficulty in precisely quantifying human disturbance. To overcome this limitation, this study systematically assessed a framework of “information extractionfeature selection-model averaging” for improving model performance in mapping cropland SOM using 462 cropland soil samples collected in Guangzhou, China in 2021. The results showed that using the framework of dynamic information extraction, feature selection and model averaging could efficiently improve the accuracy of the final predictions（R2: 0.48 to 0.53） without having obviously negative impacts on uncertainty. Quantifying the dynamic information of the environment was an efficient way to generate covariates that are linearly and nonlinearly related to SOM, which improved the R2of random forest from 0.44 to 0.48 and the R2of extreme gradient boosting from 0.37to 0.43. Forward recursive feature selection（FRFS） is recommended when there are relatively few environmental covariates（environmental covariates（>500）. The Granger-Ramanathan model averaging approach could improve the prediction accuracy and average uncertainty.When the structures of initial prediction models are similar, increasing in the number of averaging models did not have significantly positive effects on the final predictions. Given the advantages of these selected strategies over information extraction, feature selection and model averaging have a great potential for high-accuracy soil mapping at any scales, so this approach

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