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Enlarged interlayer of separator coating enabling high-performance lithiumsulfur batteries

Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2024年第2期18卷 103-112页

作者： Yanqi Feng Hui Liu Xiaoting Liu Qiongqiong Lu School of Materials&Environment engineering Chengdu Technological UniversityChengdu 611730China School of Materials Science and engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic MaterialsShaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China Green Catalysis Center and College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China institute of Materials Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Conductor MaterialsHenan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou 450046China Leibniz institute for Solid State and Materials Research(IFW) Dresden e.V.Dresden 01069Germany

Lithiumsulfur batteries have been intensively studied due to their high theoretical energy density and abundant sulfur resources. However, their commercial application is hindered by the low redox kinetics and high sulfur losses. In principle, in the design of cathodes and separators, the adsorption toward lithium-polysulfides should be enhanced and the conversion of soluble high-order lithium-polysulfides should be catalyzed. Herein, a KV_(3)O_(8)·0.75H_(2)O separator is designed as an effective lithium-polysulfides mediator in lithiumsulfur batteries. The intercalated K+ would enlarge the interlayer spacing of vanadium oxides, preventing the collapse of the layer structure and improving the electrical/ion conductivity of the interface. Moreover, the KV_(3)O_(8)·0.75H_(2)O modified separator possess a prior adsorption and high redox kinetics toward lithium-polysulfides due to the enhanced diffusion kinetics, which guarantees the high-rate capability and efficient utilization of sulfur. As a result, lithiumsulfur batteries exhibit a high capacity of 1362 mAh·g^(-1) and a long lifespan with a low capacity loss of 0.073% per cycle. This work may provide an alternative way to establish a functional separator to balance the adsorption and conversion of polysulfides during the redox back and forth.

关键词： lithium kinetics adsorption

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Pd single atoms cooperate with S vacancies in ZnIn_(2)S_(4) nanosheets for photocatalytic pure-water splitting

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 855-861页

作者： Lin Sun Huiping Peng Fei Xue Shangheng Liu Zhiwei Hu Hongbo Geng Xiaozhi Liu Dong Su Yong Xu Xiaoqing Huang State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials and EnergyGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Max Planck institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nothnitzer Strasse 40Dresden 01187Germany School of Materials engineering Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshu 215500China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361005China

Photocatalytic water splitting has emerged as a new frontier for converting solar energy to green H_(2) and value-added ***,great challenges still remain for developing efficient photocatalysts for pure water splitting without sacrificial *** this work,we demonstrate that doping hexagonal ZnIn_(2)S_(4)(ZIS) with Pd single atoms(Pd_(0.03)/ZIS) can serve as a highly efficient photocatalyst for pure water splitting to simultaneously produce H_(2) and H_(2)O_(2) without any sacrificial *** from aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy,X-ray fine spectroscopy,insitu electron paramagnetic resonance and diffuse Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveal that doping ZIS with Pd single atoms facilitates the formation of S vacancies(S_(v)),where the photogenerated electrons can transfer to Pd single atoms,as a result of enhanced separation of electron-hole pairs and improved photocatalytic ***,Pd_(0.03)/ZIS displays a stoichiometric ratio of H_(2) and H_(2)O_(2) with the productivity of 1,037.9 and 1,021.4μmol g^(-1)h^(-1),respectively,which has largely outperformed pure ZIS and other reported catalysts for pure water *** work provides an efficient photocatalyst for water splitting to produce H_(2) and H_(2)O_(2),which may attract rapid interest in materials science,chemistry,and heterogeneous catalysis.

关键词： ZnIn_(2)S_(4) Pd single atom S vacancy pure water splitting H_(2)O_(2)

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Tailoring high-refractive-index nanocomposites for manufacturing of ultraviolet metasurfaces

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 303-310页

作者： Hyunjung Kang Dongkyo Oh Nara Jeon Joohoon Kim Hongyoon Kim Trevon Badloe Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Department of Electrical engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics PohangRepublic of Korea National institute of Nanomaterials Technology(NINT) PohangRepublic of Korea

Nanoimprint lithography(NIL)has been utilized to address the manufacturing challenges of high cost and low throughput for optical *** overcome the limitations inherent in conventional imprint resins characterized by a low refractive index(n),high-n nanocomposites have been introduced to directly serve as ***,comprehensive research on these nanocomposites is notably *** this study,we focus on the composition of high-n zirconium dioxide(ZrO_(2))nanoparticle(NP)concentration and solvents used to produce ultraviolet(UV)metaholograms and quantify the transfer fidelity by the measured conversion *** utilization of 80 wt%ZrO_(2)NPs in MIBK,MEK,and acetone results in conversion efficiencies of 62.3%,51.4%,and 61.5%,respectively,at a wavelength of 325 *** analysis of the solvent composition and NP concentration can further enhance the manufacturing capabilities of high-n nanocomposites in NIL,enabling potential practical use of optical metasurfaces.

关键词： ultraviolet refractive nanocomposites

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Review of Inductance Identification Methods Considering Inverter Nonlinearity for PMSM

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Chinese Journal of Electrical engineering 2024年第2期10卷 1-15页

作者： Qiwei Wang Jiqing Xue Gaolin Wang Yihua Hu Dianguo Xu School of Electrical engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150000China Department of engineering King’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUK

Permanent magnet synchronous motors(PMSMs)are widely used in high-power-density and flexible control ***,the inductance changes significantly in real-time machine operations because of magnetic saturation and coupling ***,the identification of inductance is crucial for PMSM *** inductance identification methods are primarily based on the voltage source inverter(VSI),making inverter nonlinearity one of the main error sources in inductance *** improve the accuracy of inductance identification,it is necessary to compensate for the inverter nonlinearity *** this study,an overview of the PMSM inductance identification and the related inverter nonlinearity self-learning methods are presented.

关键词： Inductance identification inverter nonlinearity self-learning permanent magnet synchronous motor

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Preparation and Electrochemical Performance Study of Catalytic Cracking Oil Slurry-based Porous Carbon Materials

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第2期26卷 34-45页

作者： Liu Qi Zhao Gaiju Liu Xingge Yu Hewei Sun Rongfeng Geng Wenguang School of Energy and Power engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250353China Energy Research institute Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250014China

Catalytic cracking oil slurry is a by-product of catalytic cracking projects,and the efficient conversion and sustainable utilization of this material are issues of continuous concern in the petroleum refining *** this study,oxygen-enriched activated carbon is prepared using a one-step KOH activation method with catalytic cracking oil slurry as the raw *** as-prepared oil slurry-based activated carbon exhibits a high specific surface area of 2102 m^(2)/g,welldefined micropores with an average diameter of 2 nm,and a rich oxygen doping content of 32.97%.The electrochemical performance of the nitrogen-doped porous carbon is tested in a three-electrode system using a 6 mol/L KOH solution as the *** achieves a specific capacitance of up to 230 F/g at a current density of 1 A/***,the capacitance retention rate exceeds 89%after 10000 charge and discharge cycles,demonstrating excellent cycle *** method not only improves the utilization efficiency of industrial fuel waste but also reduces the production cost of supercapacitor electrode materials,thereby providing a simple and effective strategy for the resource utilization of catalytic cracking oil slurries.

关键词： catalytic cracking slurry porous carbon supercapacitor KOH activation

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Quantitative prediction model for the depth limit of oil accumulation in the deep carbonate rocks:A case study of Lower Ordovician in Tazhong area of Tarim Basin

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 115-124页

作者： Wen-Yang Wang Xiong-Qi Pang Ya-Ping Wang Zhang-Xin Chen Fu-Jie Jiang Ying Chen State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China Research institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanyChengdu610041SichuanChina Chemical and Petroleum engineering Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryT2N 1N4Canada

With continuous hydrocarbon exploration extending to deeper basins,the deepest industrial oil accumulation was discovered below 8,200 m,revealing a new exploration ***,the extent to which oil exploration can be extended,and the prediction of the depth limit of oil accumulation(DLOA),are issues that have attracted significant attention in petroleum *** it is difficult to characterize the evolution of the physical properties of the marine carbonate reservoir with burial depth,and the deepest drilling still cannot reach the ***,the DLOA cannot be predicted by directly establishing the relationship between the ratio of drilling to the dry layer and the *** this study,by establishing the relationships between the porosity and the depth and dry layer ratio of the carbonate reservoir,the relationships between the depth and dry layer ratio were obtained *** depth corresponding to a dry layer ratio of 100%is the *** on this,a quantitative prediction model for the DLOA was finally *** results indicate that the porosity of the carbonate reservoir,Lower Ordovician in Tazhong area of Tarim Basin,tends to decrease with burial depth,and manifests as an overall low porosity reservoir in deep *** critical porosity of the DLOA was 1.8%,which is the critical geological condition corresponding to a 100%dry layer ratio encountered in the *** depth of the DLOA was 9,000 *** study provides a new method for DLOA prediction that is beneficial for a deeper understanding of oil accumulation,and is of great importance for scientific guidance on deep oil drilling.

关键词： Deep layer Tarim Basin Hydrocarbon accumulation Depth limit of oil accumulation Prediction model

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4 × 112 Gb/s hybrid integrated silicon receiver based on photonic-electronic co-design

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第8期 111-117页

作者：金烨谢毓俊张郅涵陆东来杨梦涵李昂孟祥彦屈扬李乐良石暖暖李伟祝宁华祁楠李明 Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Electronic Electrical and Communication EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Peng Cheng Laboratory

A 4×112 Gb/s hybrid-integrated optical receiver is demonstrated based on the silicon-photonic vertical p-i-n photodetector and silicon–germanium transimpedance *** propose a photonic-electronic co-design technique to optimize both the device-level and system-level performance,based on the end-to-end equivalent circuit model of the ***-time linear equalization and shunt peaking are employed to enhance the frequency *** results reveal that the optical-to-electrical 3-dB bandwidth of the receiver is 48 *** open NRZ eye diagrams at56 Gb/s and PAM-4 eye diagrams at 112 Gb/s are achieved without an equalizer in the *** measured bit error rates for 56 Gb/s in NRZ and 112 Gb/s in PAM-4 reach 1×10-12and 2.4×10-4（KP4-FEC:forward error correction） thresholds under-4 dBm input power,***,the proposed receiver boasts a power consumption of approximately2.2 pJ/bit,indicating an energy efficient solution for data center traffic growth.

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Research on ECMS Based on Segmented Path Braking Energy Recovery in a Fuel Cell Vehicle

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Energy engineering 2024年第1期121卷 95-110页

作者： Wen Sun Meijing Li Guoxiang Li Ke Sun Shuzhan Bai School of Energy and Power engineering Shandong UniversityJinan250061China Automotive Research institute China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co.Ltd.Jinan250061China

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are widely regarded as having the potential to replace internal combustion engines in *** fuel cells cannot recover energy and have a slow dynamic response,they need to be used with different power *** efficient energy management strategies to achieve excellent fuel economy is the goal of *** paper proposes an adaptive equivalent fuel minimum consumption strategy(AECMS)to solve the problem of the poor economy of the whole vehicle caused by the wrong selection of equivalent factors(EF)in traditional *** this method,the kinematics interval is used to update the equivalent factor by considering the penalty term of energy recovery on SOC ***,the optimized equivalent factor is substituted into the optimization objective function to achieve efficient energy *** results under the New European Driving Cycle show that compared with the traditional ECMS based on fixed SOC benchmarks,the proposed method improves fuel economy by 1.7%while ensuring vehicle power and increases SOC by 30%.

关键词： Fuel cell PEMFC electric vehicle equivalent consumption minimization strategy

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Tetradentate Pt(Ⅱ)complex as a singlet exciton sensitizing host for highly efficient green fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes

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Science China Materials 2024年第8期67卷 2618-2627页

作者： Unhyeok Jo Seung Chan Kim Chan Hee Ryu Kang Mun Lee Jae-Min Kim Jun Yeob Lee School of Chemical engineering Sungkyunkwan University2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon-siGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion TechnologyKangwon National UniversityChuncheonGangwon 24341Republic of Korea Department of Advanced Materials engineering Chung-Ang University4726Seodong-daeroDaedeok-myeonAnseong-siGyeonggi-do 17546Republic of Korea SKKU Advanced institute of Nano Technology Sungkyunkwan University2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwonGyeonggi 16419Republic of Korea SKKU institute of Energy Science and Technology Sungkyunkwan University2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwonGyeonggi 16419Republic of Korea

Efficient green fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes were designed with a phosphorescent metal complex as a singlet exciton sensitizing host(SESH)for achieving high efficiency and low efficiency roll-off through exciton and polaron *** Pt(Ⅱ)complex(Pt-Trz)possessing a tetradentate ligand with a bulky blocking group not only suppresses the severe formation of excimer or dimer itself but also transfers radiative excitons to fluorescent dopant *** SESH assisted fluorescence(SESHF)device with Pt-Trz as the host exhibits the maximum external quantum efficiency of 13.3%and a lower efficiency roll-off compared with exciplex host device which is a general approach for harvesting triplet *** exciton dynamics modeling unravels that the SESHF device effectively utilizes triplet excitons in the host by intersystem crossing and resonance energy transfer from the triplet state of the host to the singlet state of the terminal *** quenching rates of the SESHF device are reduced by 11 times for triplet-triplet annihilation and 1.8 times for tripletpolaron annihilation compared with the exciplex device,which demonstrates that Pt-Trz could be a platform to be used as an efficient host for fluorophores.

关键词： singlet annihilation polaron

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Vision Transformers with Hierarchical Attention

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 670-683页

作者： Yun Liu Yu-Huan Wu Guolei Sun Le Zhang Ajad Chhatkuli Luc Van Gool institute for Infocomm Research(I2R) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Computer Vision Lab ETH ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland School of Information and Communication engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)Chengdu 611731China

This paper tackles the high computational/space complexity associated with multi-head self-attention(MHSA)in vanilla vision *** this end,we propose hierarchical MHSA(H-MHSA),a novel approach that computes self-attention in a hierarchical ***,we first divide the input image into patches as commonly done,and each patch is viewed as a ***,the proposed H-MHSA learns token relationships within local patches,serving as local relationship ***,the small patches are merged into larger ones,and H-MHSA models the global dependencies for the small number of the merged *** last,the local and global attentive features are aggregated to obtain features with powerful representation *** we only calculate attention for a limited number of tokens at each step,the computational load is reduced ***,H-MHSA can efficiently model global relationships among tokens without sacrificing fine-grained *** the H-MHSA module incorporated,we build a family of hierarchical-attention-based transformer networks,namely *** demonstrate the superiority of HAT-Net in scene understanding,we conduct extensive experiments on fundamental vision tasks,including image classification,semantic segmentation,object detection and instance ***,HAT-Net provides a new perspective for vision *** and pretrained models are available at https://***/yun-liu/HAT-Net.

关键词： Vision transformer hierarchical attention global attention local attention scene understanding.

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