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Impact of Climate Change on Vegetation Distribution and Net Primary Productivity of Forests of Himalayan River Basins: Brahmaputra, Koshi and Indus

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American Journal of Climate Change 2018年第2期7卷 271-294页

作者： A. Chaitra S. Upgupta L. D. Bhatta J. Mathangi D. S. Anitha K. Sindhu Vidya Kumar N. K. Agrawal M. S. R. Murthy F. Qamar Indu K. Murthy J. Sharma R. K. Chaturvedi G. Bala N. H. Ravindranath Centre for sustainable Technologies Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru India International Centre for Integrated Mountain development (ICIMOD) Kathmandu Nepal Divecha Centre for Climate Change Centre for Atmospheric Sciences Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru India

The impacts of climate change in terms of forest vegetation shifts and Net Primary Productivity (NPP) changes are assessed for Brahmaputra, Koshi and Indus river basins for the mid (2021-2050) and long (2071-2100) terms for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Two Dynamical Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs), Integrated BIosphere Simulator (IBIS) and (Lund Postdam and Jena (LPJ), have been used for this purpose. The DGVMs are driven by the ensemble mean climate projections from 5 climate models that contributed to the CMIP5 data base. While both DGVMs project vegetation shifts in the forest areas of the basins, there are large differences in vegetation shifts projected by IBIS and LPJ. This may be attributed to differing representation of land surface processes and to differences in the number of vegetation types (Plant Functional Types) defined and simulated in the two models. However, there is some agreement in NPP changes as projected by both IBIS and LPJ, with IBIS mostly projecting a larger increase in NPP for the future scenarios. Despite the uncertainties with respect to climate change projections at river basin level and the differing impact assessments from different DGVMs, it is necessary to assess the “vulnerability” of the forest ecosystems and forest dependent communities to current climate risks and future climate change and to develop and implement resilience or adaptation measures. Assessment of the “vulnerability” and designing of the adaptation strategies could be undertaken for all the forested grids where both IBIS and LPJ project vegetation shifts.

关键词： Climate Change Forests Himalayan River Basins Impacts NPP Change Forest Type Shift

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Purification of heavy metal chromium in saturated sand by artificial freezing:Mechanism and method optimization

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2022年第6期14卷 370-376页

作者： JianZhou Wang HaiHang Wang Sen Yang GuoQing Zhou YanHu Mu State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhouJiangsu 221116China School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhouJiangsu 221116China Shaoxing Construction Quality and Safety Supervision Terminal ShaoxingZhejiang 312000China State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesCASLanzhouGansu 730000China

Heavy metal pollution of soil has become one of the most common hazards in human development.The artificial freezing method,especially the progressive freezing method,can reduce heavy metal pollutants in the soil and promises to be an effective in-situ treatment of contaminated sites.This study analyzes the freezing purification mechanism of heavy metal contaminants in saturated sand and identifies three main factors that impact the effects of purification:freezing rate,initial concentration,and diffusion coefficient.Moreover,one-dimensional freezing tests are carried out by different freezing modes.The experimental results show that the heavy metal chromium could only be removed effectively with a slow freezing rate.By optimizing the freezing mode and freezing rate,a long section of soil was frozen and purified,with the maximum purification rate reaching 65.8%.This study shows that it is feasible to treat contaminated saturated sand by a gradual-cooling freezing method.

关键词： Artificial freezing method Freezing purification mechanism Gradual cooling mode Heavy metal chromium

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非洲工业发展的挑战

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产业与环境 2003年第3期25卷 60-62页

作者： Desta Mebratu 王坚 consultant Sustainable Industrial DevelopmentBox8412Addis AbabaEthiopia

在可持续基础上发展的非洲工业部门对克服地区的社会经济和社会生态问题至关重要.本文回顾了工业部门对非洲经济的贡献和可持续工业发展最突出的主要的挑战.讨论了在非洲促进清洁生产对面对挑战的可能贡献.

关键词：非洲工业发展可持续发展社会经济生态环境

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NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SSTA IMPACTS UPON THE INTERDECADAL VARIATION OF THE CROSS-EQUATORIAL FLOWS IN EASTERN HEMISPHERE

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2013年第3期19卷 223-232页

作者：曾刚孙照渤邓伟涛林朝晖李春晖 Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology International Center for Climate and environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou institute of Tropical Marine Meteorology China Meteorological Administration

Impacts of regional sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies on the interdecadal variation of the cross-equatorial flows(CEFs)in Eastern Hemisphere are studied using numerical simulations with a global atmospheric circulation model(NCAR CAM3)driven with 1950-2000 monthly SSTs in different marine areas(the globe,extratropics,tropics,tropical Indian Ocean-Pacific,and tropical Pacific)and ERA-40reanalysis data.Results show that all simulations,except the one driven with extratropical SSTs,can simulate the interdecadal strengthening of CEFs around Somali,120oE,and 150oE that occurred in the midand late-1970s.Among those simulated CEFs,the interdecadal variability in Somali and its interdecadal relationship with the East Asian summer monsoon are in better agreement with the observations,suggesting that changes in the SSTs of tropical oceans,especially the tropical Pacific,play a crucial role in the interdecadal variability of CEFs in Somali.The interdecadal change of CEFs in Somali is highly associated with the interdecadal variation of tropical Pacific SST.As the interdecadal warmer(colder)SST happens in the tropical Pacific,a"sandwich"pattern of SST anomalies,i.e."+,-,+"("-,+,-"),will occur in the eastern tropical Pacific from north to south with a pair of anomalous anticyclone(cyclone)at the lower troposphere;the pair links to another pair of anomalous cyclone(anticyclone)in the tropical Indian Ocean through an atmospheric bridge,and thus strengthens(weakens)the CEFs in Somali.

关键词： cross-equatorial flow in Eastern Hemisphere numerical simulation interdecadal variation sea surface temperature anomaly

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Recent advances in artificial intelligence generated content

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第1期25卷 1-5页

作者： Junping ZHANG Lingyun SUN Cong JIN Junbin GAO Xiaobing LI Jiebo LUO Zhigeng PAN Ying TANG Jingdong WANG School of Computer Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China International Design institute Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China School of Information and Communication Engineering Communication University of ChinaBeijing 100024China The University of Sydney Business School The University of SydneyNSW 2006Australia Department of AI Music and Music Information Technology Central Conservatory of MusicBeijing 100032China Department of Computer Science University of RochesterNY 14627USA School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Rowan UniversityGlassboroNJ 08028USA Baidu Beijing 100085China

Artificial intelligence generated content(AIGC)has been a research hotspot in the field of artificial intelligence in recent years.It is expected to replace humans in performing some of the work of content generation at a low cost and a high volume,such as music,painting,multimodal content generation,news articles,summary reports,stock commentary summaries,and even content and digital people generated in the meta-universe.AIGC provides a new technical path for the development and implementation of AI in the future.

关键词： artificial replace content

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Analysis of tandem repeats in the genome of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第14期50卷 1462-1469页

作者： KONG Jie1 & GAO Huan2,3 1. Key Laboratory for sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Re- sources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheris Research Insti- tute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China 2. institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China 3. The Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China Key Laboratory for sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources Ministry of Agriculture Yellow Sea Fisheris Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Qingdao China institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China The Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Through random sequencing, we found a total of 884000 base-pairs (bp) of random genomic sequences in the genome of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis). Using bio-soft Tandem Repeat Finder (TRF) software, 2159 tandem repeats were found, in which there were 1714 mi- crosatellites and 445 minisatellites, accounting for 79.4% and 20.6% of repeat sequences, respectively. The cumulative length of repeat sequences was found to be 116685 bp, ac- counting for 13.2% of the total DNA sequence; the cumula- tive length of microsatellites occupied 9.78% of the total DNA sequence, and that of minisatellites occupied 3.42%. In decreasing order, the 20 most abundant repeat sequence classes were as follows: AT (557), AC (471), AG (274), AAT (92), A (56), AAG (28), ATC (27), ATAG (27), AGG (18), ACT (15), C (11), AAC (11), ACAT (11), CAGA (10), AGAA (9), AGGG (7), CAAA (7), CGCA (6), ATAA (6), AGAGAA (6). Dinucleotide repeats, not only in the aspect of the number, but also in cumulative length, were the preponderant repeat type. There were few classes and low copy numbers of repeat units of the pentanucleotide repeat type, which included only three classes: AGAGA, GAGGC and AAAGA. The classes and copy numbers of heptanucleotide, eleven-nucleotide and thirteen-nucleotide primer-number-composed repeats were distinctly less than that of repeat types beside them.

关键词：虾遗传特性遗传基因 DNA

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Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Fertilizers on Nutrient Levels in Celery and Soil under Drip Irrigation

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2017年第2期6卷 34-40,44页

作者： Jun YANG Xiaojuan LIAN Yan WANG Yuliang ZHANG Zhengxiang WANG Tianjin institute of Agricultural Resources and environment Sciences

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different fertilizers on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ＇absorption and distribution by celeo, and the changes of soil nutrients in the 0 -40 cm soil layer under drip irrigation, so as to provide a theoretical basis for nutrient management of greenhouse celery culti- vation and special fertilizer development. With celery as an experiment material and the ratio of conventional fertilization as control treatment, the effects of different ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on nutrient absorption by celery and changes of soil nutrients were investigated by plot experiment in greenhouse. The results showed that the contents and distribution proportions of N and P in leaf were higher than those in stem, while for K, the content and distribution proportion were higher in stem than in leaf. The absorption amount of K was the highest in celery, followed by N, and the absorption amount of P element was the least. The mean ratio of N, P and K in celery was 1：0.556： 1.609. There were evident dynamic changes in contents of soil available nutrients in the 0 -20 cm soil layer in various growth stages of celery under different drip irrigation fertilizers. The contents of soil available nutrients were higher on the 28＇h , 47~ and 83＇h d ＂after fieht planting, while those before field planting and after harvest were lower. So the amounts of soil available nutrients were closely related to the growth stage of celery. In the whole growth period of celery, the mean input amounts of N, P205 and K20 were 805, 1 049 and 916 kg/hm2 , respectively, but the absorption amounts of nutrients by celery were far less than inputs, and the amounts of N, P205 and K20 absorbed by celery＂ were only 23% -26% , 10% and 31% -35% of the appli- cation amounts, respectively. The apparent balance of N, P2 O5 and Kz O were 613,943 and 609 kg/hm2 , respectively, indicating excess fertilization in this experi- ment. Under this experiment condition, Tj （ N： PzOs： K20 = 1 ： 0.63： 1.08） favored

关键词： Drip irrigation Fertilizer for drip irrigation Celery Soil nutrient Apparent balance

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Evaluation and welfare effect of coordinated ecological development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and environment 2021年第3期19卷 283-290页

作者： Linlin Zhao Guixiang Zhang College of Urban Economics and Public Administration Capital University of Economics and BusinessBeijing100070China Beijing Key Laboratory of Megaregions sustainable development Simulation Capital University of Economics and BusinessBeijing100070China School of Tourism Taishan UniversityTai'an271000China

Regional coordinated ecological development is a new form of regional coordinated development that aims to construct an ecological civilization in the“new normal”period.The coordinated ecological development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region is especially significant because this region is leading the overall coordinated development and reform in China.Based on complex system theory,synergetics,and the ecological civilization and green development ideas of the“new normal”period,we constructed a regional ecological synergy measurement model that scientifically evaluates the dynamic evolution of the BTH ecological synergy level from 2006 to 2018.Using an econometric model,we also analyzed the welfare effect and the regional heterogeneity of ecological synergy in regional development.First,it was found that in general,the degree of ecological synergy in BTH increased yearly up to 2018 with a strong development trend.The speed of ecological synergy in the Tianjin-Hebei and Beijing-Hebei subsystems was accelerating during that period,but the development potential of the ecological synergy in Beijing-Tianjin was insufficient and slow-growing.Second,whereas Beijing had entered the stage of moderate coordinated ecological development,Tianjin and Hebei remained in the low level of coordinated development;moreover,the coordinated development was unstable.The uneven development of the internal subsystems in BTH restricted the development of the cooperative effect and the overall development of the region.Third,improving the degree of ecological synergy significantly benefited the social and economic welfare in BTH.Finally,the welfare effect of the degree of ecological synergy showed a significant regional heterogeneity,being significantly higher in Tianjin and Hebei than in Beijing.This result indicates that improving the ecological synergy can narrow the development gaps between Tianjin,Hebei,and Beijing.To further improve the level of regional ecological synergy,we should innovate the coordinated model of regional d

关键词： Coordinated ecological development Ecological synergy Welfare effect Regional heterogeneity

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Innovative development path of ethnomedicines： a case study

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Frontiers of Medicine 2017年第2期11卷 297-305页

作者： Zhaoyun Zhu Yali Gui Li Wang Ting Wang Yang Yang Yunzhuang Niu Dehuan Fu Jingkun Wang Tao Cui Yunnan institute of Materia Medica Innovation and R & D Center of Yunnan Baiyao Group Co. Ltd. and Yunnan Province Company KeyLaboratory for New Drug Research and Development of TCM and Ethnomedicines Kunming 650111 China

Innovative development extends the vitality of ethnomedicines. Developing ethnomedicines is not only beneficial to the public but also to the related industry and transforms economic growth, driving local social and economic development further. Its economic benefit can be used to optimize and promote the hardware and software of the platform, as well as support the sustainable development of ethnomedicines. Apart from research and discussion on the innovative development of ethnomedicines on the basis of theory and regulations, this series of articles also summarizes cases that are conducive to the overall understanding of the necessity and feasibility of the innovative development. In terms of industrial development, large enterprises and products, such as Yunnan Baiyao, Guizhou Miao ethnomedicines, Cheezheng Tibetan Medicine, products developed from Dengzhanhua （Erigeron breviscapus）, the Gold series of Yi ethnomedicines, and products developed from Sanqi （Panax notoginseng）, in China are introduced and summarized, focusing on resource superiority, sustainable innovation, standard research and development, and production, as well as intellectual property protection.

关键词： ethnomedicine industry resource advantages continuous innovation standardized development research intellectual property protection

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Scale-up of biomass conversion using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate as the solvent

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Green Energy & environment 2019年第4期4卷 432-438页

作者： Ling Liang Jipeng Yan Qian He Tina Luong Todd R.Pray Blake A.Simmons Ning Sun Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Process development Unit Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryvilleCA94608USA Joint BioEnergy institute Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryvilleCA94608USA

This scale-up study demonstrated the feasibility of an ionic liquid(IL)pretreatment process at 40 kg scale,using the IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate([C2C1Im][OAc])as the solvent.The pretreatment was followed by enzymatic hydrolysis through which the process efficiency for biomass conversion to monomeric sugars was determined.The results show that 43 wt%of switchgrass was dissolved in IL after 2 h of pretreatment at 160℃ with 15 wt%solid loading.A 120 h enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated switchgrass results in 96%glucan and 98%xylan conversion.[C2C1Im][OAc]pretreatment has been successfully scaled up to 40 kg with improved sugar titers and yields relative to bench scale(6 kg).The mass flow of the overall process was established and the major scale-up challenges of the process were identified.

关键词： Ionic liquid 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate Pretreatment Scale up Enzyme

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