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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zhang David M.Bell Tiantian Wang Houssni Lamkaddam Tianqu Cui Lu Qi Mihnea Surdu Dongyu Wang Lin Du Imad El Haddad Jay G.Slowik Andre S.H.Prevot environment Research institute Shandong University Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols(SOAs). Previous smog chamber studies found that the SOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds(VOCs). While intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs) are efficient SOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, their contribution to SOA formation has not been directly observed. Here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study SOA formation from wood burning, we find that IVOCs can contribute ～70% of the formed SOA, i.e.>2 times more than VOCs. This previously missing SOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in smog chambers. The finding in this study reveals that SOA production from biomass burning is much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for more research on the IVOCs from biomass burning and potentially other emission sources.

关键词： atmospheric chemistry biomass burning secondary organic aerosol intermediate volatility organic compounds

Isotopic characteristics and source analysis of atmospheric ammonia during agricultural periods in the Xichuan area of the Danjiangkou Reservoir

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 460-469页

作者： Xiaoshu Chen Tongqian Zhao Chunyan Xiao Xiaoming Guo Feihong Chen institute of Resources and environment Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454000China

Nitrogen deposition is an important means of exogenous nitrogen input in reservoir water.Agricultural activities around the reservoir lead to a sharp increase in the concentration of ammonia in the atmosphere,which poses a threat to the reservoir water body.Clarifying the contribution of agricultural ammonia release to atmospheric NH_(x)(gaseous NH_(3)and particulate NH_(4)^(+)),in the reservoir area can provide a theoretical foundation for local reactive nitrogen control.We collected atmospheric NH_(3)and NH_(4)^(+)samples during the agricultural periods and analyzed the isotopic characteristics of atmospheric NH_(x)and the contribution rates of different ammonia sources in the Xichuan area of the Danjiangkou Reservoir.The results showed that the initialδ~(15)N values of NH_(3)(-30.0‰to–7.2‰)and particulate NH_(4)^(+)(–33‰to+4.9‰for finer and coarser particles,respectively)are different,and their contribution ratios from dissimilar ammonia sources are also different,among which NH_(4)^(+)is more susceptible to meteorological factors.However,since the atmospheric NH_(x)in the Xichuan area is mainly gaseous NH_(3),the final sources of atmospheric ammonia nitrogen source depend on gaseous NH_(3).Agricultural sources(59%-74%)were the main NH_(3)sources in this area.Among them,the fertilizer use emission was dominant;it had the highest contribution rate in summer during the agricultural period and a more prominent impact in areas with less human interference.Reasonable regulation of the application of high-ammonia releasing fertilizer,especially during the agricultural period in summer,is an effective way to reduce the threat of atmospheric ammonia to water health.

关键词： Danjiangkou reservoir Atmospheric ammonia nitrogen Isotope Ammonia source analysis Agricultural sources

Comparison of antimony and arsenic behaviour at the river-lake junction in the middle of the Yangtze River Basin

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 189-200页

作者： Huiji Liu Wei Zeng Ziyang Lai Mengchang He Chunye Lin Wei Ouyang Xitao Liu State Key Laboratory of Water environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Advanced Interdisciplinary institute of environment and Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China

As typical metalloid toxic elements widely distributed in environmental media,the geochemical behaviour of antimony(Sb)and arsenic(As)affects environmental safety.We selected the surface waters and sediments at the river-lake junction of Dongting Lake as the research objects,analysed the concentration and chemical partitioning of Sb and As,assessed its contamination and ecological risk levels,and discussed its sources and potential influencing factors.The concentrations of dissolved Sb and As in surface waters were low(environmental behaviour of metalloids in specific hydrological conditions,such as river-lake junctions.

关键词： Contamination Ecological risks Antimony(Sb) Arsenic(As) River-lake junction Dongting Lake

Selective adsorption of tetracycline by b-CD-immobilized sodium alginate aerogel coupled with ultrafiltration for reclaimed water

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 27-34页

作者： Xi Quan Jun Zhang Linlin Yin Wei Zuo Yu Tian State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and environment(SKLUWRE) School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

In this work,a novel composite material based on b-cyclodextrin-immobilized sodium alginate aerogel(b-CD/NaAlg)was developed utilizing cross-linker of epichlorohydrin and applied as an adsorbent to remove tetracycline antibiotics from reclaimed wastewater.A series of characterizations were utilized to confirm the successful synthesis of the adsorbent and this b-CD/NaAlg presented a three-dimensional network at the nanoscale or microscale.Under optimal conditions(pH=4,t=8 h,b-CD:NaAlg=9,adsorbent dosage=1.5 g·L^(-1)),the maximum removal rate of b-CD/NaAlg to tetracycline was 70%.The adsorption behavior of tetracycline on b-CD/NaAlg conformed to the Freundlich isotherm model(R^(2)=0.9977)and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model(R^(2)=0.9993).Moreover,the adsorbent still removed 55.3%of tetracycline after five cycles.Specially,the adsorbent was integrated with ultrafiltration to adsorb tetracycline antibiotics from simulated reclaimed wastewater,and the removal rate of tetracycline reached 78.9%within 2 h.The existence of Cr(VI)had a negligible impact on tetracycline removal,while the presence of humic acid exhibited a promoting effect.The possible adsorption mechanisms were also elucidated through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory analysis.In summary,b-CD/NaAlg represents an environmentally friendly,efficient,and sustainable adsorbent for removing tetracycline antibiotics from reclaimed water.

关键词： b-CD/NaAlg aerogel Covalent grafting Tetracycline antibiotics Ultrafiltration Selective adsorption Reclaimed water

Time-sensitive prediction of NO_(2) concentration in China using an ensemble machine learning model from multi-source data

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 30-40页

作者： Chenliang Tao Man Jia Guoqiang Wang Yuqiang Zhang Qingzhu Zhang Xianfeng Wang Qiao Wang Wenxing Wang Big Data Research Center for Ecology and environment Environment Research InstituteShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Shandong Provincial Eco-environment Monitoring Center Jinan 250101China

Nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))poses a critical potential risk to environmental quality and public health.A reliable machine learning(ML)forecasting framework will be useful to provide valuable information to support government decision-making.Based on the data from1609 air quality monitors across China from 2014-2020,this study designed an ensemble ML model by integrating multiple types of spatial-temporal variables and three sub-models for time-sensitive prediction over a wide range.The ensemble ML model incorporates a residual connection to the gated recurrent unit(GRU)network and adopts the advantage of Transformer,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)and GRU with residual connection network,resulting in a 4.1%±1.0%lower root mean square error over XGBoost for the test results.The ensemble model shows great prediction performance,with coefficient of determination of 0.91,0.86,and 0.77 for 1-hr,3-hr,and 24-hr averages for the test results,respectively.In particular,this model has achieved excellent performance with low spatial uncertainty in Central,East,and North China,the major site-dense zones.Through the interpretability analysis based on the Shapley value for different temporal resolutions,we found that the contribution of atmospheric chemical processes is more important for hourly predictions compared with the daily scale predictions,while the impact of meteorological conditions would be ever-prominent for the latter.Compared with existing models for different spatiotemporal scales,the present model can be implemented at any air quality monitoring station across China to facilitate achieving rapid and dependable forecast of NO_(2),which will help developing effective control policies.

关键词： Air quality prediction Deep learning Ensemble method Nitrogen dioxide Spatiotemporal covariates

Sources appointment and health risks of PM_(2.5)-bound trace elements in a coastal city of southeastern China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 561-571页

作者： Ziyi Lin Xiaolong Fan Gaojie Chen Youwei Hong Mengren Li Lingling Xu Baoye Hu Chen Yang Yanting Chen Zhiqian Shao Jinsheng Chen Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Lab of Urban environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy ofSciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000China

To gain a comprehensive understanding of sources and health risks of trace elements in an area of China with high population densities and low PM_(2.5)concentrations,15 trace elements(Al,K,Ca,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Sn,Ba,Pb)in PM_(2.5)were monitored from December 2020 to November 2021 in a representative city,Xiamen.The concentrations of trace elements in Xiamen displayed an obvious seasonal variation and were dominated by K,Fe,Al,Ca and Zn.Based on Positive Matrix Factorization analysis,source appointment revealed that the major sources of trace elements in Xiamen were traffic,dust,biomass and firework combustion,industrial manufacture and shipping emission.According to health risk assessment combined with the source appointment results,it indicated that the average noncarcinogenic risk was below the threshold and cancer risk of four hazardous metals(Cr,Ni,As,Pb)exceeded the threshold(10^(-6)).Traffic-related source had almost half amount of contribution to the health risk induced by PM_(2.5)-bound trace elements.During the dust transport period or Spring Festival period,the health risks exceeded an acceptable threshold even an order of magnitude higher,suggesting that the serious health risks still existed in low PM_(2.5)environment at certain times.Health risk assessment reminded that the health risk reduction in PM_(2.5)at southeastern China should prioritize traffic-related hazardous trace elements and highlighted the importance of controlling vehicles emissions in the future.

关键词： PM_(2.5)-bound trace elements Seasonal variations Source appointment Health risks Traffic-related source

Causal Analysis Between Rice Growth and Cadmium Accumulation and Transfer under Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 226-236页

作者： ZHAO Ting WANG Li YANG Jixian MA Fang State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

Cadmium(Cd)contamination in rice has been a serious threat to human health.To investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)on the Cd translocation in rice,a controlled pot experiment was conducted.The results indicated that AMF significantly increased rice biomass,with an increase of up to 40.0%,particularly in root biomass by up to 68.4%.Notably,the number of prominent rice individuals also increased,and their plasticity was enhanced following AMF inoculation.AMF led to an increase in the net photosynthetic rate and antioxidant enzyme activity of rice.In the AMF treatment group,the Cd concentration in the rice roots was significantly higher(19.1%‒68.0%)compared with that in the control group.Conversely,the Cd concentration in the rice seeds was lower in the AMF treatment group,indicating that AMF facilitated the sequestration of Cd in rice roots and reduced Cd accumulation in the seeds.Path coefficients varied across different treatments,suggesting that AMF inoculation reduced the direct impact of soil Cd concentration on the total Cd accumulation in seeds.The translocation of Cd was consistently associated with simultaneous growth dilution and compensatory accumulation as a result of mycorrhizal effects.Our study quantitatively analyzed this process through path analysis and clarified the causal relationship between rice growth and Cd transfer under the influence of AMF.

关键词： cadmium transfer dilution effect heavy metal immobilization mycorrhizal effect path analysis phenotypic plasticity

Nuance of inward rectifying potassium(Kir) channel dysfunctions in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1195-1196页

作者： Benjamin Garland Linlin Ma Griffith institute for Drug Discovery & School of environment and Science Griffith University

Neurodegenerative disorders are highly prevalent and diverse in nature. Their manifestation largely depends on the cell types involved, with aberrant inflammatory episodes progressively inducing a constellation of phenotypes that are classified into specific diseases based on their neuropathological traits. The two most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases worldwide,

关键词： K-ATP CHANNELS PARKINSONS-DISEASE MODEL

Role of phosphorus on the biogeochemical behavior of cadmium in the contaminated soil under leaching and pot experiments

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 488-499页

作者： Hui Jia YifanWu Mengqi Zhang Jinhui Ye Daolin Du He Wang institute of environment and Ecology School of Emergency ManagementJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China School of the environment and Safety Engineering&institute of environment and Ecology Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated HospitalXuzhou 221004China

Phosphorus(P)is involved in various biochemical reactions in plant growth,so it is beneficial to plants growing in soils contaminated by metals,including cadmium(Cd).However,few studies have reported on the mechanistic roles of P in mitigating Cd toxicity to ryegrass root,and especially in alleviating the disruption of the mitochondrial function of living cells.In this study,the physiological and biochemical mechanisms associated with ryegrass growth under various Cd and P treatments were investigated using leaching and pot systems.The concentration of Cd in soil leachates showed a significantly positive relationship with redox potential(P<0.05),but negative relationship(P<0.05)with leachate pH values and dissolved organic carbon(DOC),indicating that exogenous P addition(as H_(2)PO_(4)*)may decrease Cd leaching from contaminated soil.Compared to the control(without P addition),the cumulative Cd content was reduced by 53.3%and 64.5%in the soil leachate with exogenous P application(20 mg/L and 80 mg/L),respectively.Notably,application of P decreased the Cd concentrations in the symplastic fractions and increased the Cd concentrations in the apoplastic fractions in root tips,which may help to alleviate Cd stress to the protoplast.Moreover,exogenous P was found to play a positive role in mitochondrial function and Ca^(2+)variation in root cells under Cd stress,which provides novel insights into the mechanisms of exogenous P in alleviating plant Cd injury.

关键词： Phosphorus Cadmium stress Protoplast Biogeochemical behavior Mitochondrial function

Removal of Cr(Ⅵ)by glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan encapsulating microscale zero-valent iron:Synthesis,mechanism,and longevity

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 115-128页

作者： Yijun Duan Fang Liu Xiang Liu Miao Li School of environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Transportation institute of Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010070China

Microscale zero-valent iron(mZVI)has shown great potential for groundwater Cr(Ⅵ)remediation.However,low Cr(Ⅵ)removal capacity caused by passivation restricted the wide use of mZVI.We prepared mZVI/GCS by encapsulating mZVI in a porous glutaraldehydecrosslinked chitosan matrix,and the formation of the passivation layer was alleviated by reducing the contact between zero-valent iron particles.The average pore diameter of mZVI/GCS was 8.775 nm,which confirmed the mesoporous characteristic of this material.Results of batch experiments demonstrated that mZVI/GCS exhibited high Cr(Ⅵ)removal efficiency in a wide range of pH(2-10)and temperature(5-35℃).Common groundwater coexisting ions slightly affected m ZVI/GCS.The material showed great reusability,and the average Cr(Ⅵ)removal efficiency was 90.41%during eight cycles.In this study,we also conducted kinetics and isotherms analysis.Pseudo-second-order model was the most matched kinetics model.The Cr(Ⅵ)adsorption process was fitted by both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms models,and the maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of m ZVI/GCS reached243.63 mg/g,which is higher than the adsorption capacities of materials reported in most of the previous studies.Notably,the column capacity for Cr(Ⅵ)removal of a mZVI/GCS-packed column was 6.4 times higher than that of a mZVI-packed column in a 50-day experiment.Therefore,mZVI/GCS with a porous structure effectively relieved passivation problems of mZVI and showed practical application prospects as groundwater Cr(Ⅵ)remediation material with practical application prospects.

关键词： Chitosan Glutaraldehyde mZVI Cr(Ⅵ) Groundwater