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Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM) structure promoted the activity and H_(2)O poisoning resistance of Ce Mn/3DOM-TiO_(2) catalyst in NH_(3)-SCR

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 523-533,I0004页

作者： Yaqin Hu Shipeng Ding Chenchen Tan Peng Wu Guobo Li Sheng Wang Hongqiang Yang Yaping Zhang Key Laboratory of energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096China State Power environmental protection Research institute Nanjing210031China

NH_(3)-SCR is an effective mean of NOxremoval in the non-electric industry, however, the high activation temperature and poor H_(2)O resistance of SCR catalysts posed a barrier to its application. In this work, a series of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM) catalysts were synthesized via a colloidal crystal template(CCT) method, and various characterizations were carried out to explore the physicochemical property of catalysts. The experiment results reveal that Ce_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)/3DOM-TiO_(2) catalyst presents the excellent low-temperature catalytic activity of nearly 100% at 100℃. Furthermore, the enhanced H_(2)O resistance is achieved, certified by the unaffected NO remove at 150℃ in the participation of 15 vol% H_(2)O. The characterizations results exhibit that the improved dispersion of the active component and enhanced redox ability are conducive to the low-temperature catalytic activity. N_(2) adsorption and desorption experiments indicate that catalyst with 3DOM support possesses a larger pore diameter and specific surface area, which may weaken the condensation of H_(2)O in the microporosity of catalysts and improved the H_(2)O resistance of the catalyst. In situ DRIFTS results manifest that Ce_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)/3DOM-TiO_(2) catalyst could not only absorb more NH_(3) and generate more surface-active sites, but inhibit the competitive adsorption between H_(2)O and SCR reactants.

关键词： 3DOM material NH_(3)-SCR H_(2)O resistance Low-temperature Cerium Rare earths

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Electrostatic removal of ultrafine carbon black with square-grooved collecting plates:Insights for capturing black carbon emitted from ships

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 559-569页

作者： Zhicheng Wu YifanWang Lingyu Shao Hao Zhang Haobo Dai Haidong Fan Chenghang Zheng Xiang Gao State Key Lab of Clean energy Utilization State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution ControlZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Earth and environmental Sciences University of ManchesterOxford RoadUnited Kingdom Zhejiang Tiandi environmental protection Engineering Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310012China Baima Lake Laboratory(Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of energy and Carbon Neutrality) Hangzhou 310000China

Ships and other mobile pollution sources emitted massive ultrafine and low-resistivity particles containing black carbon(BC),which were harmful to human health and were difficult to capture by conventional electrostatic precipitators(ESPs).In this study,nanoscale carbon black was adopted as simulated particles(SP)with similar physicochemical properties for black carbon emitted from ships(SP-BC)to investigate the feasibility of using an ESP with square-grooved collecting plates for the removal of SP-BC at low backpressures.The increased applied voltage significantly improved the total collection of SP-BC whereas may also promote the conversion of relatively larger particle size SP-BC into nano-size below 20nm.The outlet number concentration of SP-BC under 27 kV at 130℃was three times that of the inlet.While the reduction of the flow rate could strengthen the capture of SP-BC below20 nm,and under the combined action of low flow rate and maximum applied voltage,the collection efficiency of 20-100 nm SP-BC could exceed 90%.In addition,the escape and capture characteristics of SP-BC under long-term rapping were revealed.The square-grooved collecting plate could effectively restrain the re-entrainment of collected SP-BC generated by rapping,and the nanoscale SP-BC was trapped in the grooves after rapping.The results could provide insights into the profound removal of massive nanoscale black carbon emissions from mobile sources.

关键词： Simulated ship black carbon Electrostatic removal Square-grooved collecting plate Long-term rapping

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A global perspective on microbial risk factors in effluents of wastewater treatment plants

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 227-235页

作者： Kejing Chen Jinsong Liang Yuhan Wang Yechen Tao Yun Lu Aijie Wang School of Civil and environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Guohuan environmental protection Technology Development Co. LTD.Shenzhen 518055China State Key Joint Laboratory of environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Effective monitoring and management of microbial risk factors in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)effluents require a comprehensive investigation of these risks.A global survey on microbial risk factors in WWTP effluents could reveal important insights into their risk features.This study aims to explore the abundance and types of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs),virulence factor genes(VFGs),the vector of ARG/VFG,and dominant pathogens in global WWTP effluents.We collected 113 metagenomes of WWTP effluents from the Sequence Read Archive of the National Center for Biotechnology Information and characterized the microbial risk factors.Our results showed that multidrug resistance was the dominant ARG type,while offensive virulence factors were the most abundant type of VFGs.The most dominant types of ARGs in the vector of plasmid and phage were both aminoglycoside resistance,which is concerning as aminoglycosides are often a last resort for treating multi-resistant infections.Acinetobacter baumannii was the most dominant pathogen,rather than Escherichia coli,and a weak negative correlation between Escherichia coli and two other dominant pathogens(Acinetobacter baumannii and Bacteroides uniformis)suggests that using Escherichia coli as a biological indicator for all pathogens in WWTP effluents may not be appropriate.The Getah virus was the most dominant virus found in global WWTP effluents.Our study presents a comprehensive global-scale investigation of microbial risk factors in WWTP effluents,providing valuable insights into the potential risks associated with WWTP effluents and contributing to the monitoring and control of these risks.

关键词： Wastewater treatment plant Microbial risk factor Effluent Pathogen Antibiotic resistance gene Virulence factor gene

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Facile low-temperature supercritical carbonization method to prepare high-loading nickel single atom catalysts for efficient photodegradation of tetracycline

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 373-384页

作者： Han Qiao Lirong Zheng Shiwen Hu Gang Tang Hongri Suo Chongxuan Liu School of Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China State environmental protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility(BSRF) Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

environmental photocatalysis is a promising technology for treating antibiotics in wastewater.In this study,a supercritical carbonization method was developed to synthesize a single-atom photocatalyst with a high loading of Ni(above 5 wt.%)anchored on a carbonnitrogen-silicate substrate for the efficient photodegradation of a ubiquitous environmental contaminant of tetracycline(TC).The photocatalyst was prepared from an easily obtained metal-biopolymer-inorganic supramolecular hydrogel,followed by supercritical drying and carbonization treatment.The low-temperature(300℃)supercritical ethanol treatment prevents the excessive structural degradation of hydrogel and greatly reduces the metal clustering and aggregation,which contributed to the high Ni loading.Atomic characterizations confirmed that Ni was present at isolated sites and stabilized by Ni-N and Ni-O bonds in a Ni-(N/O)_(6)-C/SiC configuration.A 5%Ni-C-Si catalyst,which performed the best among the studied catalysts,exhibited a wide visible light response with a narrow bandgap of 1.45 eV that could efficiently and repeatedly catalyze the oxidation of TC with a conversion rate of almost 100% within 40 min.The reactive species trapping experiments and electron spin resonance(ESR)tests demonstrated that the h+,and·O_(2)-were mainly responsible for TC degradation.The TC degradation mechanism and possible reaction pathways were provided also.Overall,this study proposed a novel strategy to synthesize a high metal loading singleatom photocatalyst that can efficiently remove TC with high concentrations,and this strategy might be extended for synthesis of other carbon-based single-atom catalysts with valuable properties.

关键词： Carbon-based single-atom catalyst Nickel Photocatalytic degradation Tetracycline Visible light

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Atomization characteristics of pyrolysis oil derived from waste tires

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable energy 2024年第1期6卷 39-52页

作者： Hong Feng Zhitong Yin Qin Hong Yiming Hu Lintao Liu Jun Wang Qunxing Huang Yonggang Zhou ZJMI environmental energy Co. LtdHangzhou310003China Tongxiang Taiaisi environmental protection energy Co. Ltd.Jiaxing314500China State Key Laboratory of Clean energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Key Laboratory of Clean energy and Carbon Neutrality of Zhejiang Province Jiaxing Research InstituteZhejiang UniversityJiaxing314031China

The atomization characteristics play a key role in the highly efficient combustion of pyrolysis oil derived from waste tires.In this study,the fuel properties of tire pyrolysis oil(TPO)were initially studied,and then a high-speed camera and a phase Doppler particle analyzer were employed to characterize the atomization feature of TPO.The influence of pressure and nozzle orifice diameter on atomization characteristics such as spray angle,droplet velocity,and droplet size distribution was investigated.The results showed that TPO had a high calorific value of about 43.6 MJ/kg and a low viscosity of 3.84×10^(–6)m^(2)/s at 40℃,which made it have the potential to be used as an alternative fuel.Higher pressure expanded the spray angle and extended the spray in both the axial and radial directions.With increasing pressure,spray angle and droplet velocity raised,and the increase in crushing effect of air reduced the Sauter mean diameter(SMD)of the droplets.To obtain proper atomization quality for combustion,the pressure is expected to be higher than 1.25 MPa.With increasing nozzle orifice diameter,droplet velocity increased,and the SMD of the droplets increased as well due to weakened crushing effect of the orifice.Therefore,the pressure must be increased to maintain the atomization quality when using a nozzle with a larger orifice.Due to the lower viscosity,the velocity and particle size distribution of TPO droplets after atomization were smaller than those of diesel droplets.The extremely small carbon black contained in TPO also contributed to the breaking of droplets and played a certain role in the size reduction of the oil droplets,but it may cause the risk of nozzle blockage.In summary,TPO showed great atomization characteristics for alternative fuel applications.

关键词： Pyrolysis oil Atomization characteristics Spray angle Droplet velocity Droplet size distribution

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The underappreciated role of fugitive VOCs in ozone formation and health risk assessment emitted from seven typical industries in China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 647-657页

作者： Zhiling Liang Yunjiang Yu Bingbing Sun Qian Yao Xihua Lin Yongsheng Wang Jianping Zhang Yingzi Li Xuefeng Wang Zhengzheng Tang Shexia Ma College of environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090China State environmental protection Key Laboratory of environmental protection Health Risk Assessment South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510535China Henan Jiyuan Ecological Environment Testing Center Jiyuan 454650China Ecological Environment Bureau of Jiyuan Production City Integration Demonstration Zone Jiyuan 454650China

Fugitive emission from industrial sources may result in ozone formation and health risk,while the exact contribution of this source remains incompletely understood.In this study,emission characteristics,ozone formation potential(OFP)and health risk of fugitive VOCs in7 representative industries were investigated.Chemical material industry was the dominant contributor to VOCs of fugitive emission in comparison with other industries.The OFP of VOCs from fugitive emission was in the range of 1.45×10^(3)-3.98×10^(5)μg/m^(3),with a higher value than that of organized emission in seven industries except for the coking industry and the chemical material industry,suggesting that fugitive VOCs should be taken into account while developing control strategies.Acetaldehyde,m,p-xylene,n-nonane,ethylene,vinyl chloridethe and other high OFP-contributing species were the major reactive species that should be targeted.Health risk assessment investigated non-cancer and cancer risks of fugitive VOCs in 7 industries were all above safe level(HR>1 and LCR>1×10^(-4)),posing remarkable health threats to human health.OVOCs were the main contributor to non-cancer risk,while halohydrocarbons and aromatics contributed most to cancer risks,posing remarkable health threat on human health.Our findings highlighted the contribution of fugitive VOCs on ozone formation and health risk was underestimated,indicating which should be considered in emission control strategies of industrial sources.

关键词： Industrial sources Volatile organic compounds Fugitive emission Ozone formation potential Health risk assessment

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Degradation behaviors of Nabumetone and its metabolite during UV/monochloramine process:Experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 103-114页

作者： Xiang Tu Yunsong Bai Qing Fu Sheng Chang Kunfeng Zhang Yang Pan Ruiyang Xiao Yifu Fu Qi Zhang State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source ProtectionResearch Centre of Lake EnvironmentNational Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological RestorationChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China School of environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China institute of environmental Engineering School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

This study investigated degradation behaviors of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Nabumetone(NMT)and its major metabolite 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid(MNA)in the coupling process of ultraviolet and monochloramine(UV/NH2Cl).The second-order rate constants of the contaminants reacting with reactive radicals(HO·,Cl·,Cl_(2)·-,and CO_(3)·^(-))were determined by laser flash photolysis experiments.HO·and Cl·contributed predominantly with 52.3%and 21.7%for NMT degradation and 60.8%and 22.3%for MNA degradation.The presence of chlorides retarded the degradation of NMT,while promoted the destruction of MNA,which was ascribed to the photosensitization effects of MNA under UV irradiation.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that radical adduct formation(RAF)was dominant pathway for both HO·and Cl·reacting with the contaminants,and hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)preferred to occur on side chains of NMT and MNA.NMT reacted with NO_(2)·through single electron transfer(SET)with the second-order rate constant calculated to be 5.35×10^(7)(mol/L)^(-1)sec^(-1),and the contribution of NO_(2)·was predicted to be 13.0%of the total rate constant of NMT in pure water,which indicated that NO_(2)·played a nonnegligible role in the degradation of NMT.The acute toxicity and developmental toxicity of NMT were enhanced after UV/NH_(2)Cl treatment,while those of MNA were alleviated.The transformation products of both NMT and MNA exhibited higher mutagenicity than their parent compounds.This study provides a deep understanding of the mechanism of radical degradation of NMT and MNA in the treatment of UV/NH2Cl.

关键词： UV/NH_(2)Cl Reactive species Degradation kinetics Reaction mechanism Degradation products

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Dynamic emission characteristics and control strategies of air pollutants from motor vehicles in downtown Beijing,China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 637-646页

作者： Yan Shen Tongran Wu Aiping Lian Jie Gao Fei Peng Guohua Song Xuefang Wu Yangyang Cui Xinyu Liu Yunfei Wan Jing Yan Yifeng Xue National Engineering Research Center of Urban environmental Pollution Control Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental ProtectionBeijing 100037China Beijing Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau Beijing 100048China Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100091China

This study combined the real-time monitoring and investigation of traffic flows to comprehensively analyze the road traffic flow and vehicle structure in downtown Beijing.A dynamic emission inventory of motor vehicle air pollutants in downtown Beijing in 2021 was established,and the impact of these emissions on air quality was simulated and quantified,and different emission reduction control scenarios were proposed to evaluate their environmental improvement effects and explore measures to mitigate the impact of pollution emissions.The results show that the high traffic flow and the structure of the motor vehicle emissions in downtown Beijing are the main causes of severe motor vehicle pollution.Monitoring data shows that traffic flow in central Beijing is dominated by small passenger vehicles,while the vehicle mix is better than in other regions,with 72.0%of vehicles meeting"National V"or higher emission standards.However,to achieve higher air quality goals,further reducing vehicle emissions is necessary.Based on dynamic traffic flow,the average daily emissions of nitrogen oxides(NOX),particulate matters(PM_(2.5))and volatile organic compounds(VOC)from motor vehicles in central Beijing are 17.7 tons,0.6 tons and 14.0 tons,respectively,accounting for 23.0%of the city’s average daily motor vehicle emissions.If a zero-emission zone for motor vehicles were implemented in central Beijing,the annual average emission level of pollutants will be reduced by 10.4%to 21.0%.The designation of ultra-low emission zones for motor vehicles could be effective in improving the air quality in the center of Beijing.

关键词： Motor vehicle Air pollutant Emission characteristics Control strategy Beijing

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Nutrient transport following water transfer through the world's largest water diversion channel

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 703-714页

作者： Yuanhui Cheng Hong Zhang Wei Yin State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085 China Changjiang Water Resources protection institute Wuhan 430051China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Nutrient levels in the artificial channel constructed for the Middle Route Project are significant indicators of water quality safety and aquatic ecological integrity for this large,interbasin scheme.However,the distribution and transport of nutrients along the channel were poorly understood.Based on a time-series dataset as well as mass balance and material flow analysis methods,the water and nutrient transport fluxes in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were identified in this study.The results indicate that the nutrient concentrations varied considerably with time,but there was no significant difference among the 30 stations of the main channel.Seasonal temperature difference was the major factor in the large fluctuations of water quality indicators over time.The nutrient loadings varied with the water volume outputs from the main channel to the waterreceiving cities.Atmospheric deposition was an important source of nutrients in the main channel,accounting for 9.13%,20.6%,and 0.635%of the nitrogen,phosphorus,and sulfur input from the Danjiangkou Reservoir,respectively.In 2021,a net accumulation of 988 tons of N,29 tons of P,and 2,540 tons of S,respectively,were present in the main channel.The increase of these external and internal nutrient loadings would cause water quality fluctuation and deterioration in some local sections of the main channel.Our study quantified the spatial and temporal patterns of nutrient transport in the Middle Route and revealed the ecological effects on the aquatic environment,assisting authorities on the project to develop effective water conservation strategies.

关键词： Nutrient transport Spatiotemporal patterns The Middle Route The South-to-North Diversion Project Hydro-ecological effects Water-receiving cities

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Thermochemical splitting of CO_(2) on perovskites for CO production: A review

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 464-485,I0011页

作者： Biduan Chen Harriet Kildahl Hui Yang Yulong Ding Lige Tong Li Wang School of energy and environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Chemical Engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Beijing Engineering Research Centre of energy Saving and environmental protection Beijing 100083China

energy supply dominated by fossil energy has been and remains the main cause of carbon dioxide emissions,the major greenhouse gas leading to the current grave climate change challenges.Many technical pathways have been proposed to address the challenges.Carbon capture and utilization(CCU) represents one of the approaches and thermochemical CO_(2) splitting driven by thermal energy is a subset of the CCU,which converts the captured CO_(2) into CO and makes it possible to achieve closed-loop carbon recirculation.Redox-active catalysts are among the most critical components of the thermochemical splitting cycles and perovskites are regarded as the most promising catalysts.Here we review the latest advancements in thermochemical cycles based on perovskites,covering thermodynamic principles,material modifications,reaction kinetics,oxygen pressure control,circular strategies,and demonstrations to provide a comprehensive overview of the topical area.Thermochemical cycles based on such materials require the consideration of trade-off between cost and efficiency,which is related to actual material used,operation mode,oxygen removal,and heat recovery.Lots of efforts have been made towards improving reaction rates,conversion efficiency and cycling stability,materials related research has been lacking-a key aspect affecting the performance across all above aspects.Double perovskites and composite perovskites arise recently as a potentially promising addition to material candidates.For such materials,more effective oxygen removal would be needed to enhance the overall efficiency,for which thermochemical or electrochemical oxygen pumps could contribute to efficient oxygen removal as well as serve as means for inert gas regeneration.The integration of thermochemical CO_(2) splitting process with downstream fuel production and other processes could reduce costs and increase efficiency of the technology.This represents one of the directions for the future research.

关键词： Perovskite Thermochemical cycles CO_(2) splitting Fuel production Non-stoichiometric

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