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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第3期21卷 340-345页

作者： TIAN Dalun ZHU Fan YAN Wende Fang Xi XIANG Wenhua DENG Xiangwen WANG Guangjun PENG Changhui Section of ecology Research Central-South University of Forestry& Technology Hunan 410004 China institute of Environment Sciences Department of Biology Sciences University of Quebec at Montreal Case postale 8888 succ Centre-Ville Montreal (QC) H3C 3P8 Canada

Phytoremediation can be used as a sustainable technology for mine spoil remediation to remove heavy metals. This study investigated the concentration of 7 heavy metal contamination in soil and plant samples at an abandoned mine site. We found that, after vegetation remediation at the abandoned mine site, the reduction rates for 7 heavy metals were in the range of 4.2%-86%, where reduction rates over 50% were achieved for four heavy metals （Zn, Mn, Cd, Ni）. Transfer coefficients of the panicled goldenrain tree （Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm） and the common elaeocarpus （Elaeocarpus decipens） for Zn, Mn, Ni, and Co were more than 1. Enrichment coefficients of both trees for Mn were higher than 1. Our results suggest that the panicled goldenrain tree and the common elaeocarpus tree may act as accumulators in remediation. Moreover, the woody vegetation remediation in abandoned mining areas play an important role in improving scenery besides removing heavy metal from contaminated soil.

关键词： panicled goldenrain tree (Koelreuteria paniculata) common elaeocarpus (Elaeocarpus decipens) heavy metal elements accumulation abandoned mine sites

Environmental heterogeneity regulates species-area relationships through the spatial distribution of species

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第3期9卷 357-365页

作者： Chenqi He Leqi Fang Xinyu Xiong Fan Fan Yangang Li Luoshu He Xiaoli Shen Sheng Li Chengjun Ji Jiangling Zhu institute of ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencesKey Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing100871China School of Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China

Species-area relationships(SARs),also known as species-area curves,are fundamental scaling tools for biodiversity *** design and taxonomic groups affect the widely cited forms of species-area ***,the influence of sampling design and related environmental heterogeneity on SAR curves is rarely ***,we investigated the SAR among different plant life forms(herbaceous plants,shrubs,and trees)in a 25.2-ha ForestGEO plot,the Wanglang Plot,in Sichuan,southwestern China,using a non-contiguous quadrat sampling method and power-law *** compared the estimated parameters(the intercept c and the slope z)of the power-law models among different plant life forms,tested whether the SAR curve forms varied with sampling starting location,and assessed the effect of environmental heterogeneity accumulating with sampling area on curve *** found a wider range of variations in the *** estimated c,z-values of power SAR were higher for the herbaceous plants than for the woody plants.A wider variation of SARs for the herbaceous plants than those for the woody *** selection of sampling starting location affected the SAR curve forms because of the roles of soil and topographic *** concluded that environmental heterogeneity regulates SAR curves sampled from different starting locations through spatial distribution of plant life ***,we recommend considering the design of sampling starting location when constructing SAR curves,especially in a heterogeneous habitat with unrandom distribution patterns of species.

关键词： plants life forms Species-area curves Sampling design Spatial pattern Species diversity

Deep genome skimming reveals the hybrid origin of Pseudosasa gracilis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 344-352页

作者： Xiang-Zhou Hu Cen Guo Sheng-Yuan Qin De-Zhu Li Zhen-Hua Guo Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Pseudosasa gracilis(Poaceae:Bambusoideae)is a temperate woody bamboo species endemic to Southcentral China with a narrow *** phylogenetic studies revealed an unexpected,isolated phylogenetic position of *** we conducted phylogenomic analysis by sampling populations of *** and its sympatric species *** and Sinosasa polytricha reflecting different genomic signals,by deep genome *** molecular evidence from chloroplast genes and genome-wide SNPs,we deciphered the phylogenetic relationships of *** plastid and nuclear data indicate that *** is more closely related to Sinosasa,which is discordant with the taxonomic *** further explore this molecular-morphological conflict,we screened 411“perfect-copy”syntenic genes to reconstruct phylogenies using both the concatenation and coalescent *** observed extensive discordance between gene trees and the putative species tree.A significant hybridization event was detected based on 411 genes from the D subgenome,showing *** was a hybrid descendant between Sinosasa longiligulata and ***,with 63.56%and 36.44%inheritance probabilities of each ***,introgression events were detected in the C subgenome between *** and *** in the same distribution *** findings suggest that sympatric hybridization and introgression play a crucial role in the origin of *** providing an empirical example of bamboo of hybrid origin using comprehensive analyses based on genomic data from different inheritance systems and morphological characters,our study represents a step forward in understanding of reticulate evolution of bamboos.

关键词： Phylogenomics Hybridization Introgression Pseudosasa gracilis Pseudosasa Sinosasa

Soil Microbial Responses to Biochars Varying in Particle Size,Surface and Pore Properties

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 770-780页

作者： Noraini M.JAAFAR Peta L.CLODE Lynette K.ABBOTT Soil Biology and Molecular ecology Group School of Earth and Environment (M087) and UWA Institute of AgricultureThe University of Western Australia Department of Land Management Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra Malaysia Centre for Microscopy Characterisation and Analysis (M010)The University of Western Australia

Biochars are known for their heterogeneity, especially in pore and surface structure associated with pyrolysis processes and sources of feedstocks. The surface area of biochar is likely to be an important determinant of the extent of soil microbial attachment, whereas the porous structure of biochar is expected to provide protection for soil microorganisms. Potential interactions between biochars from different sources and with different particle sizes were investigated in relation to soil microbial properties in a short-term incubation study. Three particle size （sieved） fractions （0.5-1.0, 1.0-2.0 and 2.0-4.0 mm） from three woody biochars produced from jarrah wood, jarrah and wandoo wood and Australian wattle branches, respectively, were incubated in soil at 25 ℃ for 56 d. Observation by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and characterisation of pore and surface area showed that all three woody biochars provided potential habitats for soil microorganisms due to their high porosity and surface areas. The biochars were structurally heterogeneous, varying in porosity and surface structure both within and between the biochar sources. After the 56-d incubation, hyphal colonisation was observed on biochar surfaces and in larger biochar pores. Soil clumping occurred on biochar particles, cementing and covering exposed biochar pores. This may have altered surface area and pore availability for microbial colonisation. Transient changes in soil microbial biomass, without a consistent trend, were observed among biochars during the 56-d incubation.

关键词： microbial biomass, microbial colonisation, microbial habitats, porosity scanning electron microscopy, surface structure

Status and distribution pattern of coarse woody debris along an altitudinal gradient in Askot Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttarakhand, West Himalaya

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Journal of Forestry Research 2009年第A3期20卷 205-212页

作者： Bhupendra Singh Adhikari Department of Habitat ecology Wildlife Institute of India Chandrabani Dehradun 248 001 Uttarakhand India

A rapid assessment on the status and distribution patterns of coarse woody debris （CWD） was conducted by laying five curvilinear transects （transects A, B, C, D and E; major trails）, along an altitudinal gradient starting from 900 to 2 600 m, in three major watersheds （Charigad, Dogarhigad and upper Gosigad） of Goriganga catchment in Askot Wildlife Sanctuary, India. At every 100 m rise in altitude a hectare plot （100 m x 100 m） was selected. Results showed that the percentage contribution by different succession phases was in the decreasing order： phase I 〉 phase II 〉 phase IV 〉 phase III for snags, and phase III〉 phase II 〉 phase IV 〉 phase I for logs. Snag density in chir pine forest was high in transect A （11 snags＇ha^-1） at 1 500 m, and the value in rianj oak forest was high in transect B （10 ***-l） at 2 300 m. The total available mass of snags and logs in chit pine forest was 13.9 t, of which snags mass accounted for 41% of the total mass and logs mass for 59%. While the total value was 5.6 t in rianj oak forest, of which snags and logs accounted for 60% and 40% of the total mass, respectively. Moreover, the presence of CWD in the study area if not harvested, would provide a great opportunity to the orchids in future to flourish by providing protection. The high densities of snags and logs in chir pine forest at mid-altitudinal zone led to less species richness and lower density of ground flora as the zone receives more light, accompanying with lower soil moisture, and thus only the dominant species occupy the habitat.

关键词： Askot Wildlife Sanctuary chir pine coarse woody debris rianj oak Pinus roxburghii Quercus lanata

woody Debris Storage of Evergreen Broad-leaf Forest

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2014年第8期5卷 16-19页

作者： Zeng Zhangquan Wang Silong Zhang Canming Wu Zijian Li Xiquan Hunan Academy of Forestry Hengshan Research Station of Forest Ecosystem Huitong Experimental Station of Forest ecology State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil EcologyInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem

In Yingzuijie National Nature Reserve, Pinus massoniana forest, mixed broadleaf-coniferous forest and evergreen broad-leaf forest were investigated to study the changing characteristics of woody debris （WD） during various succession stages o1 evergreen broad-leaf forest. The results showed that during various succession stages of evergreen broad-leaf forest in Yingzuijie National Nature Reserve, WD storage of each forest ranged from 1.26 to 8.82 t/hm^2, with the order of P. massoniana forest 〈 mixed broadleaf-coniferous forest 〈 evergreen broad-leaf forest, that is, it increased from early to late stages of the succession. At different succession stages, coarse woody debris （CWD） storage was 2 -9 times more than fine woody debris （FWD） storage, revealing that CWD was dominant in WD of each forest. CWD biomass accounted for 0.66% -2.21% of arbor biomass, so the forests were at the developmental stage.

关键词： woody debris Evergreen broad-leaf forest Middle subtropics Succession stages China

Vertical patterns in plant diversity and their relations with environmental factors on the southern slope of the Tianshan Mountains(middle section)in Xinjiang(China)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第4期14卷 742-757页

作者： LIU Bin Xinjiang institute of ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China College of Resource and Environmental Science Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi830046China College of Life Science Xinjiang Normal UniversityUrumqi830054China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The investigation of distribution patterns of species diversity is significant for successful biodiversity conservation. The spatial patterns of vegetation and different life-forms species diversity along an elevation gradient in the middle section of the southern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, China were explored, using the detrended canonical correspondence analysis （DCCA） and the generalized additive model （GAM） methods based on a field survey of 53 sampling plots. In this work 158 species of seed plants were recorded, including 141 herbaceous, 14 shrub, and 2 tree species, in which the woody plants are very limited. 53 sampling plots were classified into 9 major plant communities. The results indicate that the herb communities were the most sensitive to changes in elevation gradient. The diversity indices of the community as a whole presented bimodal patterns. The peak values for the species diversities were found in the transition region between mountain steppe desert and mountain desert steppe （2,200-2,300m）, and in the alpine grassland region （2,900-3,100m）, while maximum species diversities were in the areas of intermediate environmental gradient. The main environmental factors on the distribution patterns in plant diversity were the elevation, soft water, total nitroeen, available nitrogen, organic matter, and total salt. The response tendency of the four diversity indices for the whole community to the soil environment was the same as that of the herb layers.

关键词： Species diversity Distribution pattern Plant community Soil properties Tianshan Mountains

Biochar-Soil Interactions in Four Agricultural Soils

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 729-736页

作者： Noraini M.JAAFAR Peta L.CLODE Lynette K.ABBOTT Soil Biology and Molecular ecology Group School of Earth and Environment (M087)and UWA Institute of AgricultureThe University of Western Australia Department of Land Management Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra Malaysia Centre for Microscopy Characterisation and Analysis (M010)The University of Western Australia

Soils in south-western Australia are highly weathered and deficient in nutrients for agricultural production. Addition of biochar has been suggested as a mean of improving soil C storage, texture and nutrient retention of these soils. Clay amendment in sandy soils in this region is a management practice used to improve soil conditions, including water repellence. In this study a woody biochar(Simcoa biochar) was characterised using scanning electron microscopy before, and four weeks after, it was incorporated into each of four soils differing in clay content and organic matter. Scanning electron microscopy of Simcoa biochar after incubation in soil showed different degrees of attachment of soil particles to the biochar surfaces after 28 d. In addition, the effects of three biochars, Simcoa biochar, activated biochar and Wundowie biochar, on soil microbial biomass C and soil respiration were investigated in a short-term incubation experiment. It was hypothesised that all three biochars would have greater potential to increase soil microbial activity in the soil that had higher organic matter and clay. After 28-d incubation in soil, all three biochars had led to a higher microbial biomass C in the clayey soil, but prior to this time, less marked differences were observed in microbial biomass C among the four soils following biochar application.

关键词： clay amendment microbial biomass carbon scanning electron microscopy soil respiration

Phylogenetic conservatism in threatened species responses to climate change differs between functional types in the Gongga Mountains of China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第12期20卷 3568-3581页

作者： ZU Kui-ling Nawal SHRESTHA JIANG Yong JIA Guo-qing PENG Shi-jia ZHU Xiang-yun WANG Zhi-heng Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China institute of ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityGansuLanzhou 730000China Administration of Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve Kangding 626000China

Climate change has become one of the most critical threats to global ***,whether phylogenetically related species respond to climate change in similar ways remains *** answer to this question is crucial for understanding the impacts of climate change and the conservation on the tree of *** integrating species distribution models with a molecular phylogeny of 50 threatened plant species from one of the global biodiversity hotspots,Gongga Mountains(***)in southwest China,we evaluated the responses of threatened plant species to future climate change,and estimated whether species responses are phylogenetically *** reconstruction was used to calculate the phylogenetic distance and null model to verify the reliability of the *** found that correlations between responses of different species to future climate change decreased with the increase in their phylogenetic distance in the monocotyledonous or herbaceous species,but not in the dicotyledonous and woody *** results suggested that the responses of herbaceous and monocotyledonous threatened species in *** to future climate change tend to be phylogenetically conserved,while the responses of woody and dicotyledonous threatened species are *** study provides evidence for the existence of phylogenetically non-random extinction in the monocotyledonous herbs in *** and highlights the importance of integrating phylogenetic information and evolutionary history into conservation *** also provide theoretical basis and technical support for designing effective conservation schemes for the protection of biodiversity under anthropogenic climate change.

关键词： Conservation strategies Climate suitability Mountain plants Phylogenetic distance Species distribution models

Critical Review on Balanites aegyptiaca Delile:Phytoconstituents,Pharmacological Properties and Nanointerventions

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第7期30卷 653-663页

作者： Surendra Kumar Gautam Rakesh Kumar Paul Devesh M.Sawant Amita Sarwal Kaisar Raza Department of Pharmacy School of Chemical Sciences and PharmacyCentral University of RajasthanBandarsindriAjmerRajasthan305817India University institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Panjab UniversityChandigarh160014India

Balanites aegyptiaca Delile(BA)is an enduring xerophytic woody and spinous flowering tree and is commonly known as desert date or Ingudi(Hingot).It belongs to the family Zygophyllaceae,which is specific to be drought areas of Nigeria,Africa,South Asia and India(Rajasthan).In Ayurveda,this traditional medicinal plant is reported for the management of jaundice,syphilis,yellow fever,metabolic disorders,liver,and spleen *** main aim of the review is to compile its medicinal uses and further advancements to showcase the promises inherited in various parts of the plant for the benefit of *** per the literature survey,various researchers have focused on the detailed investigation of BA including the phytopharmacological evidence,chemical constituents,nano-formulations,commercialized products,and clinical *** remarkable scaffolds and isolated compounds like diosgenin,yamogenin,balanitin1/2,balanitin 3,bal4/5,bal6/7,rutin-3-glycosides,3,7-diglycosides,(3,12,14,16)–(12-hydroxycholest-5-ene-3,16-diyl-bis)-D-glucopyranoside and balanitoside have been ***,this traditional plant has been scientifically proven by in vitro and in *** on the complete review of this plant,most of the compounds have been isolated from the fruit and kernel ***,based on the literature,a histogram was developed for pharmacological activity in which antidiabetic study was found to be more compared to other pharmacological *** a spinous desert dates,this plant needs to be explored more to bring out newer phytochemicals in the management of various diseases.

关键词： Delile desert date phytochemicals nano-phytopharmaceutical pharmacological activities traditional medicine