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A simple method to model the reduced environment of lake bottom sapropel formation

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2017年第4期35卷 956-966页

作者： Olga L.GASKOVA Vera D.STRAKHOVENKO Nadezhda I.ERMOLAEVA Eugene Yu.ZARUBINA Ekaterina A.OVDINA V.S.Sobolev institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk State University institute for Water and Environmental Problems Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

The Kambala and Barchin brackish lakes （Baraba steppe, southern West Siberia） contain an organic-rich sapropel layer that was formed in oxygen-depleted waters. We measured the bulk sediment elemental composition, the water chemistry and determined the mineralogical composition and predominant biota species （Diatoms and Cyanobacteria in phytoplankton community respectively） in the lakes. The result indicates that the first lake has a siliceous type of sapropel and the second a carbonaceous one. A computer thermodynamic model was developed for chemical interaction in water-bottom sediment systems of the Kambala and Barchin Lakes. The surface sodium bicarbonate waters are supersaturated with respect to calcite, magnesite （or low Mg-calcite）, quartz and chlorite with minor strontianite, apatite and goethite （pH 8.9-9.3, Eh 0.3 V）. Nevertheless, it is shown that during sapropel deposition, deep silt waters should be anoxic （Eh〈0 V）. The virtual component CH20 has been used to create an anoxic environment suitable for pyrite formation due to the biotic community impact and abiotic reduction. Thermodynamic calculation has shown that silt water is not necessarily euxinic （anoxic and sulfidic）. Depending on Eh, sulfate sulfur can dominate in solution, causing the formation of gypsum together with pyrite. An attempt was made to find a reason for solution supersaturation with respect to Ca and Mg ions due to their complexation with humic acids.

关键词： brackish lakes sapropel sediments mineral composition silica calcite thermodynamic calculations

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Biogeochemical conversion of sulfur species in saline lakes of Steppe Altai

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第3期36卷 676-686页

作者： BORZENKO Svetlana V. KOLPAKOVA Marina N. SHVARTSEV Stepan L. ISUPOV Vitaly P. institute of Natural Resources Ecology and CryologySiberian Branch of Russian Academy of SeiencesChita 672049Russia Sobolev institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk 630090Russia National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk 634050Russia Tomsk Department of the Trofimuk institute of Petroleum-Gas Geology and Geophysics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesTomsk 634050Russia institute of Solid State chemistry and Mechanochemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk 630090Russia

The aim of the present research is to identify the main mechanisms of sulfur behavior in saline lakes in the course of time and followed transformations in their chemical composition. The influence of water on chemical composition of biochemical processes involved in decomposition of organic matter was determined by the study of behavior of reduced forms of sulfur in lakes. The determination of reduced forms of sulfur was carried out by successive transfer of each form of sulfur to hydrogen sulfide followed by photometric measurements. The other chemical components were determined by standard methods(atomic absorption, potentiometric method, titration method and others). The salt lakes of the Altai steppe were studied in summer season 2013–2015. Analysis of the chemical composition of the saline lakes of Altai Krai has shown that carbonate-, hydrocarbonate-and chloride ions dominate among anions; sodium is main cation; sulfates are found in subordinate amounts. Reduced forms of sulfur occur everywhere: hydrogen and hydrosulfide sulfur S^(2-) prevail in the bottom sediments; its derivative—elemental S^0—prevails in the lakes water. The second important species in water of soda lakes is hydrosulfide sulfur S^(2-), and in chloride lakes is thiosulfate sulfur S_2O_2^(3ˉ). The lag in the accumulation of sulfates in soda lakes in comparison to chloride lakes can be explained by their bacterial reduction, followed by the formation and deposition of iron sulfides in sediments. In chloride lakes gypsum is a predominantly barrier for sulfates.

关键词： saline lake sulfate reduction gypsum Altai

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Influence of Features of Interphase Boundaries on Mechanical Properties and Fracture Pattern in Metal-Ceramic Composites

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2013年第11期29卷 1025-1034页

作者： Sergey Psakhie Vladimir Ovcharenko Baohai Yu Evgeny Shilko Sergey Astafurov Yury Ivanov Alexey Byeli Alexey Mokhovikov institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences institute of High technology Physics Tomsk Polytechnic University Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science institute of High Current Electronics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Physical-Technical institute Yurga Technological institute Tomsk Polytechnic University

The results of a theoretical study on the influence of strength of interphase boundaries in metal-ceramic composite on macroscopical characteristics of composite response such as strength, deformation capacity, fracture energy and fracture pattern are presented. The study was conducted by means of computer-aided simulation by means of movable cellular automaton method taking account of a developed ＂mesoscopical＂ structural model of particle-reinforced composite. The strength of interphase boundaries is found to be a key structural factor determining not only the strength properties of metal-ceramic composite, but also the pattern and rate of fracture. The principles for achievement of the high-strength values of particle/binder interfaces in the metal-ceramic composition due to the formation of the wide transition zones （areas of variable chemical composition） at the interphase boundaries are discussed. Simulation results confirm that such transition zones provide a change in fracture mechanism and make the achievement of a high-strength and a high deformation capacity of metal-ceramic composite possible.

关键词： Metal--ceramic composites Particle-reinforced composite Interphase boundaries Discrete element based analysis Strength and fracture energy Fracture pattern

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Effects of Substrate Pulse Bias Duty Cycle on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti–Cu–N Films Deposited by Magnetic Field-Enhanced Arc Ion Plating

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第2期30卷 176-184页

作者： Sheng-Sheng Zhao Yan-Hui Zhao Lv-Sha Cheng Vladimir Viktorovich Denisov Nikolay Nikolaevich Koval Bao-Hai Yu Hai-Juan Mei School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shenzhen Polytechnic institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences institute of High Current Electronics Siberian BranchRussian Academy of Sciences

Ti–Cu–N films were deposited on 316 L stainless steel substrates by magnetic field-enhanced arc ion *** effect of substrate pulse bias duty cycle on the chemical composition,microstructure,surface morphology,mechanical and tribological properties of the films was systemically *** results showed that,with increasing the duty cycle,Cu content decreases from 3.3 to 0.58 at.%.XRD results showed that only Ti N phase is observed for all the deposited films and the preferred orientation transformed from Ti N（200） to Ti N（111） plane with the increase in duty *** surface roughness and deposition rate showed monotonous decrease with increasing the duty *** residual stress and hardness firstly increase and then decrease afterwards with the increase in duty cycle,while the variation of critical load shows reverse *** for the film with duty cycle of 10%,others perform the better wear resistance.

关键词： Magnetic field Arc ion plating Ti-Cu-N film Residual stress Hardness

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Diffuse Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry of BN Films Deposited on Steels by Remote Microwave Plasma CVD from Borazine

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Chinese Physics Letters 1996年第4期13卷 309-312页

作者： LEI Ming-kai MA Teng-cai V.A.Emel'kin National Laboratory of Material Modification Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024 institute of Thermophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk 630090Russia

The diffuse reflectance Fourier trmisfonn infrared spectra of the boron nitride(BN)films deposited on steels by remote microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition(CVD)from borazine with nitrogen,hydrogen and argon were investigated in the wavenumber range of 400-4000 cm^(-1).It was found that the cubic BN for million depends on production of the intermediate species of cyclo triborazane((BH2NH2)3)and its *** structuml bonds of cydotriborazane are similar to that of cubic *** conditions for deposited BN films were found to be the bora,zine-nitrogen mixture at the substrate *** of 550℃.The BN films were n mixture of crystalline cubic BN accounting for the major content and hexagonal BN with relatively low hydrogen content.

关键词： cubic Infrared tempera

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Uranium in Saline Lakes of Mongolia and Adjacent Areas

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第S1期88卷 137-138页

作者： Vitaly ISUPOV Ariunbileg SODOV Svetlana SHATSKAYA Marina KOLPAKOVA Ljudmila RAZVOROTNEVA Alexander VLADIMIROV Stepan SHVARTSEV Leonid KUIBIDA Sergey KRIVONOGOV Ekaterina MOROZ institute of Solid State chemistry and Mechanochemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Mongolian Academy of Sciences Tomsk branch of the Trofimuk institute of Oil and Gas Geology and Geophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Sobolev institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Tomsk State University institute of chemical Kinetics and Combustion Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences

1 Introduction Increasing demand for uranium raw materials for the nuclear industry has stimulated interest in non-traditional sources,including hydromineral ones[Qin,2009].Those are saline lakes located in the uraniu... 详细信息

关键词： saline lakes uranium Mongolia Chuya basin Altai region sorption

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Electrostatic Interaction-directed Construction of Hierarchical Nanostructured Carbon Composite with Dual Electrical Conductive Networks for Zinc-ion Hybrid Capacitors with Ultrastability

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 184-192页

作者： Changyu Leng Zongbin Zhao Xuzhen Wang Yuliya V.Fedoseeva Lyubov G.Bulusheva Alexander V.Okotrub Jian Xiao Jieshan Qiu State Key Lab of Fine chemicals School of Chemical EngineeringLiaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Nikolaev institute of Inorganic chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences3 Acad.Lavrentiev Ave.Novosibirsk 630090Russia College of chemical Engineering Beijing University of chemical technology Beijing 100029China

Metal-organic framework(MOF)-derived carbon composites have been considered as the promising materials for energy ***,the construction of MOF-based composites with highly controllable mode via the liquid-liquid synthesis method has a great challenge because of the simultaneous heterogeneous nucleation on substrates and the self-nucleation of individual MOF nanocrystals in the liquid ***,we report a bidirectional electrostatic generated self-assembly strategy to achieve the precisely controlled coatings of single-layer nanoscale MOFs on a range of substrates,including carbon nanotubes(CNTs),graphene oxide(GO),MXene,layered double hydroxides(LDHs),MOFs,and SiO_(2).The obtained MOF-based nanostructured carbon composite exhibits the hierarchical porosity(V_(meso)/V_(micro)∶2.4),ultrahigh N content of 12.4 at.%and"dual electrical conductive networks."The assembled aqueous zinc-ion hybrid capacitor(ZIC)with the prepared nanocarbon composite as a cathode shows a high specific capacitance of 236 F g^(-1)at 0.5 A g^(-1),great rate performance of 98 F g^(-1)at 100 A g^(-1),and especially,an ultralong cycling stability up to 230000 cycles with the capacitance retention of 90.1%.This work develops a repeatable and general method for the controlled construction of MOF coatings on various functional substrates and further fabricates carbon composites for ZICs with ultrastability.

关键词： carbon composite electrostatic interaction metal-organic framework coating self-assembly zinc-ion hybrid capacitor

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Insight into the key kinetic steps in the pyrolysis of coking and non-coking coals,characterization of the pyrolysis products

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International Journal of Coal Science & technology 2023年第2期10卷 169-180页

作者： P.N.Kuznetsov O.Yu.Fetisova L.I.Kuznetsova B.Avid B.Purevsuren institute of Petroleum and Gas Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarskRussia institute of chemistry and chemical technology SB RAS Federal Research Center"Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS"KrasnoyarskRussia institute of chemistry and chemical technology Mongolian Academy of SciencesUlaanbaatarMongolia

The chemical composition,structural and plastometric properties of different-ranked coals from Mongolia deposits were *** non-isothermal iso-conversion Ozawa-Flynn-Wall and Friedman model-free methods were used to assess kinetic parameters and to differentiate decomposition *** peculiarities of the pyrolysis kinetics of brown and bituminous coals were revealed and discussed in terms of the composition and plastometric *** coal was shown to undergo three decomposition steps with ever increasing activation energy as temperature increased because of the decomposition of thermally more and more stable molecular *** pyrolysis of bituminous coals occurred in four steps,the activation energy having extreme mode of temperature *** important new finding was that the temperature range of the second,major pyrolysis step well corresponded to that between the softening and re-solidification temperatures according to Gieseler *** yield and composition of the pyrolysis products obtained under isothermal conditions were also characterized depending on coal rank and temperature,and the ways for qualified utilizations were offered.

关键词： Coal Pyrolysis Thermogravimetry Plastometry Activation energy

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Steam Gasification of Different Brown Coals Catalysed by the Naturally Occurring Calcium Species

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International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy 2013年第1期2卷 1-11页

作者： Peter N. Kuznetsov Svetlana M. Kolesnikova Ludmila I. Kuznetsova institute of chemistry and chemical technology Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Krasnoyarsk Russia

The effects of the constituents of mineral matter in brown coals from different deposits of Kansk-Achinsk, Lenaand from Yallourn Basins on the structural parameters and steam gasification reactivities of respective coal chars at moderate temperature and at low and high pressure were studied in this paper. The data on how the preliminary decationization with diluted hydrochloric, acetic and sulphuric acids affect char gasification reactivities are presented. The importance of surface area and crystallinity of chars and the presence of naturally occurring metals on gasification reactivity is considered. Quantitative correlations between the calcium contents and the extents of gasification are revealed. The gasification results obtained in a flow reactor with steam stream and in an autoclave reactor at high pressure of gaseous products are compared. The catalytic effect of dispersed calcium oxide-carbonate particles produced from the naturally occurring calcium containing carboxylates was shown to be a key factor for char gasification reactivity, the effect in the flow reactor being much larger as compared to that in the autoclave reactor. This was mainly related to different forms of catalytically active calcium species and to the composition of the gaseous reaction mixture.

关键词： Coal Mineral Matter Steam Gasification Calcium Catalysis

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Reactive SPS of Al_(2)O_(3)–RE:YAG(RE=Ce;Ce+Gd)composite ceramic phosphors

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第5期12卷 1015-1032页

作者： Denis Yu.Kosyanov Anastasia A.Vornovskikh Oleg O.Shichalin Evgeniy K.Papynov Anton A.Belov Aleksandra A.Kosianova Aleksandr N.Fedorets Andrei A.Leonov Alexey P.Zavjalov Sergey A.Tikhonov Yanbin Wang Ziqiu Cheng Xin Liu Jiang Li Far Eastern Federal University Vladivostok 690922Russia institute of Automation and Control Processes Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690041Russia Laboratory of Methods of Synchrotron Radiation Institute of Solid State Chemistry and MechanochemistrySiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk 630128Russia Kamchatka branch of Geophysical Survey of the russian academy of sciences Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006Russia Key Laboratory of Transparent Opto-functional Inorganic Materials Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201899China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Ultrafine-grained Al_(2)O_(3)–rare earth:yttrium aluminium garnet(Al_(2)O_(3)–RE:YAG)(RE=Ce;Ce+Gd)composite ceramics were obtained for the first time by reactive spark plasma sintering(SPS)using commercially available initial oxide *** effect of key sintering parameters(temperature,dwell time,and external pressure(P_(load)))on densification peculiarities,structural-phase states,and luminescent properties of composites was studied *** in phase formation and densification between Ce-doped and Ce,Gd-codoped systems were *** of reactive SPS,at which there is partial melting with the formation of near-eutectic zones of the Al_(2)O_(3)–YAG system/coexistence of several variations of the YAG-type phase,were *** corundum–garnet biphasic ceramics with an optimal balance between microstructural and luminescence performance were synthesized at 1425℃/30 min/30–60 *** external quantum efficiency(EQE)of the phosphor converters reached 80.7%and 72%with close lifetime of~63.8 ns,similar to those of commercial Ce:YAG materials,which is promising for further applications in the field of high-power white light-emitting diodes(WLEDs)and laser diodes(LDs).

关键词： alumina–Ce^(3+)-doped yttrium aluminium garnet(Al_(2)O_(3)–Ce:YAG)ceramic phosphors reactive spark plasma sintering(SPS) structural-phase states microstructure luminescence performance

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