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Elevation of basal lacustrine sediments along the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River and its implications for the reconstruction of Holocene water levels

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2924-2936页

作者： Shuchun YAO Chunhai LI Bin XUE Nanjing institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,a primary region for freshwater lakes in China,have undergone significant transformations throughout the *** changes,driven by factors such as sea-level rise,climate change,and human activities,have led to the progressive elevation of water levels in this *** a result,a floodplain has emerged,characterized by the formation of numerous shallow lakes along the river ***,the pattern of water-level changes in the main channel of the Yangtze River during the Holocene remains *** gap in knowledge poses challenges for understanding sediment transport dynamics,the interactions between the river and its adjacent lakes,and the prevention and control of flood disasters in the Yangtze River *** shed light on these issues,our study compiled data on the surface elevation and water depth of 81 lakes in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River ***,we analyzed historical water-level records from the 1900s to the 1970s at eight gauging stations from Shashi to Jiangyin along the river’s main *** findings reveal that,particularly along the Jingjiang section,the basal elevation of most lakes is lower than the Yangtze River’s water level during the dry ***,the water level of the main stream exceeds that of both the floodplain and the lakes enclosed by the Jingjiang *** the tidal reach,especially within the Taihu Lake basin,the basal elevation of lakes typically falls below sea ***,lakes located along the section from Chenglingji to Wuhu exhibit basal elevations that correspond with the Yangtze River’s annual average and dry season water *** the widespread presence of lakes along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,our study introduces a new proxy for reconstructing the mean water level of the mid-lower Yangtze River in the *** analyzing sediments from Nanyi Lake and Chenyao Lake in the lower Yangtze River,we a

关键词： Middle and lower Yangtze River Holocene Water level Floodplain lakes Basal sediment elevation

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Multifunction-oriented high-mobility polymer semiconductors

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 16-19页

作者： Mingliang Zhu Yunlong Guo Yunqi Liu Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular sciences Organic Solids Laboratory Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The discovery of conductive polyacetylene has initiated interdisciplinary research into condensed matter physics and synthetic chemistry in organic electronics. Unlike their inorganic and small-molecule counterparts, polymer semiconductors possess the inherent advantages of facile solution processing,large-area manufacturing, excellent mechanical strength and intrinsic flexibility.

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Species-specific and generalized allometric biomass models for eight Fagaceae species in the understory of evergreen broadleaved forests in subtropical China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 156-170页

作者： Shengwang Meng Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China

Quantifying the biomass of saplings in the regeneration component is critical for understanding biogeochemical processes of forest ***,accurate allometric equations have yet to be developed in sufficient *** develop species-specific and generalized allometric equations,154 saplings of eight Fagaceae tree species in subtropical China’s evergreen broadleaved forests were *** dendrometric variables,root collar diameter(d),height(h),and crown area(ca)were applied in the model by the weighted nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression *** only d as an input variable,the species-specific and generalized allometric equations estimated the aboveground biomass reasonably,with R _(adj)^(2) values generally>*** h and/or ca improved the fitting of some biomass components to a certain *** equations showed a relatively large coefficient of variation but comparable bias to species-specific *** in the absence of species-specific equations at a given location are generalized equations for mixed species *** developed regression equations can be used to accurately calculate the aboveground biomass of understory Fagaceae regeneration trees in China’s subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests.

关键词： Allometry Aboveground biomass Additivity Regeneration Subtropical China

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Coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations and their application to ENSO ensemble forecasts

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第3期67卷 826-842页

作者： Wansuo DUAN Lei HU Rong FENG LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Limitations are existed in current ensemble forecasting initial perturbation methods for describing the interactions among various spheres of the Earth system. In this study, a new method is proposed, namely, the coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(C-CNOP) method, which incorporates multisphere interactions much appropriately. The El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) is a typical ocean-atmosphere “coupling”(or “interaction”) phenomenon. The C-CNOP method is applied to ensemble forecasting of ENSO. It is demonstrated that the C-CNOP method can generate coupled initial perturbations(CPs) that appropriately consider initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty for ENSO ensemble forecasts. Results reveal that the CPs effectively improve the ability of ENSO ensemble-mean forecasts in both temporal variability of Nio3.4 sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs) and spatial variability of ENSO mature-phase SSTAs. Notably, despite the weakest ocean-atmosphere coupling strength in the tropical Pacific occurring during the boreal spring and summer, CPs still capture the uncertainties of this weak coupling when ENSO predictions are initialized at these seasons. This performance of CPs significantly suppresses the rapid increase of ENSO prediction errors due to the high ocean-atmosphere coupling instability during these seasons, and thus effectively extends the lead time of skillful ENSO forecasting. Hence, the C-CNOP method is a suitable initial perturbation approach for ENSO ensemble forecast that can describe initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty. It is expected that the CCNOP method plays a significant role in predictions of other high-impact climate phenomena, and even future Earth system predictions.

关键词： Ensemble forecast Multisphere interaction Initial perturbations ENSO

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Dynamic simulation analysis of molten salt reactor-coupled air-steam combined cycle power generation system

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 222-233页

作者： Jing-Lei Huang Guo-Bin Jia Li-Feng Han Wen-Qian Liu Li Huang Zheng-Han Yang Shanghai institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

A nonlinear dynamic simulation model based on coordinated control of speed and flow rate for the molten salt reactor and combined cycle systems is proposed here to ensure the coordination and stability between the molten salt reactor and power *** model considers the impact of thermal properties of fluid variation on accuracy and has been validated with *** study reveals the capability of the control system to compensate for anomalous situations and maintain shaft stability in the event of perturbations occurring in high-temperature molten salt tank outlet ***,the control system’s impact on the system’s dynamic characteristics under molten salt disturbance is also *** results reveal that after the disturbance occurs,the controlled system benefits from the action of the control,and the overshoot and disturbance amplitude are positively correlated,while the system power and frequency eventually return to the initial *** simulation model provides a basis for utilizing molten salt reactors for power generation and maintaining grid stability.

关键词： Molten salt reactor Combined cycle Dynamic characteristic Control

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Exploring the shadow of a rotating charged ModMax black hole

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 89-101页

作者： Khurshid Karshiboev Farruh Atamurotov Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov Ali Övgün Anvar Reyimberganov institute of Theoretical Physics National University of UzbekistanTashkent 100174Uzbekistan New uzbekistan University Movarounnahr Street 1Tashkent 100000Uzbekistan Central Asian University Milliy Bog'Street 264Tashkent 111221Uzbekistan University of Tashkent for Applied sciences Str.Gavhar 1Tashkent 100149Uzbekistan Tashkent State Technical University Tashkent 100095Uzbekistan Ulugh Beg Astronomical institute Astronomy Street 33Tashkent 100052Uzbekistan institute of Fundamental and Applied Research National Research University TIIAMEKori Niyoziy 39Tashkent 100000Uzbekistan Physics Department Eastern Mediterranean UniversityFamagusta99628 North Cyprusvia Mersin 10Turkey Urgench State University Urgench 220100Uzbekistan

The research presented in this paper discusses the impact that the parameters of charge(Q)and screening factor(γ)have on properties of the horizon and silhouette of rotating charged Mod Max black holes which were reviewed in[***.J.C(2022)82:1155]recently,building upon previous findings in the ***,the study explores the behavior of null geodesics,which can help us better understand the apparent shape of the black hole’s silhouette,as well as the distortion parameter and approximate radii of the silhouette that are influenced by the aforementioned parameters,and there are some values of parameter Q which corresponds to data from the Event Horizon Telescope(EHT).Notably,we explore the distortion parameter and approximate radii of the silhouette,revealing that while an increase inγleads to a growth in silhouette radius(Rs),it simultaneously reduces the distortion rate(δs).Conversely,heightened Q charge results in a reduction of Rsaccompanied by an increase inδ***,the paper analyzes the effects of the black hole’s parameters on the effective potential and energy emission:the peak value of the energy emission rate experiences a decrease as the screening factor(γ)increases,while it increases with higher values of the charge parameter(Q).

关键词： black hole ModMax gravity rotating black hole black hole shadow

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Equilibrium Strategy of the Pursuit-Evasion Game in Three-Dimensional Space

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第2期11卷 446-458页

作者： Nuo Chen Linjing Li Wenji Mao School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The pursuit-evasion game models the strategic interaction among players, attracting attention in many realistic scenarios, such as missile guidance, unmanned aerial vehicles, and target defense. Existing studies mainly concentrate on the cooperative pursuit of multiple players in two-dimensional pursuit-evasion games. However, these approaches can hardly be applied to practical situations where players usually move in three-dimensional space with a three-degree-of-freedom control. In this paper,we make the first attempt to investigate the equilibrium strategy of the realistic pursuit-evasion game, in which the pursuer follows a three-degree-of-freedom control, and the evader moves freely. First, we describe the pursuer's three-degree-of-freedom control and the evader's relative coordinate. We then rigorously derive the equilibrium strategy by solving the retrogressive path equation according to the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Isaacs(HJBI) method, which divides the pursuit-evasion process into the navigation and acceleration phases. Besides, we analyze the maximum allowable speed for the pursuer to capture the evader successfully and provide the strategy with which the evader can escape when the pursuer's speed exceeds the threshold. We further conduct comparison tests with various unilateral deviations to verify that the proposed strategy forms a Nash equilibrium.

关键词： Differential game equilibrium strategy pursuit-evasion game threedegree-of-freedom control

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TULAM:trajectory-user linking via attention mechanism

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Science China(Information sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 51-68页

作者： Hao LI Shuyu CAO Yaqing CHEN Min ZHANG Dengguo FENG Trusted Computing and Information Assurance Laboratory Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese academy of sciences

Recently,the application of location-based services(LBS) has become a prevalent means to provide convenience in customers’ everyday ***,because massive volumes of location information are collected by LBS applications,users may suffer from serious privacy *** studies have shown that the identities of users can be inferred from historical anonymous trajectories,which is formulated as the trajectory-user linking(TUL) *** some recurrent neural network(RNN)-based models have been proposed to capture implicit movement patterns among trajectories to improve TUL performance,they cannot learn the sequential and contextual semantics within any individual trajectory completely,leaving the advantages of RNNs *** therefore propose an RNN model with an attention mechanism called TULAM to improve the accuracy of the TUL *** learns sequential relationships within individual trajectories via RNN and captures contextual semantics from trajectories via a multi-head attention ***,we propose a novel location encoding method called approximate one-hot to solve the corpus shortage problem of trajectory *** were conducted on real datasets from the Gowalla and Foursquare LBS *** experimental results indicate that TULAM is a practical solution that achieves significant improvements over existing methods with satisfactory model complexity and convergence.

关键词： information security data security and privacy trajectory-user linking deep learning recurrent neural network attention mechanism

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Recent advances and key perspectives of in-situ studies for oxygen evolution reaction in water electrolysis

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第10期9卷 1497-1517页

作者： Yi Wang Zichen Xu Xianhong Wu Zhong-Shuai Wu State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese academy of sciences Shijingshan District Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences

Electricity-driven water splitting to produce hydrogen is one of the most efficient ways to alleviate energy crisis and environmental pollution problems, in which the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER) is the key half-reaction of performance-limiting in water splitting. Given the complicated reaction process and surface reconstruction of the involved catalysts under actual working conditions, unraveling the real active sites, probing multiple reaction intermediates and clarifying catalytic pathways through in-situ characterization techniques and theoretical calculations are essential. In this review, we summarize the recent advancements in understanding the catalytic process, unlocking the water oxidation active phase and elucidating catalytic mechanism of water oxidation by various in-situ characterization techniques. Firstly, we introduce conventionally proposed traditional catalytic mechanisms and novel evolutionary mechanisms of OER, and highlight the significance of optimal catalytic pathways and intrinsic stability. Next, we provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamental working principles,different detection modes, applicable scenarios, and limitations associated with the in-situ characterization techniques. Further, we exemplified the in-situ studies and discussed phase transition detection, visualization of speciation evolution, electronic structure tracking, observation of reaction active intermediates, and monitoring of catalytic products, as well as establishing catalytic structure–activity relationships and catalytic mechanism. Finally, the key challenges and future perspectives for demystifying the water oxidation process are briefly proposed.

关键词： In-situ studies Water splitting Oxygen evolution reaction Catalytic mechanism

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BrrTCP4b interacts with BrrTTG1 to suppress the development of trichomes in Brassica rapa var. rapa

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 416-420页

作者： Cheng Li Li Zhang Hefan Li Yuanwen Duan Xuemei Wen Yongping Yang Xudong Sun The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives OmicsInstitute of Tibetan Plateau Research at KunmingKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China University of Chinese academy of sciences BeijingChina Tibet Plateau institute of Biology Lhasa 850001TibetChina

The number of trichomes significantly increased in CRISPR/Cas9-edited BrrTCP4b turnip(Brassica rapa ***)***,the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be *** this study,we performed the Y2H screen using BrrTCP4b as the bait,which unveiled an interaction between BrrTCP4b and BrrTTG1,a pivotal WD40-repeat protein transcription factor in the MYB-bHLH-WD40(MBW)*** physical interaction was further validated through bimolecular luciferase complementation and ***,it was found that the interaction between BrrTCP4b and BrrTTG1 could inhibit the activity of MBW complex,resulting in decreased expression of BrrGL2,a positive regulator of trichomes *** contrast,AtTCP4 is known to regulate trichomes development by interacting with AtGL3 in Arabidopsis ***,this study revealed that BrrTCP4b is involved in trichome development by interacting with BrrTTG1 in turnip,indicating a divergence from the mechanisms observed in model plant *** findings contribute to our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing trichome development in the non-model plants turnip.

关键词： TCP transcription factor MBW complex Trichome development Turnip

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