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Migration routes and strategies of Grey Plovers (Pluvialis squatarola) on the East Atlantic Flyway as revealed by satellite tracking

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avian research 2019年第3期10卷 305-318页

作者： Klaus-Michael Exo Franziska Hillig Franz Bairlein institute of avian research Vogelwarte Helgoland

Background:While the general migration routes of most waders are known,details concerning connectivity between breeding grounds, stopover sites and wintering grounds are often *** information is critical from the conservation perspective and necessary for understanding the annual *** are especially needed to identify key stopover sites in remote regions. Using satellite transmitters, we traced spring and autumn migration routes and connectivity of Grey Plovers on the East Atlantic *** findings also revealed the timing,flight speed, and duration of migrations. Methods:We used ARGOS satellite transmitters to track migration routes of 11 Grey Plovers that were captured at the German Wadden Sea where they had stopped during *** were monitored for up to 3 years,***:Monitoring signals indicated breeding grounds in the Taimyr and Yamal regions;important staging sites on the coasts of the southern Pechora Sea and the Kara Sea;and wintering areas that ranged from NW-Ireland to Guinea *** average distance traveled from wintering grounds to breeding grounds was 5534 km. Migration duration varied between 42 and 152 days;during this period birds spent about 95% of the time at staging *** spring most plovers crossed inland Eastern Europe, whereas in autumn most followed the *** all of the birds departed during favorable wind conditions within just 4 days (27-30 May) on northward migration from the Wadden *** spring birds migrated significantly faster between the Wadden Sea and the Arctic than on return migration in autumn (12 vs.37 days),with shorter stopovers during the northward ***:Our study shows that satellite tags can shed considerable light on migration strategies by revealing the use of different regions during the annual cycle and by providing detailed quantitative data on population connectivity and migration timing.

关键词： Annual cycle Long-distance migration Migration speed Migration strategy Migration timing Satellite transmitters Shorebirds Tracking Stopover

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A dopant-assisted iodide-adduct chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer based on VUV lamp photoionization for atmospheric low-molecular-weight organic acids analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 500-511页

作者： Yonglei Zhang Ruidong Liu Mei Li Yingzhe Guo Jichuang Kong Keyong Hou Environment research institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Formic and acetic acids are the most abundant gaseous organic acids and play the key role in the atmospheric *** iodine-adduct chemical ionizationmass spectrometry(CIMS),the low utilization efficiency of methyl iodide and humidity interference are two major issues of the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)lamp initiated CIMS for on-line gaseous formic and acetic acids *** this work,we present a new CIMS based on VUV lamp,and the ion-molecular reactor is separated into photoionization and chemical ionization zones by a reducer *** was added to the photoionization zone,and the VUV photoionization acetone provided low-energy electrons for methyl iodide to generate I−,and the addition of acetone reduced the amount of methyl iodide by 2/*** the chemical ionization zone,a headspace vial containing ultrapure water was added for humidity calibration,and the vial changes the sensitivity as a function of humidity from ambiguity to well linear correlation(R2>0.95).With humidity calibration,the CIMS can quantitatively measure formic and acetic acids in the humidity range of 0%-88%*** this mode,limits of detection of 10 and 50 pptv are obtained for formic and acetic acids,*** the relative standard deviation(RSD)of quantitation stability for 6 days were less than 10.5%.This CIMS was successfully used to determine the formic and acetic acids in the underground parking and ambient environment of the Shandong University campus(Qingdao,China).In addition,we developed a simple model based formic acid concentration to assess vehicular emissions.

关键词： Formic acid Acetic acid Vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)lamp photoionization(PI) Chemical ionization(CI) Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) Trace gases measurement

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Migration phenology determines niche use of East Asian buntings (Emberizidae)during stopover

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Current Zoology 2018年第6期64卷 681-692页

作者： Wieland HEIM Jana A.ECCARD Franz BAIRLEIN institute of Landscape Ecology Munster UniversityHeisenbergstraβe 2Munster48149Germany Animal Ecology Institute of Biology and BiochemistryUniversitat PotsdamMaulbeerallee 1Potsdam14469Germany institute of avian research "vogelwarte helgoland" An der Vogelwarte 21Wilhelmshaven28386Germany

Stopover niche utilization of birds during migration has not gained much attention so far,since the majority of the studies focuses on breeding or wintering ***,stopover sites are crucial for migratory *** are often used by a multitude of species,which could lead to increased *** this work,we investigated niche use of 8 migratory and closely related Emberiza bunting species at a stopover site in Far East Russia,situated on the poorly studied East Asian *** used bird ringing data to evaluate morphological similarity as well as niche overlap on the trophic,spatial,and temporal *** morphology was used as a proxy for their trophic *** were able to prove that a majority of the species occupies well-defined stopover niches on at least one of the *** breadth and niche overlap differ between spring and autumn season with higher overlap found during *** differences are mostly related to overall size and wing *** temporal dimension is most important for segregation among the studied ***,all species seem to exhibit a rather strict and consistent phenological *** occurrence at the study site is highly correlated with their geographic origin and the length of their migration *** assume that buntings are able to use available resources opportunistically during stopover,while trying to follow a precise schedule in order to avoid competition and to ensure individual fitness.

关键词： bird migration Emberiza habitat use non-breeding phenology stopover

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Design and Application of Turbine Cascade Partitioned Endwall Profiling

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 110-128页

作者： ZENG Fei JIANG Ruiqi XUE Xingxu DU Wei LUO Lei ZHOU Xun AECC Hunan Aviation Powerplant research institute Zhuzhou 412002China School of Energy Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Science and Technology on Diesel Engine Turbocharging Laboratory China North Engine Research InstituteTianjin 300270China

The influence of partitioned profiling design based on a large-pitch highly loaded cascade is studied by numerical *** partitioned profile is mainly composed of a pressure-side convex structure near the leading edge and a suction-side convex structure at the midstream and downstream sides of the *** influence of the change in the vertex axial position and peak value of the B-line on the secondary flow control is *** this paper,air(ideal gas)is selected as the flow *** average static pressure at the outlet and the average total temperature at the inlet are kept *** γ-θ is used as the turbulence *** results show that the pressure-side convex structure suppresses the spanwise and pitchwise migration of the inlet flow by adjusting the static pressure distribution of the flow field,so the development of the pressure-side leg of the horseshoe vortex is effectively *** suction-side convex structure adjusts the static pressure distribution of the flow field and increases the included angle between the cross-flow and suction surface,so the accumulation of low-momentum fluid,the development of a corner vortex and the flow separation at the trailing edge of the suction-side surface are all suppressed near the endwall-suction ***,the energy loss coefficient of the large-pitch highly loaded cascade is decreased from 0.0564 to 0.0485,representing a 25% reduction in secondary flow losses.

关键词： large-pitch highly loaded cascade highly loaded design non-axisymmetrical endwall design secondary flow control partitioned endwall profiling

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Tackling the microlensing wave effects of strong lensing gravitational waves with TAAH

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 253-254页

作者： Zuhui Fan South-Western institute for Astronomy research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

The rapid development of gravitational wave(GW) observations since their first detection in 2015 [1] has opened a completely new window for exploring the Universe. Consequently, astronomical research has entered the multimessenger era, allowing us to use different tracers to view the cosmos from various perspectives. Among others, the appealing application of gravitational wave events from compact binary mergers is that they can act as standard sirens to determine absolute cosmic distances entirely independent of standard candles. This approach is one of the most promising means to solve the current H0tension problem.

关键词： problem. app wave

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Higher abundance of DLD protein in buffalobull spermatozoa causes elevated ROSproduction leading to early sperm capacitationand reduction in fertilizing ability

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 107-120页

作者： Seema Karanwal Ankit Pal Fanny Josan Aditya Patel Jatinder Singh Chera Sonam Yadav Vikrant Gaur Preeti Verma Shiva Badrhan Vitika Chauhan Mukesh Bhakat Tirtha Kumar Datta Rakesh Kumar Animal Genomics Laboratory Animal Biotechnology DivisionICAR-National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalHaryanaIndia NBGC Laboratory National Bureau of Animal Genetics ResourcesKarnalHaryanaIndia Artificial Breeding research Centre LPM DivisionICAR-National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalHaryanaIndia ICAR-Central institute of research On Goat MakhdoomMathuraUttar PradeshIndia ICAR-Central institute for research On Buffaloes HisarHaryanaIndia

Backgroud Before fertilization,spermatozoa undergo a crucial maturation step called capacitation,which is a unique event regulates the sperm’s ability for successful *** capacitation process takes place as the spermatozoa pass through the female reproductive tract(FRT).Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase(DLD)protein is a post-pyruvate metabolic enzyme,exhibiting reactive oxygen species(ROS)production which causes ***,other vital functions of DLD in buffalo spermatozoa are hyperactivation and acrosome *** produces the optimum amount of ROS required to induce capacitation process in *** on physiological or patho-physiological conditions,DLD can either enhance or attenuate the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in the production of ROS in sperm cells can impact their ability to fertilize by triggering the capacitation and acrosome *** In this study,abundance of DLD protein was quantified between high(n=5)and low fertile bull(n=5)*** was found that compared to high-fertile(HF)bulls,low-fertile(LF)bulls exhibited significantly(P<0.05)higher DLD ***,we optimised the MICA concentration to inhibit DLD function,spermatozoa were treated with MICA in time(0,1,2,3,4,and 5 h)and concentrations(1,2.5,5,and 10 mmol/L)dependent *** DLD inhibition was found to be at 4 h in 10 mmol/L MICA concentration,which was used for further exper-imentation in HF and *** on DLD inhibition it was seen that LF bull spermatozoa exhibited significantly(P<0.05)higher ROS production and acrosome reaction in comparison to the HF bull *** kinematic parameters of the spermatozoa such as percent total motility,velocity parameters(VCL,VSL,and VAP)and other parameters(BCF,STR,and LIN)were also decreased in MICA treated spermatozoa in comparison to the control(capacitated)*** The present study provides an initial

关键词： Acrosome reaction Capacitation High fertile bull Low fertile bull Protein Reactive oxygen species Spermatozoa

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Site-specific patterns of fine root biomass formation across European coniferous forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第1期12卷 104-111页

作者： Yury Karpechko Anna Karpechko Andrej Tuyunen Forest research institute of the Karelian research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences 11 Pushkinskaya StPetrozavodskKarelia185910Russia

Fine roots play a crucial role in the biogeochemical cycles of terrestrial *** of fine roots biomass formation for broad geographical areas are still *** use published estimates of characteristics of European pine and spruce stands to determine their productivity and calculate the needle ***,the relationship between the fine-root:needle biomass ratio of European pine and spruce forests and the stand quality index,which is a proxy of soil fertility,was *** show that a rise in soil fertility is accompanied by a decrease in this *** from the northern edge of the boreal zone southwards,with the related rise in air and soil temperatures,we see a decline in the mass ratio of fine roots and *** change in the fine-root:needle biomass ratio is controlled by the change in specific water uptake by roots,which is related to the osmotic pressure of the solution in the absorbing root's central vascular *** fine-root:needle ratio does not vary among stands of the same age if the stand quality index and the geographical latitude(a proxy of air and soil temperatures)are *** findings may be useful for further in-depth analysis of forest ecosystem functioning in Europe.

关键词： Fine-root:needle biomass ratio Stand quality class Soil fertility Latitudinal variation Allometric equation

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Managing virus diseases in citrus:Leveraging high-throughput sequencing for versatile applications

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 57-68页

作者： Hongming Chen Zhiyou Xuan Lu Yang Song Zhang Mengji Cao Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China(Chongqing)Science City Citrus Research InstituteSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400712China National Citrus Engineering research Center Citrus Research InstituteSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400712China

In this review,the advantages and advances in applying high-throughput sequencing(HTS)in the management of viral diseases in citrus,along with some challenges,are discussed to provide perspectives on future *** the initial implementation of HTS in citrus virology,a substantial number of citrus viruses have been identified,with a notable increase in the last 7 *** acquisition of viral genomes and various HTS-based omics analyses serve as crucial pillars for advancing research in the etiology,epidemiology,pathology,evolution,ecology,and biotechnology of citrus *** has notably contributed to disease diagnosis,such as the diagnoses of concave gum and impietratura,as well as to the surveillance of new virus risks and the preparation of virus-free ***,certain inherent defects in HTS and coupled bioinformatics analysis,such as challenges with sequence assembly and the detection of viral dark matter,require improvement to enhance practical *** addition,the utilization of HTS for the systematic management of citrus viral diseases remains limited,and drawing insights from other virus-plant pathosystems while integrating emerging compatible techniques and ideas may broaden its specific applications.

关键词： Deep sequencing Virus epidemics Functional genomics CRISPR/Cas Virus-host interactions

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Advances on ALV-J in China over the past two decades

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 429-440页

作者： Wenrui Fan Yuntong Chen Mengmeng Yu Yongzhen Liu Yulong Gao avian Immunosuppressive Diseases Division State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and PreventinonHarbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose Yangzhou University

avian leukosis is an important tumorigenic disease caused by the avian leukosis virus(ALV) in poultry. ALVs belong to the retroviral family and are classified into 11 subgroups(ALV-A to ALV-K). Among them, ALV-J was first introduced into China in 1999, spreading widely and evolving from infecting meat-type chickens to layer chickens and Chinese local chickens. ALV-J typically induces myeloid leukosis in infected chickens, but also induces a high proportion of hemangiomas in infected layer chickens, posing a serious threat to poultry breeds in China. As a retrovirus, the genome of ALV-J has undergone significant mutations, which may be related to the expansion of the infection host range and increased pathogenicity of ALV-J. Over the last two decades, the introduction and spread of ALV-J in China have caused substantial losses to the poultry industry. Specialized detection assays have been developed to combat ALV-J infections in China. Additionally, ongoing research aims to employ gene-editing technology as a novel antiviral strategy to control the spread of ALV infections. This review highlights the importance of understanding the impact of ALV-J on the Chinese poultry industry and emphasizes the need for ongoing research and innovation to safeguard poultry health and promote sustainable poultry farming practices in China.

关键词： subgroup J avian leucosis epidemiology molecular variation pathogenicity prevention and control

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Assessment of the heartwood contribution to carbon accumulation in Pinus sylvestris *** under different forest site conditions

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第1期12卷 159-175页

作者： Natalia A.Galibina Kseniya M.Nikerova Sergey A.Moshnikov Alexander M.Kryshen Forest research institute of the Karelian research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences 11 Pushkinskaya St.185910PetrozavodskKareliaRussia

Background:The heartwood(HW)proportion in the trunk of mature trees is an important characteristic not only for wood quality but also for assessing the role of forests in carbon *** have for the first time studied the proportion of HW in the trunk and the distribution of carbon and extractives in sapwood(SW)and HW of 70–80 year old Pinus sylvestris *** under different growing conditions in the pine forests of North-West ***:We have examined the influence of conditions and tree position in stand(dominant,intermediate and suppressed trees)in the ecological series:blueberry pine forest(Blu)–lingonberry pine forest(Lin)–lichen pine forest(Lic).We have analyzed the influence of climate conditions in the biogeographical series of Lin:the middle taiga subzone–the northern taiga subzone–the transition area of the northern taiga subzone and ***:We found that the carbon concentration in HW was 1.6%–3.4%higher than in SW,and the difference depended on growing *** concentration in HW increased with a decrease in stand productivity(Blu-Lin-Lic).In medium-productive stands,the carbon concentration in SW was higher in intermediate and supressed trees compared to dominant *** the series from south to north,carbon concentration in HW increased by up to 2%,while in SW,it rose by 2.7%–3.8%.Conclusions:Our results once again emphasized the need for an empirical assessment of the accurate carbon content in aboveground wood biomass,including various forest growing conditions,to better understand the role of boreal forests in carbon storage.

关键词： Scots pine Blueberry pine forest Lingonberry pine forest Lichen pine forest Tree social class Climate Carbon content Extractives Cellulose Lignin

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