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Environmental Changes and Human Impacts on Landscapes near Medieval Steklyanukha-2 Fortress in Russia from Early Iron Age to Modern Times

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Chinese Geographical Science 2023年第1期33卷 69-84页

作者： RAZJIGAEVA Nadezhda GANZEY Larisa KORNYUSHENKO Tatiana GREBENNIKOVA Tatiana KUDRYAVTSEVA Ekaterina PISKAREVA Yana PROKOPETS Stanislav Pacific Geographical institute Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690041Russia institute of History Archaeologyand Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far EastFar Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690091Russia

The development of landscapes in one of the most populated river basins of the southern russian Far East was studied using pollen and diatom data. The study sites were a multi-layered mountain fortress, Steklyanukha-2, and an Upper Holocene high floodplain sequence of the Steklyanukha River. Buried soil from the fluvial section acts as an environmental archive of the time in which people from the Yankovskaya archeological cultures settled in the river basin. The soil was formed under conditions of decreasing water supply in the valley and prolonged droughts. Findings of pollen Fagopyrum and Urtica signal economic activity in the Early Iron Age.Floodplain lake sediments accumulated from 1.6 to 0.5 kyr, when the valley was actively developed during the Middle Ages. There are signals of the development of secondary birch and oak forests. In the cultural layer of the fortress and lake sediments formed in the Middle Ages, Ambrosia and Xanthium pollens were found and are reliable evidence of agricultural activity in the valley. The pollens of plants typically seen in human-disturbed areas were also found. Indirect evidence of human activity includes non-pollen palynomorphs.The study of diatoms in a depression near a rampart confirmed the archaeologists' assumption that it was used as a water reserve. Pollen spectra from surface soils reflect agricultural activity in the river basin since the second half of the 19th century. The largest amount of pollen of alien and synanthropic plants and weeds, as well as spores of pathogenic fungi and fire indicators, were found here.

关键词： ancient agriculture mountain fortress humidity changes pollen diatoms

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The Holocene environmental changes revealed from the sediments of the Yarkov sub-basin of Lake Chany,south-western Siberia

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第2期14卷 133-153页

作者： S.K.Krivonogov A.N.Zhdanova P.A.Solotchin A.Y.Kazansky V.V.Chegis Z.Liu M.Song S.V.Zhilich N.A.Rudaya X.Cao O.V.Palagushkina L.B.Nazarova L.S.Syrykh institute of Geology and Mineralogy Russian Academy of SciencesSiberian BranchNovosibirskRussia Novosibirsk State University NovosibirskRussia Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University KyzylordaKazakhstan Moscow State University MoscowRussia Geological institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Pushkov institute of Terrestrial Magnetism Ionosphere and Radio Wave PropagationRussian Academy of SciencesTroitskRussia Department of Earth sciences The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’anChina institute of archaeology and ethnography Russian Academy of SciencesSiberian BranchNovosibirskRussia Tomsk State University TomskRussia Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation Group(ALPHA) State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemEnvironment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Volga Region Federal University KazanRussia Krasnoyarsk Science Center Russian Academy of SciencesSiberian BranchKrasnoyarskRussia Herzen State Pedagogical University St.PetersburgRussia

Lake Chany is the largest endorheic lake in Siberia whose catchment is entirely on the territory of Russia.Its geographical location on the climate-sensitive boundary of wet and dry landscapes provides an opportunity to gain more knowledge about environmental changes in the West Siberian interior during the Holocene and about the evolution of the lake itself.Sediment cores obtained from the Yarkov subbasin of the lake in 2008 have been comprehensively studied by a number of approaches including sedimentology and AMS dating,pollen,diatom and chironomid analyses(with statistical interpretation of the results),mineralogy of authigenic minerals and geochemistry of plant lipids(biomarker analysis.).Synthesis of new results presented here and published data provides a good justification for our hypothesis that Lake Chany is very young,no older than 3.6 ka BP.Before that,between 9 and 3.6 ka BP,the Chany basin was a swampy landscape with a very low sedimentation rate;it could not be identified as a water body.In the early lake phase,between 3.6 and 1.5 ka BP,the lake was shallow,1.2–3.5 m in depth,and it rose to its modern size,up to 6.5 m in depth,during the last millennium.Our data reveal important changes in the understanding of the history of this large endorheic lake,as before it was envisioned as a large lake with significant changes in water level since ca.14 ka BP.In addition to hydrology,our proxies provide updates and details of the regional vegetation and climate change since ca.4 ka BP in the WestSiberian forest-steppe and steppe.As evolution of the Chany basin is dependent on hydroclimatic changes in a large region of southern West Siberia,we compare lake-level change and climate-change proxies from the other recently and most comprehensively studied lakes of the region.

关键词： Saline lake Multiproxy study Holocene Climate Environment West Siberia

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贝加尔地区萨彦山东部Jom-Bolok火山谷湖泊古环境研究（英文）

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Journal of Geographical sciences 2019年第11期29卷 1823-1840页

作者： Alexander SHCHETNIKOV Elena V. BEZRUKOVA institute of the Earth’s Crust sb russian academy of sciences Irkutsk 664033Russia Vinogradov institute of Geochemistry sb russian academy of sciences Irkutsk 664033Russia Irkutsk State University Irkutsk 664033Russia Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk 630090Russia

This article describes the lake basins of the Jom-Bolok volcanic region in the East Sayan (the largest manifestation of the Holocene eruptions in Central Asia).The geomorphological position,origins,aspects of the structure and development are reviewed considering its sedimentary filling.The limnic morphogenesis here develops under the conditions of contrasting relief,high energy of neotectonic and exogenous processes.We established that Lake Khara-Nur,formed as a result of lava-damming of the Jom-Bolok river valley,emerged in its present form approximately 6500 years ago.A complex record on the environment and climatic changes,acquired from its sediments,made it possible to determine for the first time in this region the long-term trends in the development of the Middle and Late Holocene mountain geosystems and also the distinction of several paleogeographic stages of the formation of the natural environment.An average geochemical record resolution for the bottom sediments of the lake was made uniquely for the East Siberian lake records and is equal to 35 years,while the palynological record approximates 110 years.

关键词： lake morphogenesis Holocene volcanism lava-dammed lakes environmental change

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To observe mistakes of two schools of old jingxue and to build up pre-sinology as a new branch of sciences

To observe mistakes of two schools of old jingxue and to bui...

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纪念孔子诞生2555周年国际学术研讨会

作者：丽·伊·戈洛瓦乔娃 russian academy of sciences Far Eastern Branch The Institute of HistoryArchaeology and Ethnography of Far Eastern Nationalities

＜正＞More than two thousand years long history of Chinese traditional jingxue has been full of struggle of two different academic schools. But divergence between so called School of new writing and School of

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从木材解剖学视角看公元6世纪中期晚古小冰期的开始时间

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Science Bulletin 2022年第22期67卷 2336-2344页

作者： Ulf Büntgen Alan Crivellaro Dominique Arseneault Mike Baillie David Barclay Mauro Bernabei Jarno Bontadi Gretel Boswijk David Brown Duncan AChristie Olga VChurakova Edward RCook Rosanne D’Arrigo Nicole Davi Jan Esper Patrick Fonti Ciara Greaves Rashit MHantemirov Malcolm KHughes Alexander VKirdyanov Paul JKrusic Carlos Le Quesne Fredrik CLjungqvist Michael McCormick Vladimir SMyglan Kurt Nicolussi Clive Oppenheimer Jonathan Palmer 秦春 Frederick Reinig Matthew Salzer Markus Stoffel Max Torbenson Mirek Trnka Ricardo Villalba Nick Wiesenberg Greg Wiles 杨保 Alma Piermattei Department of Geography University of CambridgeCambridge CB23ENUK Swiss Federal Research institute(WSL) Birmensdorf 8903Switzerland Global Change Research Centre(CzechGlobe) Brno 60300Czech Republic Department of Geography Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrno 61300Czech Republic Forest Biometrics Laboratory Faculty of Forestry“Stefan cel Mare”University of SuceavaSuceava 720229Romania Department of Biology Chemistry and GeographyUniversity of Quebec in RimouskiRimouski Qc.G5L 3A1Canada archaeology&Palaeoecology School of Natural and Built EnvironmentQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUK Department of Geology State University of New York at CortlandCortland NY 13045USA CNR-IBE Institute of BioEconomyNational Research CouncilTrento 38121Italy School of Environment The University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia 509000Chile Center for Climate and Resilience Research(CR) Santiago 8370449Chile Cape Horn International Center(CHIC) Punta Arenas 6200000Chile institute of Ecology and Geography Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarsk 660041Russia Tree-Ring Laboratory Lamont-Doherty Earth ObservatoryColumbia UniversityPalisades NY 10964USA Department of Environmental Science William Paterson UniversityWayne NJ 07470USA Department of Geography Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainz 55099Germany institute of Plant and Animal Ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of SciencesYekaterinburg 620144Russia Ural institute of Humanities Ural Federal UniversityYekaterinburg 620002Russia Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research University of ArizonaTucson AZ 85721USA Sukachev institute of Forest sb RAS Krasnoyarsk 660036Russia Department of Physical Geography Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Department of History Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study

公元536~540年间的大规模火山喷发使得晚古小冰期成为过去两千年最为寒冷的时期.然而,受限于现有气候代用资料的时间分辨率和空间覆盖度,晚古小冰期的开始时间和空间范围仍存有争议.本文分析了全球23个森林样点、20个树种的106个树轮样... 详细信息

公元536~540年间的大规模火山喷发使得晚古小冰期成为过去两千年最为寒冷的时期.然而,受限于现有气候代用资料的时间分辨率和空间覆盖度,晚古小冰期的开始时间和空间范围仍存有争议.本文分析了全球23个森林样点、20个树种的106个树轮样本资料,从细胞尺度揭示了公元530~550年间北半球发生的短暂夏季冷却现象.经过交叉定年和染色处理后,在北半球的树轮样品中共识别出89个蓝轮(缺失细胞壁木质化过程)、9个霜轮(细胞分裂受阻)和93个浅轮(细胞壁增厚减弱).研究结果表明,公元536年7月中旬至8月初期间整个北美和欧亚大陆均发生了最剧烈的温度下降,而更多的区域性“冷夏”出现于公元532年、540~543年和548年.然而,本研究在南半球的树轮资料中并未发现异常的解剖结构,其原因可能与南半球的海洋热惯性减缓了火山降温效应有关,也或与南半球其时正值非生长季有关.相较于传统的树轮年代学方法,本研究的木材解剖学的方法能为地球系统模式提供更为精细的参考标准,有望服务于气候与人类历史交叉学科研究,同时对“全球气候平均”概念的使用提出质疑.

关键词：地球系统模式小冰期火山喷发树轮年代学全球气候欧亚大陆冷夏染色处理

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