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"Dragon man"prompts rethinking of Middle Pleistocene hominin systematics in Asia

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The Innovation 2023年第6期4卷 25-26页

作者： Christopher J.Bae Wu Liu Xiujie Wu Yameng Zhang Xijun Ni Department of Anthropology University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10044China Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental and Social archaeology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Dear Editor,Chibanian(Middle Pleistocene)hominin fossils that could not be easily assigned to Homo erectus,***,or *** have traditionally been as-signed to an alinclusive group:"archaic ***."In an insightful observation of the Chibanian record almost four decades ago however,Tattersall railed against the use of the word"archaic"in this sense when referring to the human fossil record,as he justifiably noted that no other biological organism has the word"archaic"attached to it'For example,no one refers to an earlier version of Canis domesticus as"archaic"*** ancestor of the domestic dog is,and always has been,considered to be *** Tattersall's opinion,it would seem that these"archaic ***"fossils should be assigned to one or more formal taxonomic *** such,terms such as"archaic ***,""mid-Pleistocene Homo,"and"Middle Pleistocene Homo"have al-ways been considered to be wastebasket taxa that include way too much morphological variabilty for one proposed taxonomic *** to use wastebasket taxa only hinders any attempts to understand true phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships.

关键词： prompt record Middle

Ancient genomes reveal the genetic inheritance and recent introgression in Chinese indigenous pigs

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第4期65卷 842-845页

作者： Jia Wen Zhuqing Zheng Mian Gong Dong Li Songmei Hu Yudong Cai Yongdi Wang Hojjat Asadollahpour Nanaei Naifan Zhang Taiyong Yu Dawei Cai Yu Jiang Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingXianyang712100China Research Center for Chinese Frontier archaeology Jilin UniversityChangchun130012China Human Phenome institute Fudan UniversityShanghai201203China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics Breeding and ReproductionMinistry of Education&College of Animal Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Shaanxi Academy of archaeology Xi’an710054China

Dear Editor,As one of the oldest domesticated livestock, pigs were independently domesticated in the Near East and East Asia,approximately 10,000 years ago (Larson et al., 2010).

关键词： domestica Ancient pigs

Communication,Computation,and Governance:A Multiscalar Vantage on the Prehispanic Mesoamerican World

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Journal of Social Computing 2022年第1期3卷 91-118页

作者： Gary M.Feinman David M.Carballo the Negaunee Integrative Research Center Field Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoIL 60605USA Anthropology Archaeologyand Latin American StudiesBoston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA

Writing has often been put forth as one indicator of *** correspondence dovetails with the even broader cross-species expectation that the degrees of social complexity and levels of computational communication should closely *** in a general sense across human cooperative arrangements,a basic relationship between these variables undoubtedly exists,more detailed and fine-grained analyses indicate important axes of ***,our focus is on prehispanic Mesoamerica and the means of computation and communication employed over more than three millennia(ca.1500 BCE-1520 CE).We take a multiscalar and diachronic analytical frame,in which we look at 30 central places,six macroregions,and Mesoamerica as *** unraveling elements of“social complexity”,and decoupling computation from communication,we illustrate that institutional differences in governance had a marked effect on the specific modes and technologies through which prehispanic Mesoamerican peoples communicated across time and *** and spatial scale,though relevant,do not alone determine time/space diversity in media of computational *** article is part of the theme issue“Evolution of Collective Computational Abilities of(Pre)Historic Societies”.

关键词： Mesoamerica archaeology communication computation writing polity scale calendrics Maya Aztec

Holocene environmental changes around Xiaohe Cemetery and its effects on human occupation, Xinjiang, China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2017年第6期27卷 752-768页

作者： ZHANG Yifei MO Duowen HU Ke BAO Wenbo LI Wenying Idilisi Abuduresule Michael J. STOROZUM Tristram R. KIDDER Laboratory for Earth Surface Process Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Shaanxi Provincial institute of archaeology Xi'an 710054 China College of archaeology and Museology Peking University Beijing 100871 China Xinjiang Cultural Relics and archaeology institute Urumqi 830000 China School of Anthropology Washington University in St. Louis C.B. 1114 St. Louis MO 63130 USA

The Xiaohe Cemetery archaeological site （Cal. 4-3.5 ka BP） is one of the most important Bronze Age sites in Xinjiang, China. Although the surrounding environment is an extremely arid desert now, abundant archaeological remains indicate that human occupation was common during certain periods in the Holocene. Field investigations and laboratory analyses of a sediment profile near the Xiaohe Cemetery indicate that while the regional environment was arid desert throughout the Holocene there were three episodes of lake forma- tion near the site in the periods 4.8-3.5 ka BP, 2.6-2.1 ka BP and 1.2-0.9 ka BP. Geomorphic and hydrological investigations reveal that a lake or lakes formed in a low-lying area when water was derived initially from the Kongque River and then shunted into the Xiaohe River basin. Low amounts of active chemical elements in lacustrine sediment between 4.8-3.5 ka BP indicate abundant and continuous water volume in the lake; the content of active chemical elements increased between 2.6-2.1 ka BP but was still at a relatively low level, suggesting a declining amount of water and diminished inflow. Between 1.2-0.9 ka BP there was a very high content of active elements, suggesting decreased water volume and indicating that the lake was stagnate. In contrast, the general climate condition shows that there had a warm-humid stage at 8-6 ka BP, a cool-humid stage at 6-2.9 ka BP and a warm-dry stage at 2.9-0.9 ka BP in this region. The hydrological evolutions around Xiaohe Cemetery did not have one-to-one correspondence with climate changes. Regional comparison indicates that broad-scale climatic conditions played an important role through its influences on the water volume of the Tarim River and Kongque River. But, the formation of the lakes and their level were controlled by geomorphic conditions that influenced how much water volume could be shunted to Xiaohe River from Kongque River. Human occupation of the Xiaohe Cemetery and nearby regions during the Bro

关键词： human-environment interaction Xiaohe Cemetery Holocene environmental change sedimentarysequence

Early diversification of birds: Evidence from a new opposite bird

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第11期46卷 945-950页

作者： ZHANG Fucheng ZHOU Zhonghe HOU Lianhai GU Gang institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China institute of archaeology of Liaoning Province Shenyang 120003China

A new enantiornithine bird Longipteryx chao-yangensis gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in Chaoyang, western Liaoning Province. This new bird is distinguishable from other known enantiornithines in having uncinate processes in ribs, elongate jaws, relatively long wings and short hindlimbs, and metatarsal Ⅳ longer than metatarsals Ⅱ and Ⅲ. This new bird had probably possessed (i) modern bird-like thorax which provides firm attachment for muscles and indicates powerful and active respiratory ability; (ii) powerful flying ability; (iii) special adaptation for feeding on aquatic preys; and (iv) trochleae of metatarsals Ⅰ-Ⅳ almost on the same level, an adaptation for perching. The new bird represents a new ecological type different from all known members of Enantiornithes. It shows that enantiornithines had probably originated earlier than the Early Cretaceous, or this group had experienced a rapid radiation right after it first occurred in the early Early

关键词： Enantiornithes Early Cretaceous radiation.

Main chemical ingredients of the celadon glaze from Qingliangsi kiln and Zhanggongxiang kiln

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第4期49卷 487-495页

作者： ZHAO Weijuan1, LU Xiaoke1, LI Guoxia1, GUO Min1, XIE Jianzhong1, GAO Zhengyao1, SUN Xinmin2, GUO Musen2, CHENG Huansheng3 & ZHANG Bin3 1. Faculty of Physical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China 2. Research institute of Cultural Relic and archaeology, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450004, China 3. Research institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China Faculty of Physical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China Research institute of Cultural Relic and archaeology Zhengzhou China Research institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai China

The proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) is used to determine the chemical ingredients of seven main elements in the samples of Ru Guan porcelain glazes and Ru Civil porcelain from Qingliangsi kiln in Baofeng County and the samples of celadon glaze from Zhanggongxiang kiln in Ruzhou City. The PIXE data are then analyzed by scatter analysis and fuzzy cluster method for determining their classification and provenance. The results show that there are obvious differences between the ingredients of glaze material of Ru Guan porcelain and Ru Civil porcelain from Qingliangsi kiln, of which the former ingredients are stable and its source is localized, and that the sources and ingredients of the glaze of Ru Guan porcelain and those of celadon glaze from Zhanggongxiang kiln are not wholly the same, of which the latter sources are much scattering.

关键词： Zhanggongxiang kiln, Qingliangsi kiln, the source of raw material, the proton induced X-ray emission.

Skeletal element distributions of the large herbivores from the Lingjing site,Henan Province,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第2期55卷 246-253页

作者： ZHANG ShuangQuan LI ZhanYang ZHANG Yue GAO Xing Laboratory of Human Evolution Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Henan Provincial institute of Cultural Relics and archaeology Zhengzhou 450000China

More than ten thousands of bone fragments were recovered from the Lingjing site, Henan Province during 2005 and 2006. In this paper, through the quantification and statistical analyses of the skeletal elements of the two predominant species in this assemblage, aurochs (Bos primigenius) and horse (Equus caballus), the differential influences and weights of a variety of taphonomic agencies in the formation of the assemblage are assessed respectively. Compared to the natural agencies, hominid hunting and the subsequent disarticulation, slaughtering, and their transport of the bone elements of the prey species are the main factors accounting for the formation of the present assemblage. More importantly, this study initiatively identifies hominid's differential treatment of the bones of aurochs and horse in the Paleolithic record of East Asia and demonstrably suggests that hominids at the site have already practiced sophisticated hunting techniques and subsistence strategies and may be quite familiar with the ecological and anatomical characteristics and nutritional values of the large-sized prey animals and can accordingly take different processing and handling strategies at the hunting site.

关键词：元素分布食草动物河南省网站骨骼中国原始人统计分析

Longgudong,an Early Pleistocene site in Jianshi,South China,with stratigraphic association of human teeth and lithics

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第3期60卷 452-462页

作者： LI Hao LI ChaoRong Kathleen KUMAN Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences School of Geography Archaeology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of the Witwatersrand

In this paper we report on Longgudong,an Early Pleistocene cave site in south China which was systematically excavated in 1999 and 2000,and where human teeth and associated stone artifacts were discovered within the same stratigraphic *** age of this site was estimated from faunal comparisons and palaeomagnetism and has been attributed to the Early Pleistocene,most probably the earlier Early *** human teeth from this site have been well ***,the stone artifacts are still unknown to most *** paper thus presents an analysis of the lithics as the first firmly demonstrated stone tools associated with Early Pleistocene human fossils in south China.

关键词： Longgudong 早更新世 Hominin 牙齿投掷人工制品

华南地区海岛型史前沙丘遗址的时空分布与全新世海平面和风沙活动

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第6期32卷 1157-1176页

作者：靳建辉凌智永李志忠左昕昕范雪春黄运明王晓阳危长福任永青邱俊杰 Key Laboratory of Subtropical Resources and Environment of Fujian Province Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Center for Southeast Environmental archaeology of China Fujian Normal UniversityPingtan 350400FujianChina Qinghai institute of Salt Lake CASXining 810008China International institute of Austronesian of Pingtan Pingtan 350400FujianChina Fujian Provincial institute of archaeology Fuzhou 350001China College of Humanities Minjiang UniversityMinhou 350108FujianChina

The lower reaches of the Minjiang River and its adjacent areas were among the most active prehistoric archaeological areas in Fujian *** accumulation types of Neolithic archaeological strata are roughly divided into dune sites and dune/shell mound *** sites can also be roughly divided into estuarine,coastal,and sea-island sites based on their geomorphic *** cultural development of these prehistoric sites is of great significance for understanding the migration and spread of Austronesian *** on luminescence dating of typical Neolithic sites on Haitan Island,their quartz-OSL(optically stimulated luminecesence)burial ages were *** previously published results,the temporospatial distribution characteristics of the sea-island sites on Haitan Island are discussed,and the relationship between Neolithic human activities and regional geomorphic processes is *** results show that:(1)the spatial and temporal distribution of the Haitan Island Neolithic sites are closely related to small-scale geomorphic features and are controlled by mesoscale geomorphic *** sites were mainly distributed in the foothills of two high hills along an NNE-SSW *** an increase in altitude,the features were distributed as“single site(I)–superimposed site–single site(II)”and appear *** type sites(I)mainly appeared at low sea level,whereas single type sites(II)mainly appeared at high sea *** sites were not subject to sea level *** relative elevation of the superimposed sites in the study area indicates the optimal residential area for human activities in the *** single site with an elevation lower than the optimal residential area was mainly restricted by the lowest residential area,whereas the single site at a higher elevation than the optimal residential area was mainly affected by livelihood patterns.(2)High sea level caused by the“backwater effect”in low latitude areas i

关键词： Neolithic period dune/shell mound site optically stimulated luminescence Holocene sea level change aeolian activity