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Ionization Potential Depression Model for Warm/Hot and Dense Plasmas

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第8期41卷 45-57页

作者： Chensheng Wu Fuyang Zhou Jun Yan Xiang Gao Yong Wu Chunhua Zeng Jianguo Wang institute of applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088China Faculty of Science Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China

For warm/hot and dense plasmas(WDPs),ionization potential depression(IPD)plays a crucial role in determining its ionization balance and understanding the resultant microscopic plasma properties.A sophisticated and unified IPD model is necessary to resolve those existing discrepancies between theoretical and experimental ***,the applicability of those widely used IPD models nowadays is limited,especially for the nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium(non-LTE)dense plasma produced by short-pulse *** this work,we propose an IPD model that considers inelastic atomic processes,in which three-body recombination and collision ionization processes are found to play a crucial role in determining the electron distribution and IPD for a *** IPD model is validated by reproducing latest experimental results of Al plasmas with a wide-range condition of 70 eV–700 eV temperature and 0.2–3 times solid density,as well as a typical non-LTE system of hollow Al *** is demonstrated that the present IPD model has a significant temperature dependence due to the consideration of the inelastic collision *** a lower computational cost and wider application range of plasma conditions,the proposed model is expected to provide a promising tool to study the ionization balance and the atomic processes,as well as the related radiation and particle transports properties of the WDP.

关键词： properties. collision determining

Towards an enhanced understanding of the particle size effect on conversion/alloying lithium-ion anodes

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Materials Futures 2024年第1期3卷 150-164页

作者： Jakob Asenbauer Dominik Horny Mayokun Olutogun Katrin Schulz Dominic Bresser Helmholtz institute Ulm(HIU) 89081 UlmGermany Karlsruhe institute of Technology(KIT) 76021 KarlsruheGermany institute for applied Materials(IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76131 KarlsruheGermany Karlsruhe University of applied Sciences 76133 KarlsruheGermany

Conversion/alloying materials(CAMs)represent a potential alternative to graphite as a Li-ion anode active material,especially for high-power *** far,however,essentially all studies on CAMs have been dealing with nano-sized particles,leaving the question of how the performance(and the de-/lithiation mechanism in general)is affected by the particle ***,we comparatively investigate four different samples of Zn_(0.9)Co_(0.1)O with a particle size ranging from about 30 nm to a few *** results show that electrodes made of larger particles are more susceptible to fading due to particle displacement and particle *** results also show that the conversion-type reaction in particular is affected by an increasing particle size,becoming less reversible due to the formation of relatively large transition metal(TM)and alloying metal nanograins upon lithiation,thus hindering an efficient electron transport within the initial particle,while the alloying contribution remains essentially *** generality of these findings is confirmed by also investigating Sn_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(2) as a second CAM with a substantially greater contribution of the alloying reaction and employing Fe instead of Co as a TM dopant.

关键词： particle size conversion alloying anode lithium-ion battery

Facile Synthesis of Polyisothioureas via Alternating Copolymerization of Aziridines and Isothiocayanates

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 292-298,I0005页

作者： Hao-Tian Zhang Ming-Xin Niu Qi Zhang Chen-Yang Hu Xuan Pang Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Isothiourea is an important class of sulfur-containing molecules showing unique catalytic and biological activities. As such,polyisothiourea is envisioned to be an interesting type of polymer that potentially exhibits a number of interesting properties. However, there is no access to synthesizing well-defined polyisothiourea, and currently isothiourea-containing polymers are mainly prepared by immobilizing onto other polymer's side chain. Herein, we report the first facile synthesis of polyisothioureas via alternating copolymerization of aziridines and isothiocayanates. Mediated by the catalytic system of phosphazene superbases/alcohol, a broad scope of aziridines and isothiocayanates could be transformed into polyisothioureas with adjustable substitutions(11 examples). The structures of obtained polyisothioureas were fully characterized with ^(1)H-NMR, ^(13)C-NMR, and ^(1)H-^(13)C HMBC NMR. Moreover, the polyisothioureas show tunable thermal properties depending on substitutions on the isothiourea linkages. The novel structure of these polyisothioureas will enable a powerful platform for the discovery of nextgeneration functional plastics.

关键词： Polyisothioureas Alternative copolymer Aziridines Isothiocayanates

A regular MOG black hole's impact on shadows and gravitational weak lensing in the presence of a quintessence field

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第8期76卷 93-104页

作者： Ahmad Al-Badawi Sanjar Shaymatov Mirzabek Alloqulov Anzhong Wang Department of Physics Al-Hussein Bin Talal University institute for Theoretical Physics and Cosmology Zhejiang University of Technology Tashkent State Technical University University of Tashkent for applied Sciences New Uzbekistan University institute of Fundamental and applied Research National Research University TIIAME GCAP-CASPER Physics Department Baylor University

We investigate the impact of the modified gravity（MOG） field and the quintessence scalar field on horizon evolution, black hole（BH） shadow and the weak gravitational lensing around a static spherically symmetric BH. We first begin to write the BH metric associated with the MOG parameter and quintessence scalar field. We then determine the BH shadow and obtain numerical solutions for the photon sphere and shadow radius. We show that the MOG（α） and the quintessence（c） parameters have a significant impact on the BH shadow and photon *** on the analysis, we further show that the combined effects of the MOG parameter and quintessence field can increase the values of BH shadow and photon sphere radii. We also obtain constraints on the BH parameters by applying the observational data of Sgr A★and M87★.Finally, we consider the weak deflection angle of BH within the context of the Gauss–Bonnet theorem（GBT） and show that the combined effects of the MOG and quintessence parameters do make the value of the deflection angle increase, and find this remarkable property is in good agreement with the physical meaning of both parameters that can maintain the strong gravitational field in the surrounding environment of a BH.

关键词： gravitational weak lensing modified gravity quintessence field shadows

A Highly Efficient Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)-LaO_(x) Catalyst for the Reductive Amination of Furfural to Furfurylamine:the Promoting Effect of La

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第1期40卷 36-46页

作者： YANG Yinze ZHANG Liyan ZHOU Leilei CHENG Haiyang ZHAO Fengyu State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022P.R.China School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science Technology of ChinaHefei 230026P.R.China Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Process Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022P.R.China

The reductive amination of furfural to furfurylamine is an important and still challenging topic in the field of biomass conversion. In this work, we prepared a series of Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)-LaO_(x) catalysts by co-precipitation method, the role of La played in promoting the catalytic performances of reductive amination furfural was discussed based on the changes in the electronic state of Ni species, acidity, and Ni particle size. The catalytic activity and the selectivity of furfurylamine are highly dependent on the surface properties and the structure of the catalyst. The addition of La promoted the amount of strong acidic sites and the H2dissociation and spillover on the surface, thus inducing the improvement of the catalytic activity and furfurylamine selectivity. The Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)-0.5LaO_(x)catalyst with suitable acid sites gave a high yield of furfurylamine (94.9%) under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the catalyst could be recycled five times without significant loss in activity. The Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)-LaO_(x) catalyst is of great promise in the production of amines via reductive amination reaction.

关键词： Reductive amination Furfural Nickel catalyst Furfurylamine Lanthanum

S1-supported Pd@CeO_(2) quasi-core@shell materials as advanced catalysts for selective hydrogenation of furfural

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 493-496页

作者： Xiang Chu Lingling Zhang Ke Wang Rui Zhang Xiao Wang Shuyan Song Hongjie Zhang State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Bare Pd metal nanoparticles invariably suffer from poor selectivity in furfural hydrogenation by forming flat configurations,with the aromatic ring of the substrate molecules parallel to the metal ***,we put forward a promising solution by using CeO_(2)as promoters to modify Pd nanoparticles for modulating the adsorption behaviors of furfural *** achieve the highly-desired ultra-small Pd@CeO_(2)core@shell nanostructure,a“constrained auto-redox”synthesis is developed,in which silicalite-1 supports play the key role of providing their surface as the landing place of PdO_(x)precursors for inhibiting the overgrowth and the *** the best of our knowledge,this is one of the smallest core@shell materials obtained from aqueous *** evaluated as catalysts,Pd@CeO_(2)/S-1 gives 98.9%conversion of furfural with 94.3%selectivity for furfural alcohol in 15 h,which is much better than that of Pd/S-1(88.6%conversion with 44.3%selectively).The DFT simulation reveals a strong interaction between the defects of CeO_(2)and the oxygen atom of the–CHO group in furfural molecules,which benefits the selective hydrogenation occurred in the–CHO group rather than the furan ring.

关键词： Core@shell Palladium Ceria Auto-redox synthesis Hydrogenation

Irrational-Behavior-Proof Conditions for Stochastic Games over Event Trees

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 243-263页

作者： Lei Wang Cui Liu Hong-Wei Gao Chong Lin School of Automation Institute of Complexity ScienceQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071ShandongChina School of Mathematics and Statistics Institute of Applied Mathematics of ShandongQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071ShandongChina

In this paper,the irrational-behavior-proof conditions in a class of stochastic dynamic games over event trees are *** kinds of irrational-behavior-proof conditions are proposed by the imputation distribution procedure,and their relationships are *** specific properties for the general transformation of characteristic functions are developed,based on which,the irrational-behavior-proof conditions are proved to be true in a transformed cooperative game.

关键词： Dynamic cooperative game Event tree Irrational-behavior-proof condition Imputation distribution procedure Transformation of characteristic function

Corrosion behavior of pure metals(Ni and Ti)and alloys(316H SS and GH3535)in liquid GaInSn

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 70-83页

作者： Jian-Hui Yu Hong-Xia Xu Xiang-Xi Ye Bin Leng Han-Xun Qiu Xing-Tai Zhou School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai institute of applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

In this study,the interactions between a Ga-based liquid metal,GaInSn,and several metal materials,including pure metals(Ni and Ti)and alloys(316H stainless steel(SS)and GH3535),at 650℃were *** aim was to evaluate the corrosion performance and select a suitable candidate material for use as a molten salt manometer diaphragm in thermal energy storage *** results indicated that the alloys(316H SS and GH3535)exhibited less corrosion than pure metals(Ni and Ti)in liquid ***-rich binary intermetallic compounds were found to form on the surfaces of all the tested metal materials exposed to liquid GaInSn,as a result of the decomposition of liquid GaInSn and its reaction with the constituent elements of the metal *** corrosion mechanism for all the tested materials exposed to liquid GaInSn was also investigated and proposed,which may aid in selecting the optimal candidate material when liquid GaInSn is used as the pressure-sensing medium.

关键词： Metal materials Liquid GaInSn Corrosion Intermetallic compounds Thermal energy storage systems

Structure of the mantle transition zone in the central and western parts of the North China Craton using the receiver function 3D Kirchhoff migration method

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2783-2795页

作者： Min ZHU Qingju WU Jieyuan NING Ruiqing ZHANG institute of Geophysics China Earthquake Administration institute of Theoretical and applied Geophysics Peking University

Using data from the regional broadband dense temporary array deployed by the ChinArray project, we applied the three-dimensional(3D) Kirchhoff migration method of the teleseismic P-wave receiver function to investigate discontinuity structures of the mantle transition zone(MTZ) in the central and western parts of the North China Craton(NCC) using a highresolution 3D velocity model of the East Asian region. The results show that the 410-km discontinuity beneath the Datong Volcano is depressed by ～10 km, indicating the presence of a high-temperature anomaly near the depth of 410 km, which is likely related to small-scale mantle upwelling caused by the dehydration of the stagnant Pacific Plate in the MTZ. The upwelling of hot material provides a heat source for surface magmatic activity. Beneath the Bohai Bay Basin, significant subsidence of the 660-km discontinuity is observed, and the transition zone here is extensively thickened. It's suggested that the anomalies in this region are related to the stagnation of the Pacific slab in the MTZ. Although the thickness of the transition zone west of the North-South Gravity Lineament appears normal, we propose that the subducting front of the Pacific slab did not cross the gravity lineament in the NCC. In comparison, the small-scale subsidence of the 660-km discontinuity and the thickening of the MTZ observed north of the Hannuoba Volcano likely indicate that the slab crossed the gravity lineament at its turning point and remained in the MTZ. Furthermore, a local thickening of the MTZ is observed in the Dabie orogenic belt of the Qinling Mountains. This is believed to be a combined effect of lithospheric delamination into the transition zone in the lower Yangtze region and the stagnation of the Pacific Plate.

关键词： North China Craton Mantle transition zone Receiver function migration Datong Volcano