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Distribution of fluoride in surface water and a health risk assessment in the upper reaches of the Yongding River

Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第6期30卷 908-920页

作者： WANG Tao SHAO Zhijiang YU Hui BAH Hamidou Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation CAS:Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentCASChengdu 610041China institute of Superior agronomy and veterinary of Faranah(ISAV/F) Faranah 131Guinea

The excessive exposure to high concentrations of fluoride in drinking water can lead to a serious disease called *** upstream region of the Yongding River is an ecological protection area for *** studies have reported that there is a high concentration of fluoride in the groundwater in this ***,there are few data on the distribution of fluoride in surface water and health risk assessments in this *** this study,the fluoride concentrations were determined by using the spectrophotometric method using data from 2013 to 2017 from 9 surface water quality monitoring stations in the upper reaches of the Yongding *** health risks of fluoride were assessed using the approach developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA).The results indicated that the fluoride content in the drinking water ranged from 0.30 to 1.50 mg L 1,with an average of 0.86 mg L"*** total,22.7%of the analyzed samples exceeded the Chinese limit of 1.0 mg L"1 for fluoride,and 5.5%of samples had less than the permissible limit of 0.5 mg L"*** fluoride concentrations and fluorosis hotspots were found to be predominately located downstream of the Yanghe River close to the Guanting Reservoir,where 71.4%of samples exceeded the limit of 1.0 mg/L'*** spatial distribution of high fluoride concentrations was found to be primarily determined by *** hazard quotient(HQ)index for children,teenagers and adults indicated that 19.6%,15.6%,and 5.1%of the samples in the upper reaches of the Yongding River,respectively,posed health hazards to the associated ***,the HQ index more than 1 for children,teenagers and adults had values of 64.3%,56.1%,and 19.4%,respectively,in samples from the downstream region of the Yanghe ***,there are potential risks of dental and skeletal fluorosis in the upper river reaches of the Yongding *** is imperative to take measures to reduce the fluoride pollution in surface water and contro

关键词： fluoride hazard quotient index surface water health risk Yongding River

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Effect of biochar on grain yield and leaf photosynthetic physiology of soybean cultivars with different phosphorus efficiencies

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第10期18卷 2242-2254页

作者： ZHU Qian KONG Ling-jian SHAN Yu-zi YAO Xing-dong ZHANG Hui-jun XIE Fu-ti AO Xue Soybean Research institute Agronomy College Shenyang Agricultural University

This study was conducted with two soybean cultivars, Liaodou 13 (L13, phosphorus (P)-efficient) and Tiefeng 3 (T3, P-inefficient), to investigate the effects of biochar on soybean yield and photosynthetic physiological parameters, at four biochar application rates (0, 1, 5, and 10%, w/w), and two fertilization treatments (0 and 150 kg ha–1). Grain yield, plant biomass, P accumulation, leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll index (Chl), nitrogen balance index (NBI), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and sucrose synthase (SS) activities, soluble sugar, sucrose and starch contents, and leaf area duration (LAD) were measured. Biochar had positive effects on Pn, Chl, NBI, SPS, and SS activities, and leaf soluble sugar, sucrose, and starch contents of both genotypes, these effects increased with biochar application rate. L13 benefited more efficiently from biochar than T3 did, as the grain yield of L13 significantly increased by 31.0 and 51.0%, at 5 and 10% biochar, respectively, while that of T3 increased by 40.4 at 10% biochar application rate, as compared with controls. The combined application of biochar and fertilizer boosted the positive effects described, but no difference was found for grain yield in L13 among biochar application rates, while grain yield of T3 continually increased with biochar rate, among which, 1% biochar combined with 150 kg ha–1 fertilizer resulted in T3 yield increment of more than 23%, compared with the application of 150 kg ha–1 fertilizer alone. Altogether, our results indicated that the application of biochar enhanced carbon assimilation in soybean, resulting in increased biomass accumulation and yield. Differences in genotypic responses to biochar highlight the need to consider specific cultivars and biochar rate, when evaluating the potential responses of crops to biochar.

关键词： biochar P efficiency photosynthesis soybean yield

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Genetic and biological characteristics of the globally circulating H5N8 avian influenza viruses and the protective efficacy offered by the poultry vaccine currently used in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第4期65卷 795-808页

作者： Pengfei Cui Xianying Zeng Xuyong Li Yanbing Li Jianzhong Shi Conghui Zhao Zhiyuan Qu Yanwen Wang Jing Guo Wenli Gu Qi Ma Yuancheng Zhang Weipeng Lin Minghui Li Jingman Tian Dongxue Wang Xin Xing Yanjing Liu Shuxin Pan Yaping Zhang Hongmei Bao Liling Liu Guobin Tian Chengjun Li Guohua Deng Hualan Chen State Key Laboratory of veterinary Biotechnology Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin150069China College of agronomy Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng252000China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Guangzhou510642China

The H5N8 avian influenza viruses have been widely circulating in wild birds and are responsible for the loss of over 33 million domestic poultry in Europe, Russia, Middle East, and Asia since January 2020. To monitor the invasion and spread of the H5N8 virus in China, we performed active surveillance by analyzing 317 wild bird samples and swab samples collected from 41,172 poultry all over the country. We isolated 22 H5N8 viruses from wild birds and 14 H5N8 viruses from waterfowls. Genetic analysis indicated that the 36 viruses formed two different genotypes: one genotype viruses were widely detected from different wild birds and domestic waterfowls;the other genotype was isolated from a whopper swan. We further revealed the origin and spatiotemporal spread of these two distinct H5N8 virus genotypes in 2020 and 2021. Animal studies indicated that the H5N8 isolates are highly pathogenic to chickens, mildly pathogenic in ducks, but have distinct pathotypes in mice. Moreover, we found that vaccinated poultry in China could be completely protected against H5N8 virus challenge. Given that the H5N8 viruses are likely to continue to spread in wild birds, vaccination of poultry is highly recommended in high-risk countries to prevent H5N8 avian influenza.

关键词： avian influenza virus H5N8 evolution pathogenicity antigenicity vaccine protective efficacy

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Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of japonica Rice Varied with Production Areas in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第10期12卷 1748-1756页

作者： YANG Xiao-yu LIN Zhao-miao LIU Zheng-hui Md A Alim BI Jun-guo LI Gang-hua WANG Qiang-sheng WANG Shao-hua DING Yan-feng College of agronomy Nanjing Agricultural University Guizhou institute of Subtropical Crops

Northeast of China and Jiangsu Province are major production areas of japonica rice in *** from northeast of China is well-known for its good-eating and appearance quality,and that from Jiangsu Province is viewed as ***,little is known concerning the difference in physicochemical and sensory properties of rice between the major two production *** of 16 commercial rice samples showed marked differences in physicochemical properties,including chalky grain rate,contents of amylose and protein and pasting properties between the two main *** rice contained more shortchain amylopectin as compared with Jiangsu ***,Jiangsu rice is comparable to northeastern rice in terms of sensory quality including overall acceptability and textural properties of springiness,stickiness and hardness as evaluated by trained *** results indicated the limitation of conventional index of physicochemical properties,and suggested the necessity of identification of new factors controlling rice sensory *** addition,the taste analyzer from Japan demonstrates limitation in distinguishing the differences between northeastern and Jiangsu rice,and therefore needs localization to fit China.

关键词： rice sensory property physicochemical property production environment

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Effect of Drought Stress During Flowering Stage on Starch Accumulation and Starch Synthesis Enzymes in Sorghum Grains

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第11期13卷 2399-2406页

作者： YI Bing ZHOU Yu-fei GAO Ming-yue ZHANG Zhuang HAN Yi YANG Guang-dong XU Wenjuan HUANG Rui-dong College of agronomy Shenyang Agricultural University Keshan Research institute Heilongjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences

Starch content is a key factor affecting sorghum grain quality. The research of sorghum grain starch accumulation and the related synthesis enzyme activities has great signiifcance for understanding the mechanisms of starch metabolisms. The differences between a high and a low starch content sorghum hybrids （Tieza 17 and Liaoza 11, respectively） in grain starch accumulation and the related synthesis enzyme activities were assessed following imposition of water stress during lfowering stage. The total starch, amylase and amylopectin accumulation all decreased at the mid-late stage of grain iflling under drought stress during lfowering stage. The maximum and mean accumulation rates also decreased. During grain iflling, soluble starch synthase （SSS）, granule-bound starch synthase （GBSS）, starch branching enzyme （SBE）, and starch debranching enzymes （DBE） activities were all affected, though differently. Drought stress reduced starch accumulation in a larger extent for Tieza 17 than Liaoza 11. Drought stress during lfowing stage reduced starch synthesis enzyme activities, thus reducing starch accumulation in grains, and the differences between starch components were also demonstrated under drought stress.

关键词： sorghum drought stress starch accumulation enzyme activity

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Simple model based on artificial neural network for early prediction and simulation winter rapeseed yield

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第1期18卷 54-61页

作者： Gniewko Niedba?a institute of Biosystems Engineering Faculty of Agronomy and BioengineeringPoznań University of Life Sciences

The aim of the research was to create a prediction model for winter rapeseed *** constructed model enabled to perform simulation on 30 June,in the current year,immediately before *** artificial neural network with multilayer perceptron(MLP) topology was used to build the predictive *** model was created on the basis of meteorological data(air temperature and atmospheric precipitation) and mineral fertilization *** data were collected in the period 2008–2017 from 291 productive fields located in Poland,in the southern part of the Opole *** assessment of the forecast quality created on the basis of the neural model has been verified by defining forecast errors using relative approximation error(RAE),root mean square error(RMS),mean absolute error(MAE),and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE) *** important feature of the created predictive model is the ability to forecast the current agrotechnical year based on current weather and fertilizing *** lowest value of the MAPE error was obtained for a neural network model based on the MLP network of 21:21-13-6-1:1 structure,which was 9.43%.The performed sensitivity analysis of the network examined the factors that have the greatest impact on the yield of winter *** highest rank 1 was obtained by an independent variable with the average air temperature from 1 January to 15 April of 2017(designation by the T1-4_CY model).

关键词： forecast MLP network neural model prediction error sensitivity analysis yield simulation

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Survey of Genomics Approaches to Improve Bioenergy Traits in Maize,Sorghum and Sugarcane

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第2期53卷 105-119页

作者： Wilfred Vermerris University of Florida Genetics institute and agronomy Department Cancer/Genetics Research Complex

Bioenergy crops currently provide the only source of alternative energy with the potential to reduce the use of fossil transportation fuels in a way that is compatible with existing engine technology, including in developing countries. Even though bioenergy research is currently receiving considerable attention, many of the concepts are not new, but rather build on intense research efforts from 30 years ago. A major difference with that era is the availability of genomics tools that have the potential to accelerate crop improvement significantly. This review is focused on maize, sorghum and sugarcane as representatives of bioenergy grasses that produce sugar and/or lignocellulosic biomass. Examples of how genetic mapping, forward and reverse genetics, highthroughput expression profiling and comparative genomics can be used to unravel and improve bioenergy traits will be presented.

关键词： Survey of Genomics Approaches to Improve Bioenergy Traits in Maize Sorghum and Sugarcane

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Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Leaf Length and Leaf Width in Rice ***64 Derived Lines

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第6期52卷 578-584页

作者： Muhammad Farooq Analiza G.Tagle Rizza E.Santos Leodegario A.Ebron Daisuke Fujita Nobuya Kobayashi International Rice Research institute(IRRI) Department of agronomy University of Agriculture Faisalabad

The present study was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for leaf size traits in IR64 introgression lines （INLs）. For this purpose, selected F2 populations derived from crosses between recurrent parent IR64 and its derived INLs, unique for leaf length and leaf width, were used to confirm QTLs. A total of eight QTLs, mapped on three chromosomes, were identified for the four leaf size traits in six F2 populations. A QTL for leaf length, qLLnpt-1, in HKL69 was identified around simple sequence repeat （SSR） marker RM3709 on chromosome 1. Two QTLs for flag leaf length, qFLLnpt-2 and qFLLnpt-4, in HFG39 were indentified on chromosomes 2 and 4, respectively. For flag leaf width, a QTL, qFLWnpt-4, in HFG39 was identified around RM17483 on chromosome 4. While another QTL for flag leaf width, qFLWnpt-1, in HFG27 was identified around RM3252 on chromosome 1. A QTL for leaf width, qLWnpt-2, in HKL75 was identified around RM7451 on chromosome 2. For leaf width, two QTLs, qLWnpt-4a, qLWnpt-4b, in HKL48 and HKL99 were identified around RM7208 and RM6909, respectively on chromosome 4. Results from this study suggest the possibilities to use marker-assisted selection and pyramiding these QTLs to improve rice water productivity.

关键词： QTLs Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Leaf Length and Leaf Width in Rice cv.IR64 Derived Lines IR

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Differential Expression of MicroRNAs in Response to Drought Stress in Maize

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第8期12卷 1414-1422页

作者： LI Jing-sheng FU Feng-ling AN Ming ZHOU Shu-feng SHE Yue-hui LI Wan-chen Maize Research institute Sichuan Agricultural University agronomy Faculty Sichuan Agricultural University

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that limit maize productivity. Apart from the principal transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional regulation mediated by microRNAs appears to be the prevalent response of plants to abiotic stress. In this study, the differential expression of microRNAs in the previously evaluated drought-tolerant inbred lines R09 under drought stress was detected by microarray hybridization. The target genes of the differentially-expressed microRNAs were predicted by bioinformatics software WMD3 for plant target gene prediction. The possible regulation of the differentially-expressed microRNAs as well as their target genes in maize response to drought stress was analysed according to Gene Ontology. Sixty-eight microRNAs in 29 microRNA families were detected to be differentially expressed in the seedling of the drought-tolerant inbred line R09, accounting for 5.97% of the total number of the probes. The expression profiles were different between the two time points of the drought stress. The functions of the genes targeted by the differentially-expressed microRNAs involve multiple physiological and biochemical pathways of response to abiotic stress, such as transcription regulation, metabolism, signal transduction, hormone stimulation, and transmembrane transport. Under drought stress, the differential expression of microRNAs regulates the expression of their target genes, resulting in multiple responses of physiological and biochemical pathways relative to drought tolerance of maize, miR156, miR159 and miR319 families may play more important roles. The different members of the same family may play similar regulation effects in most cases.

关键词： differential expression drought maize microarray microRNA target gene

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Analysis on differentially expressed genes in watermelon rind color based on RNA–Seq

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Journal of Central South University 2016年第11期23卷 2818-2826页

作者：杨侃侃梁志怀吴才君 College of agronomy Jiangxi Agricultural University Hunan Watermelon and Muskmelon institute Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

In order to screen the genes controlling watermelon rind color and luster, the experiment was carried out with yellow watermelon skin mutants as tester and green wild type watermelon as control, and transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were done. The results show that 34.27 Gb clean data were got by transcriptome sequencing. There are 261 differentially expressed genes among Y_1_vs_G_1, Y_2_vs_G_2 and Y_3_vs_G_3. The pathways contenting most differentially expressed genes are plant hormone signal transduction pathway, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, photosynthesis pathway, starch and sucrose metabolism pathway. 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase(Cla002942), alcohol dehydrogenase(Cla004992), photosystem Ⅰ reaction center subunit Ⅲ, chloroplastic(precursor)(Cla009181), long-chain acyl coenzyme A synthetase(Cla017341), threonine dehydratase biosynthetic(Cla018352) candidates genes were screened out.

关键词： watermelon rind color transcriptome sequencing differentially expressed genes

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