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Contribution of fungal biomass to persistent soil carbon across natural ecosystems

Science China earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 444-456页

作者： Xiang WANG Guang-Hui YU Yakov KUZYAKOV Bo-Hao YIN Andreas KAPPLER Cong-Qiang LIU Bohai Coastal Critical Zone National Observation and Research Station Institute of Surface-Earth System ScienceSchool of Earth System ScienceTianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai RimTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil ScienceUniversity of GöttingenGöttingen 37077Germany Agro-Technological institute Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University)Moscow 117198Russia Geomicrobiology Center for Applied GeosciencesUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72076Germany Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight InfectionUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72076Germany

Fungi are known to be crucial in the formation and stabilization of soil organic matter through their exudates and dead residues(necromass).Yet,it remains unclear how fungi contribute to the persistence of carbon in soils over millennial scales across ***,this study fills the knowledge gap by linking fungal carbon stocks with minerals-associated carbon stocks across major biomes.A strong correlation between fungal biomass and reactive mineral-associated carbon stocks in soils across six biomes supports the substantial role of fungi in soil carbon persistence at the global *** spatial resolution nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that fungi may stabilize carbon by forming organo-mineral associations through their close physical connection to reactive minerals and weathered *** propose a conceptual model that emphasizes the dualistic role of hypha-mineral interactions:(i)fungi accelerate organic matter decomposition by producing reactive oxygen species on the hypha-mineral interfaces,and(ii)fungi stabilize their residues on mineral surfaces,leading to millennial scale persistence of soil ***,fungi play a fundamental role in ecosystems that extends beyond the decomposition of persistent *** are crucial in stabilizing carbon on mineral surfaces,thereby facilitating the long-term removal of carbon from rapid biotic cycling.

关键词： Biogeography Fungi Mineral-associated organic matter(MAOM) Reactive minerals Soil carbon stability NanoSIMS

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Mercury deposition in central China from the Last Glacial Maximum to the early Holocene recorded in an accurately-dated stalagmite

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Science Bulletin 2025年第1期70卷 90-95页

作者： Yanzhen Li Liangcheng Tan Simin Jin Hai Xu Lüfan Chen David B.Kemp Ashish Sinha Le Ma Chunju Huang Lawrence R.Edwards Hai Cheng State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Xi’an institute for Innovative earth Environment Research Xi’an 710061China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China institute of Surface-earth System Science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China department of earth Science California State University Dominguez HillsCarson CA 90747USA department of earth and Environmental Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455USA institute of Global Environmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Characterization of transport pathways and depositional changes in Mercury(Hg)and their connection to climatic and environmental changes on various time scales are crucial for better understanding the anthropogenic impacts on the global Hg cycle in the Anthropocene *** this study,we examined Hg variations recorded in a stalagmite from central China,covering the period from 25.5 to 10.9 thousand years *** data show a marked increase in Hg concentrations during the late Last Glacial Maximum,which coincided with the period of highest dust deposition on the Chinese Loess *** concentrations were lower during Heinrich events 1 and 2 and the Younger Dryas but higher during the BùllingAllerùd and the early *** suggest that regional dust load,which enhances atmospheric dry deposition of Hg,is the primary factor influencing Hg deposition in central China on glacialinterglacial *** millennial-to-centennial timescales,climate also plays a significant *** and wetter conditions increase vegetation,litterfall,and soil/rock weathering,which in turn boost mineral dissolution and soil erosion in the vadose *** processes collectively result in higher Hg concentrations in the stalagmite.

关键词： Speleothem Hg Glacial-interglacial cycle Millennial-to centennial-scale

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Spatiotemporal evolution of Ediacaran-Cambrian(ca.551–523 Ma)sponges in South China and their simulated contributions to marine oxygenation

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Science China earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 549-563页

作者： Yan YE Lei ZHANG Can CHEN Shan CHANG Yuhao YI Qinglai FENG State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of earth Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China department of Geology Lund UniversityLund 22362Sweden institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Second Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau Enshi 445000China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Hubei Normal UniversityHuangshi 435002China Exploration and Development Research institute SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield CompanyWuhan 430223China

The origin and evolution of sponges have attracted interest,not only because they are among the most basal metazoans,but also because they act as important ecological engineers in the *** research suggested that sponge groups diversified quickly during the Cambrian Series 2,while Terreneuvian sponge fossils are conspicuously rare and poorly ***,an increasing number of sponge spicules have been reported from the Ediacaran-Cambrian(E-C,ca.551–523 Ma)transitional carbonates/cherts worldwide,particularly in South China,which calls for updated *** oxygenation has been widely proposed to play a critical role in organismal evolution,but its relationship with sponges is unclear and falls into a“chicken-egg”*** this study,we summarize reported sponge spicule distributions from five E-C sections in South China to investigate the early evolutionary pattern of siliceous *** to current stratigraphic correlation,monaxons first appear in the late Ediacaran in the intrashelf basin-slope area,and then potentially expand to the continental shelf and deep basin in the lower *** these sections,the abundance,size,and diversity of monaxons increase upwards,followed by the appearance of diaxons,triaxons and then *** the uncertain affinity of the sponge fossils,it is possible that siliceous hexactinellids evolved later than siliceous demosponges,given that the earliest spicule assemblages are exclusively composed of monaxons,which commonly form bundles comparable to modern *** geochemical data from the Sifangjing section,Guizhou Province and the Yanziqiao section,Hunan Province,South China show that the appearance of sponges usually corresponds to anoxic *** addition,we applied the recently proposed Biological Pump,Oxygen and Phosphorus(BPOP)model to trace the evolution of oceanic oxygen concentrations with the radiation of *** results indicate that the possible contribution o

关键词： Cambrian Sponge Oxygenation Silicon concentration Box model

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Pollen-inferred vegetation and environmental changes in the central Tibetan Plateau since 8200 yr BP

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Science China earth Sciences 2009年第8期52卷 1104-1114页

作者： LIU Kam-Biu Carrie MORRILL Jonathan T. OVERPECK Julia E. COLE department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences School of the Coast and Environment Louisiana State University NOAA Paleoclimatology Program and Cooperative institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) institute for the study of planet earth and department of geosciences University of Arizona

The ecotone between alpine steppe and meadow in the central Tibetan Plateau is sensitive to climate changes. Here we used the pollen records from three lakes in this region to reconstruct the evolution of local vegetation and climate since 8200 cal. yr BP. The history of temperature and precipitation was reconstructed quantitatively with multi-bioclimatic indexes and a transfer function from pollen records. Results show that the steppe/meadow dominated during the period of 8200―6500 cal. yr BP, especially 8200―7200 cal. yr BP, indicating the central Tibetan Plateau was controlled by strong monsoon. The steppe dominated during the periods of 6000―4900, 4400―3900, and 2800―2400 cal. yr BP. The steppe decreased gradually and the meadow expanded during the period of 4900―4400 cal. yr BP. Three century-scale drought events occurred during 5800―4900, 4400―3900 and 2800 cal. yr BP, respectively. The first time when the regional climate shifted to the present level was at 6500 cal. yr BP in the central Plateau. Since 3000 cal. yr BP, the temperature and precipitation have decreased gradually to the present level. However, the cold climate between 700―300 cal. yr BP likely corresponds to the Little Ice Age.

关键词： the meadow-steppe ecotone (MSE) pollen record bioclimatic index central Tibetan Plateau

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Control of Differential Tectonic Evolution on Tectonic Fractures in Different Tectonic Segments of Tight Gas Sandstone Reservoirs: Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation， Western Sichuan Foreland Basin

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Journal of earth Science 2025年

作者： Yunzhao Zhang Lianbo Zeng Rongjun Zhang Le Qu Hao Wu Quanqi Dai School of earth Sciences and Engineering， Xi'an Shiyou University Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Geology， School of earth Sciences and Engineering， Xi'an Shiyou University State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting， China University of Petroleum (Beijing) College of geosciences， China University of Petroleum (Beijing) College of Petroleum Engineering， Xi'an Shiyou University Xi'an Key Laboratory of Tight oil (Shale oil) Development， Xi'an Shiyou University China Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China， School of earth Sciences， Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development， SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Carbon Capture， Utilization and Storage， Petroleum Exploration and Production Research institute of SINOPEC

In the context of complex tectonic evolution， due to the control of tectonic compression stress and faults on tectonic fractures， the formation and development of tectonic fractures in the T3x2tight reservoirs present significant variations across different tectonic segments in the Western Sichuan Foreland Basin. We clarified the control of differential tectonic evolution on the formation and development of tectonic fractures in different tectonic segments through field-based observations， core samples， image logging， as well as fluid inclusion petrography and temperature determinations of fracture-filling materials， combined with 2D balanced cross-section restoration. The study area primarily manifests two types of tectonic fractures in the tight reservoirs: orogen-related fractures （regional fractures） and fault-related fractures. The orientations of these fractures are predominantly E-W， nearly N-S， NE， and NW. Specifically， the northern segment area only shows the development of regional fractures， while the southern and middle segments exhibit the development of both regional and tectonic fractures. There are three phases of tectonic fractures in different tectonic segments， and their formation times are relatively consistent. The Mesozoic tectonic events had a significant impact on the northern and central segments， with the amount of tectonic shortening and the rate of stratigraphic shortening gradually decreasing from the northeast to the southwest. The compressional stress resulting from tectonic compression also decreases from the northeast to the southwest. As a result， the development of first-phase and second-phase tectonic shear fractures is more pronounced in the northern and middle segments compared to the southern segment. Under the significant control of faults， the development of N-S- and NE-oriented fault-related fractures is more pronounced in the southern segment， while the development of NE-oriented fault-related fractures is relatively higher

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Early Cretaceous Magma Mingling in Xiaocuo,Southeastern China Continental Margin:Implications for Subduction of Paleo-Pacific Plate

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第5期90卷 1713-1742页

作者： ZHOU Liyun WANG Yu HEI Huixin ZHOU Xiaohui institute of earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesBeijing department of earth and Environmental Sciences University of Waterloo

Magma mingling has been identified within the continental margin of southeastern *** study focuses on the relationship between mafic and felsic igneous rocks in composite dikes and plutons in this area,and uses this relationship to examine the tectonic and geodynamic implications of the mingling of mafic and felsic *** magmatic enclaves（MMEs） show complex relationships with the hosting Xiaocuo granite in Fujian area,including lenticular to rounded porphyritic microgranular enclaves containing abundant felsic/mafic phenocrysts,elongate mafic enclaves,and back-veining of the felsic host granite into mafic ***-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb analyses show crystallization of the granite and dioritic mafic magmatic enclave during ca.132 and 116 *** host granite and MMEs both show zircon growth during repeated thermal events at-210 Ma and 160-180 *** from the magma mingling zone generally contain felsic-derived zircons with well-developed growth zoning and aspect ratios of 2-3,and maficderived zircons with no obvious oscillatory zoning and with higher aspect ratios of ***,these two groups of zircons show no obvious trace element or age *** Hf-isotope compositions show that the host granite and MMEs have similar ε（Hf）（t） values from negative to positive which suggest a mixed source from partial melting of the Meso-Neoproterozoic with involvement of enriched mantlederived magmas or juvenile *** lithologies,mineral associations,and geochemical characteristics of the mafic and felsic rocks in this study area indicate that both were intruded together,suggesting Early Cretaceous mantle—crustal interactions along the southeastern China continental *** Early Cretaceous magma mingling is correlated to subduction of Paleo-Pacific plate.

关键词： magma mingling mafic and felsic magma zircon U-Pb ages zircon Hf isotopes southeastern China continental margin

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Initiation of plate tectonics in the Hadean: Eclogitization triggered by the ABEL Bombardment

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 1033-1048页

作者： Shigenori Maruyama M.Santosh Shintaro Azuma earth-Life Science institute Tokyo Institute of Technology institute for study of the earth’s Interior Okayama University Centre for Tectonics Resources and ExplorationDepartment of Earth SciencesUniversity of Adelaide School of earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing Faculty of Science Kochi University

When plate tectonics began on the earth has been long debated and here we argue this topic based on the records of earth-Moon geology and asteroid belt to conclude that the onset of plate tectonics was during the middle Hadean（4.37-4.20 Ga）. The trigger of the initiation of plate tectonics is the ABEL Bombardment, which delivered oceanic and atmospheric components on a completely dry reductive earth, originally comprised of enstatite chondrite-like materials. Through the accretion of volatiles, shock metamorphism processed with vaporization of both CI chondrite and supracrustal rocks at the bombarded location, and significant recrystallization went through under wet conditions, caused considerable eclogitization in the primordial continents composed of felsic upper crust of 21 km thick anorthosite, and 50 km or even thicker KREEP lower crust. Eclogitization must have yielded a powerful slab-pull force to initiate plate tectonics in the middle Hadean. Another important factor is the size of the bombardment. By creating Pacific Ocean class crater by 1000 km across impactor, rigid plate operating stagnant lid tectonics since the early Hadean was severely destroyed, and oceanic lithosphere was generated to have bi-modal lithosphere on the earth to enable the operation of plate *** the importance of the ABEL Bombardment event which initiated plate tectonics including the appearance of ocean and atmosphere, we propose that the Hadean Eon can be subdivided into three periods：（1） early Hadean（4.57-4.37 Ga）,（2） middle Hadean（4.37-4.20 Ga）, and（3） late Hadean（4.20-4.00 Ga）.

关键词： Initiation of plate tectonics ABEL Bombardment Eclogitization Stagnant lid tectonics Primordial continents

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Identification of Hydrocarbon Potential of Talhar Shale: Member of Lower Goru Formation Using Well Logs Derived Parameters, Southern Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan

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Journal of earth Science 2018年第3期29卷 587-593页

作者： Muhsan Ehsan Hanming Gu Malik Muhammad Akhtar Saiq Shakeel Abbasi Zaheen Ullah institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geosciences department of earth and Environmental Sciences Bahria University Islamabad School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Faculty of earth Resources China University of Geosciences

Using well logs data only, the evaluation of shale gas hydrocarbon potential of Talhar Shale Member of Lower Goru Formation has been a challenge in Southern Lower Indus Basin in Pakistan. Well logs data analysis is helpful to evaluate the gas potential of source shale rocks. We introduced and applied empirical and graphical method to fulfil this task and derived geochemical parameters from well logs data. The method mentioned is cheap and fast. Talhar Shale has kerogen type Ⅲ and type Ⅱ which are montmorillonite clay and have potential to produce oil and gas. Talhar Shale has better sorption property. Empirical formulas are used to derive parameters, using well logs of porosity, density and uranium. Porosity and volume of kerogen, calculated from density log, give average values of 11.8% and 11.4%. Average value of level of maturity index （LMI） derived from log is 0.54, which indicates that it is at the early stage of maturity. Vitrinite reflectance is between 0.5%-0.55% as calculated by graphical method and empirical formula. Talhar Shale is at onset of oil generation, with main products of oil and gas. It is a good potential source in the study area.

关键词： Talhar Shale kerogen type sorption property thermal maturity vitrinite reflectance(Ro) Southern Lower Indus Basin.

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Demasking Multiple Artifact in Crustal Seismic Images from Marine Reflection Data in the Southern California Borderland

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Journal of earth Science 2015年第4期26卷 592-597页

作者： Christopher Gantela Aifei Bian Hua-Wei Zhou Tom Bjorklund department of earth & Atmospheric Sciences University of Houston institute of Geophysics & Geomatics China University of Geosciences

Marine seismic reflection surveys are often masked by strong water-bottom multiples that limit the use of data beyond the first multiple waves. In this study, we have successfully suppressed much of the multiple artifacts in the depth images of two of the marine seismic reflection profiles from the Los Angeles regional seismic experiment （LARSE） by applying reverse time migration （RTM）. In contrast to most seismic reflection methods that use only primary reflections and diffractions, the two-way RTM migrates both primaries and multiple reflections to their places of origination： seabed multiples to the sea bottom and primaries to the reflecting interfaces. Based on the RTM depth sections of LARSE lines 1 and 2, we recognize five stratigraphic units from the sea bottom to a depth of 6 km. These units are Pliocene and younger strata, probably Miocene syntectonic strata, two deeper sequences of unknown age and lithology as well as Miocene volcanic layers on Catalina ridge. Several inferred igneous intrusions in the upper crust comprise a sixth unit. The existence of a thick sedimentary section in the Catalina Basin, which might include Paleogene and Cretaceous fore-arc strata, has important geologic significance. If borne out by further studies, significant revisions of current structural and stratigraphic interpretations of the California borderland would be warranted.

关键词： demasking multiple artifact reverse time migration LARSE Catalina schist,hydrocarbon basin.

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An Evaluation of Reverse-Time Imaging of Clustering earthquakes

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Journal of earth Science 2015年第4期26卷 548-555页

作者： Zhihui Zou Hua-Wei Zhou Aifei Bian Jianzhong Zhang Lei Xing College of Marine geosciences Ocean University of China department of earth & Atmospheric Sciences University of Houston institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geosciences

Clustering earthquakes refer to the seismic events that occur closely with each other in time and space. Because their overlapping waveform records make it difficult to pick the first arrivals, the hypocenters of clustering earthquakes cannot be determined accurately by traveltime location methods. Here we apply a reverse-time imaging （RTI） method to map clustering earthquakes. Taking the advantage of directly using waveforms, the RTI method is capable to map either a single small earthquake or some densely distributed clustering earthquakes beneath a 2-D seismic array. In 3-D case the RTI method is successfully applied to locate the long-offset doublet earthquakes using the data from a set of sparsely distributed surface stations. However, for the same acquisition geometry, the RTI encounters challenges in mapping densely distributed clustering earthquakes. While it is obvious that improving the mapping of clustering earthquakes requires a denser receiver network with wider range of illumination angles, it is necessary to verify the actual resolution of the RTI method with synthetic data. In our study area in the Three Gorges region, our tests in 3-D case suggest that some events beneath the linear aligned sub-arrays have reasonable resolution.

关键词： clustering earthquakes reverse-time imaging hypocentral location microseismie the Three Gorges.

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