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Calculation and prediction of divertor detachment via impurity seeding by using one-dimensional model

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 370-379页

作者：周文杰刘晓菊邬潇河李邦石奇奇樊皓尘杨艳杰李国强 institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

Achieving the detachment of divertor can help to alleviate excessive heat load and sputtering problems on the target plates,thereby extending the lifetime of divertor components for fusion *** order to provide a fast but relatively reliable prediction of plasma parameters along the flux tube for future device design,a one-dimensional(1D)modeling code for the operating point of impurity seeded detached divertor is developed based on Python language,which is a fluid model based on previous work(Plasma *** 58045013(2016)).The experimental observation of the onset of divertor detachment by neon(Ne)and argon(Ar)seeding in EAST is well reproduced by using the 1D modeling *** comparison between the 1D modeling and two-dimensional(2D)simulation by the SOLPS-ITER code for CFETR detachment operation with Ne and Ar seeding also shows that they are in good *** also predict the radiative power loss and corresponding impurity concentration requirement for achieving divertor detachment via different impurity seeding under high heating power conditions in EAST and CFETR phase II by using the 1D *** on the predictions,the optimized parameter space for divertor detachment operation on EAST and CFETR is also *** a simple but reliable 1D model can provide a reasonable parameter input for a detailed and accurate analysis by 2D or three-dimensional(3D)modeling tools through rapid parameter scanning.

关键词： divertor detachment impurity seeding one-dimensional modeling

Rediscovery of numerical Lüscher's formula from the neural network

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第7期48卷 38-44页

作者：陆宇王一佳陈莹吴佳俊 School of physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

We present that by predicting the spectrum in discrete space from the phase shift in continuous space,the neural network can remarkably reproduce the numerical Lüscher's formula to a high *** model-independent property of the Lüscher's formula is naturally realized by the generalizability of the neural *** exhibits the great potential of the neural network to extract model-independent relation between model-dependent quantities,and this data-driven approach could greatly facilitate the discovery of the physical principles underneath the intricate data.

关键词： Luescher's formula neural network finite volume effects LQCD

Recent progress in photocatalytic NAD(P)H regeneration for photocatalytic-enzymatic-coupling system

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 1-24页

作者： Wei Lan Maodi Wang Huicong Dai Qihua Yang Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Reactive Chemistry on Solid SurfacesInstitute of Physical ChemistryZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

The enzymatic redox reactions in natural photosynthesis rely much on the participation of cofactors,with reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADH/NADPH)or their oxidized form(NAD+/NADP+)as an important redox *** photocatalytic regeneration of expensive and unstable NADH/NADPH in vitro is an important process in enzymatic reduction and has attracted much research *** different types of photocatalysts have been developed for photocatalytic NADH/NADPH regeneration,the efficiency is still relatively *** elucidate the key factors affecting the performance of photocatalytic NADH/NADPH regeneration is helpful to rationally design the photocatalyst and improve the photocatalytic *** this paper,we overview the recent progress in photocatalytic NADH/NADPH regeneration with the focus on the strategies to improve the visible light adsorption,the charge separation and migration efficiency,as well as the surface reaction,which jointly determine the overall photocatalytic regeneration *** potential development of photocatalytic NADH/NADPH regeneration and photocatalyticenzymatic-coupling system is prospected finally.

关键词： photocatalytic-enzymatic coupling NAD(P)H regeneration photocatalysis efficiency

A novel structure of ultra-high-loading small moleculesencapsulated ZIF-8 colloid particles

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2929-2940页

作者： Pengfei Duan Yunhe An Xiaoxiao Wei Yanjie Tian Di Guan Xiangwen Liu Lanqun Mao institute of Analysis and Testing Beijing Academy of Science and Technology(Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis)Beijing 100089China College of Chemistry Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The safety of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems(DDSs)for cancer treatment is still a challenge,restricted by the intrinsic cytotoxicity of drug carriers and leakage of loaded ***,we propose a novel nanocarrier’s cytotoxicity avoidance strategy by synthesizing an encapsulation core–shell structure of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8)-based colloid particles(CPs)with an amorphous ZIF-8 *** encapsulation structure achieves an ultra-high loading rate(LR)of 90%(i.e.,9 mg doxorubicin(DOX)per 1 mg ZIF-8)for DOX and the protection of DOX from ***,to deliver unit-dose drug,this ultra-high LR of 90%significantly reduces the usage of ZIF-8 to 1.2%(2 orders of magnitude)compared to that of DOX@ZIF-8 with a 10%LR,in which cytotoxicity of ZIF-8 could well below the safety limit and then be relatively ***,drug delivery efficacy,scale-up ability,and universality of this encapsulation structure have been further *** findings suggest the great potential of this ZIF-8-based encapsulation core–shell structure in the field of drug delivery.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8) drug delivery nanoparticles nanostructures

High precision current mirror circuit based on two-dimensional material transistors

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 353-354页

作者： Shiping GAO Chen PAN Pincheng SU Xing-Jian YANGDONG Wentao YU Zhoujie ZENG Yu SHEN Jingwen SHI Yanwei CUI Pengfei WANG Yuekun YANG Cong WANG Bing CHENG Shi-Jun LIANG Feng MIAO institute of Interdisciplinary physical Sciences School of Physics Nanjing University of Science and Technology institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of PhysicsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures

The emerging two-dimensional field-effect transistor(2DFET) is considered an important candidate device for driving future integrated circuit technology toward higher performance, lower power consumption, and more functionalities [1,2]. Among the integrated circuits, analog circuits play a crucial role as they are responsible for sampling, amplifying, and transmitting signals.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Patterning single-layer materials by electrical breakdown using atomic force microscopy

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第1期7卷 71-77页

作者： Yajie Yang Jiajia Lu Yanbo Xie Libing Duan School of physical Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China School of Aeronautics and institute of Extreme Mechanics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

The development of nanoelectronics and nanotechnologies has been boosted signiﬁcantly by the emergence of 2D materials because of their atomic thickness and peculiar properties,and developing a universal,precise patterning technology for single-layer 2D materials is critical for assembling *** here is a nanomachining technique using electrical breakdown by an AFM tip to fabricate nanopores,nanostrips,and other nanostructures on *** can be achieved by voltage scanning or applying a constant voltage while moving the *** measuring the electrical current,the formation process on single-layer materials was shown *** present results provide evidence of successful pattern fabrication on single-layer MoS2,boron nitride,and graphene,although further conﬁrmation is still *** proposed method holds promise as a general nanomachining technology for the future.

关键词： 2D material Nanopattern AFM Electrical breakdown Lithography

An in-situ polymerized interphase engineering for high-voltage allsolid- state lithium-metal batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2687-2692页

作者： Lu Nie Shaojie Chen Mengtian Zhang Tianyi Gao Yuyao Zhang Ran Wei Yining Zhang Wei Liu School of physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen institute&Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)have attracted great interest due to their promising energy density and strong ***,the interface issues,including large interfacial resistance between electrode and electrolyte and low electrochemical stability of solid-state electrolytes against high-voltage cathodes,have restricted the development of high-voltage ***,we report an ASSLB with stable cycling by adopting a conformal polymer interlayer in-situ formed at the Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZTO)–cathode *** polymer can perfectlyﬁll the voids and create a stable interface contact between LLZTO and *** addition,the electric field across the polymer interlayer is reduced compared with pure solid polymer electrolyte(SPE),which facilitates the electrochemical stability with high-voltage *** all-solid-state Li|LLZTO-SPE|LiFe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6)PO_(4)(LMFP)cells achieve a low interface impedance,high specific capacity,and excellent cycling *** work presents an effective and practical strategy to rationally design the electrode–electrolyte interface for the application of high-voltage ASSLBs.

关键词： all-solid-state lithium batteries interface contact electric field electrochemical stability

Combinations of electron and proton donors in transition-metal complex mediated nitrogen reduction reactions

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2136-2154页

作者： Delong Han Li Yang Hao Huang Priyanka Chakraborty Shashikant U.Dighe Kuo-Wei Huang KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955Saudi Arabia Agency for Science Technologyand ResearchInstitute of Materials Research and Engineering and Institute of Sustainability for ChemicalsEnergy and EnvironmentSingapore 138634Singapore

Nitrogen fixation is a complex process involving the transfer of six electrons and *** from the conventional Haber-Bosch process,which relies on hydrogen(H_(2))to provide both electrons and protons to reduce nitrogen(N_(2)),homogeneous transition metal complex-catalyzed N_(2)reduction reactions(NRR)employ an array of electron and proton donors or even electron donors combined with *** the synthesis of diverse catalytic progress,the categories of donors have seen rapid ***,existing literature only provides summaries regarding the metal,ligands,and *** the significance of electron and proton donor combinations in nitrogen reduction reactions,no literature has thoroughly reviewed this ***,we hereby compiled a comprehensive list of commonly used reagents in N_(2)reduction and classified them according to their specific donor *** review presents clear and organized information about these combinations,along with a summary of their general performance trend in NRR with related ***,we conclude the discussion by highlighting key points for researchers to consider when selecting catalysts and donor combinations,with the ultimate goal of advancing the field of nitrogen fixation.

关键词： dinitrogen reduction reaction reducing donor combination transition metal complexes homogeneous catalysis

High temperature deformation and recrystallization behavior of magnesium bicrystals with 90°<1010>and 90°<1120>tilt grain boundaries

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 625-638页

作者： Kevin Bissa Talal Al-Samman Dmitri A.Molodov institute of physical Metallurgy and Materials Physics RWTH Aachen University52056 AachenGermany International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology(IROAST) Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto 860-8555Japan

The deformation mechanisms and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)behavior of specifically grown bicrystals with a symmetric 90°and 90°tilt grain boundary,respectively,were investigated under deformation in plane strain compression at 200℃and 400℃.The microstructures were analyzed by panoramic optical microscopy and large-area electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)orientation *** analysis employed a meticulous approach utilizing hundreds of individual,small EBSD maps with a small step size that were stitched together to provide comprehensive access to orientation and misorientation data on a macroscopic *** slip primarily governed the early stages of deformation at the two temperatures,and the resulting shear induced lattice rotation around the transverse direction(TD)of the *** existence of the grain boundary gave rise to dislocation pile-up in its vicinity,leading to much larger TD-lattice rotations within the boundary region compared to the *** increasing temperature,the deformation was generally more uniform towards the bulk due to enhanced dislocation mobility and more uniform stress *** recrystallization at 200℃was initiated in{1011}-compression twins at strains of 40%and *** 400℃,DRX consumed the entire grain boundary region and gradually replaced the deformed microstructure with progressing *** recrystallized grains displayed characteristic orientations,such that their c-axes were perpendicular to the TD and additionally scattered between 0°and 60°from the loading *** recrystallized grains displayed mutual rotations of up to 30°around the c-axes of the initial grains,forming a discernible basal fiber texture component,prominently visible in the{1120}pole *** is noteworthy that the deformation and DRX behaviors of the two analyzed bicrystals exhibited marginal variations in response to strain and deformation temperature.

关键词： Elevated deformation temperatures Plain strain compression Magnesium bicrystals Panorama EBSD Dynamic Recrystallization