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Geochemical characteristics of the Permian Changxing Formation reef dolomites,northeastern Sichuan Basin,China

Petroleum Science 2013年第1期10卷 38-49页

作者： Hu Zuowei Huang Sijing Li Zhiming Zhang Yingying Xu Ershe Qi Shichao State Key Laboratory of oil/gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Institute of Sedimentary GeologyChengdu University of Technology Wuxi Research institute of Petroleum Geology SINOPEC Exploration&Production Institute

The recent discovery of deep and ultra-deep gas reservoirs in the Permian Changxing Formation reefs, northeastern Sichuan Basin is a significant development in marine carbonate oil ＆ gas exploration in China. Reef dolomites and their origins have been major research topics for sedimentologists and oil ＆ gas geologists. The petrography, trace element and isotope geochemistry of the reef dolomites indicated that the dolomites are characterized by low Sr and Mn contents, relatively low Fe contents, very similar δ13C and 6180 values and very different 87Sr/86Sr ratios. Although the calculated results of the fluid mixing suggested that a mixture with 85%-95% meteoric water and 50/o- 15% seawater seemed to be the dolomitizing fluids of the reef dolomites, the low Mn contents, relatively low Fe contents, high δ13c values and high homogenization temperatures of the dolomites did not support that there were large proportions of meteoric water in the dolomitization process, and the 87Sr/86Sr ratios which were close to coeval seawater also did not support the possibility of the mixture of deep-burial circulated fluids from clastic rocks. High temperature deep-burial circulated seawater with low Mn and Fe contents, high Sr content and high δ13C values from the dissolution of widely distributed Triassic evaporites during the burial diagenetic processes （including dehydration of water-bearing evaporites） could have been the dolomitizing fluids of the reef dolomites.

关键词： Permian Changxing Formation dolomite reef geochemistry northeastern Sichuan Basin

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Organic matter occurrence and pore-forming mechanisms in lacustrine shales in China

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Petroleum Science 2022年第4期19卷 1460-1472页

作者： Li-Chun Kuang Lian-Hua Hou Song-Tao Wu Jing-Wei Cui Hua Tian Li-Jun Zhang Zhong-Ying Zhao Xia Luo Xiao-Hua Jiang Science and Technology R&D Department CNPCBeijing100000China Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development CNPCBeijing100083China National Energy Tight oil and gas R&D Center Beijing100083China Key Laboratory of oil and gas Reservoirs CNPCBeijing100083China

The evolution of pore structure in shales is affected by both the thermal evolution of organic matter(OM)and by inorganic diagenesis,resulting in a wide variety of pore *** paper examines the OM distribution in lacustrine shales and its influence on pore structure,and describes the process of porosity *** principal findings are:(i)Three distribution patterns of OM in lacustrine shales are distinguished;laminated continuous distribution,clumped distribution,and stellate scattered *** differences in total organic carbon(TOC)content,free hydrocarbon content(S_(1)),and OM porosity among these distribution patterns are discussed.(ii)Porosity is negatively correlated with TOC and plagioclase content and positively correlated with quartz,dolomite,and clay mineral content.(iii)Pore evolution in lacustrine shales is characterized by a sequence of decreasing-increasing-decreasing porosity,followed by continuously increasing porosity until a relatively stable condition is reached.(iv)A new model for evaluating porosity in lacustrine shales is *** this model,the organic and inorganic porosity of shales in the Permian Lucaogou Formation are calculated to be 2.5%-5%and 1%-6.3%,respectively,which correlate closely with measured *** findings may provide a scientific basis and technical support for the sweet spotting in lacustrine shales in China.

关键词： Shale oil Unconventional oil and gas Organic matter Pore evolution Log interpretation model

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The Research Progress on the Occurrence Mechanism of Detained Hydrocarbon

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第A1期89卷 164-165页

作者： SONG Liping XUE Haitao LU Shuangfang TIAN Shansi China University of Petroleum(Hua Dong) Unconventional oil and gas and New Energy Research Institute

Unconventional oil and gas resources are closely to the retaining ability of hydrocarbon of source rock. The detained hydrocarbon can be divided to two parties： organic retaining ability including the swelling and adsorption function of kerogen and retaining ability of organic pore, and inorganic retaining ability including adsorption of detrital minerals and retaining ability of inorganic pore.

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In-service shear check of heated cased insulated flowlines

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Petroleum Science 2012年第4期9卷 527-531页

作者： Zhao Tianfeng Duan Menglan Jia Xu Jiao Bintian Offshore oil/gas Research Center China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China CNOOC Research institute Beijing 100027China

Starting friction would be induced and preserved somewhere along the seabed route of cased insulated flowlines（CIF） when the pipe carries service *** axial pipe-soil interaction can be divided into three pipe sections：the sliding section,the fixed section and the starting friction *** limited to a relatively small length of the pipe,the pipe coats of the starting friction section would suffer much higher shear force caused by thermal expansion than those of the sliding section or the fixed *** on the axial equilibrium equation of this kind of insulated pipeline,we developed a method for checking the shear force on CIF coats and their *** typical example shows that starting friction effect should be taken into account when checking the lap shear strength of heatshrinkable sleeves on CIF field joints.

关键词： Cased insulated flowlines starting friction thermal expansion shear failure

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Paleoenvironment of marine-continental transitional shales in the lower Permian Shanxi formation,southeastern Ordos Basin,China

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第3期5卷 221-233页

作者： Jia Tan Yuqiang Jiang Xingtao Li Chunhai Ji Yifan Gu Zhanlei Wang School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China The Unconventional Reservoir Evaluation Department PetroChina Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas ResourcesChengdu610500China Project Department of Tight oil and gas Exploration and Development PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanyChengdu610056China PetroChina Coalbed Methane Company Beijing100028China Shale gas Research institute PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield CompanyChengdu610051China

The paleoenvironment of shales can be reconstructed to some extent using the combinations or concentrations of elements that correlate strongly with environmental *** this study,we analyzed rare earth elements(REEs),major elements,and trace elements in the marine-continental transitional shales(transitional shales for short)of the Shan 2^(3)submember of the Shanxi Formation in the southeastern Ordos *** purpose is to deduce the paleoenvironmental conditions of the shales,encompassing paleoredox,paleoclimate,paleoproductivity,and *** Shan 2^(3)submember comprises four sections,namely Shan 2^(3)-1,Shan 2^(3)-2,Shan 2^(3)-3,and Shan 2^(3)-*** Ba/Al,P/Al,and Cu/Al ratios,along with biogenic barium(Babio),indicate that the paleoproductivity of the submember peaked during the Shan 2^(3)-1 deposition and exhibited a downtrend upward in other *** in the Uau and the Ni/Co,V/Cr,U/Th,and V/Sc ratios suggest that suboxic conditions prevailed during the Shan 2^(3)-1 deposition,with the oxidation level gradually increasing from Shan 2^(3)-1 to Shan 2^(3)-4.C-value and the Sr/Cu ***/Rb cross-plot indicate a warm and arid paleoclimate during the Shan 2^(3)-1 deposition,which transitioned to cooler,drier conditions during the deposition of other *** sensitive to paleoclimate,such as the K/Rb and Th/U ratios,along with the ICV,PIA,and Chemical Index of Alteration(CIA),highlight elevated weathering from Shan 2^(3)-2 to Shan 2^(3)-4,with Shan 2^(3)-1 exhibiting the weakest weathering during its *** suggested by the REE data,the Zr/Sc ***/Sr cross-plot,provenance discriminant functions,and the cross-plots of Hf ***/Th,Th ***-Co,and∑REE ***/Yb,the sedimentary provenance for the transitional shales of the Shan 2^(3)submember is of multiple origins,with significant contributions from the Upper Continental Crust(UCC).Discriminant diagrams,including those of Th-Co-Zr/10,Th-Sc-Zr/10,La-Th-Sc,and K_(2)O/Na_(2)O

关键词： Transitional shale Paleoenvironment Elemental geochemistry Upper Permian Shan 2^(3)submember Ordos basin

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Dolomitization by Penesaline Sea Water in Early Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, Central Sichuan Basin, China

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第2期28卷 305-314页

作者： Xuefei Yang Hao Tang Xingzhi Wang Yaping Wang Yueming Yang State Key Laboratory of oil and gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China Research institute of Exploration and Development Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company PetroChina Chengdu 610051 China

The Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation shoal dolostone reservoir in Sichuan Basin is currently an exploration and research highlight in China. Reservoir rocks mainly consist of crystalline dolomite with residual grain texture, and dolarenite of which the arene is mainly composed of muddy to micritic dolomite with some crystalline grain directionally aligned. The trace element indicates that the dolomites of Longwangmiao Formation may be related to the high salinity of sea water. The oxygen isotope values of crystalline dolomite and dolarenite are both similar to that of the Early Cambrian marine dolomites, and the carbon isotope values of every kind of dolomites are completely overlapped with that of the seawater in Early Cambrian, indicating the dolomitization fluid is originated from the Early Cambrian sea water. The restricted marine biological communities and a small amount of gypsum pseudonodule seen in muddy to micritic dolomite indicate that the sea water in Early Cambrian was restricted and evaporated. However, the general lack of massive evaporite mineral and gypsum karst breccia indicates that the salinity of sea water during dolomitization was lower than the value of gypsum＇s precipitation. The Longwangmiao Formation consists of several high-frequency sedimentary cycles, indicating frequent sea level changes. This study indicates that massive dolomitization may also occur in underwater palaeohigh in carbonate platform through the reflux of penesaline sea water driven by a combination of high-and low-frequency sea-level changes. This kind of dolomitization can explain the generation of massive dolomites in the absence of evaporite precipitation, and further indicates that replacement dolomites can be produced by sea water with a wide range of salinity（normal, penesaline to hypersaline）.

关键词： Penesaline sea water Dolomitization Early Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation central Sichuan Basin

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Favorable Depth Distribution of Coalbed Methane Enrichment and High Yield Zone in Slope Areas

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第1期91卷 371-372页

作者： SONG Yan LIU Shaobo MA Xingzhi JIANG Lin HONG Feng Collaborative Innovation Center of Unconventional oil and gas Exploration and Development Northeast Petroleum University Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina

Objective More than 60%of China＇s coalbed methane（CBM）resources are distributed in medium-high rank coalbearing *** practices have confirmed that the medium-high rank CBM enrichment and high yield zones are mainly distributed in the slope areas of coal basins and are significantly jointly controlled by gas content and permeability of coal seams.

关键词： than In CBM

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Calculating single layer production contribution of heavy oil commingled wells by analysis of aromatic parameters in whole-oil GC-MS

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Petroleum Science 2014年第1期11卷 89-96页

作者： Xu Yaohui Ma Li Li Linxiang Cui Wenfu Cheng Xiaowei Wang Xiaoping institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for oil and gas Resources of Ministry of Education Yangtze University Gudong oil Production Plant of Shengli oilfield Subsidiary Company SINOPEC

Traditional fluid production profile logging is not usually suitable for heavy-viscous crude oil *** of heavy oil can lead to the loss of n-alkanes,and the use of chromatogram fingerprint techniques in studying the production contributions of single layers in heavy oil commingled wells has ***,aromatic compounds are relatively well *** took the heavy oil commingled wells of small layers NG55 and NG61 in the ninth area of the Gudong oil field as *** on the principle of chromatography,the whole-oil GC-MS was used,and the aromatic parameters which have a strongly linear relationship with the ratio of mixed two end member oils were verified and selected in *** showed that the ratio of （1,4,6-＋ 2,3,6-trimethylnaphthalene） to 1,2,5-trimethylnaphthalene has a strongly linear relationship with the ratio of the mixed two end member oils （R2=0.992）.The oil contributions from single layers NG55 and NG61 in six commingled heavy oil wells were calculated using established charts and this *** calculated results are consistent with the results of long period dynamic monitoring and logging interpretation in the study area and can provide a scientific basis for monitoring production performance and hierarchical management of *** study provides a new geochemical method for calculation of the contributions of single layers in heavy oil commingled wells when conventional fluid production profile logging is not suitable.

关键词： Whole-oil GC-MS aromatic parameters commingled producing wells single layer production the ninth area of the Gudong oilfield

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Evaluation on the anisotropic brittleness index of shale rock using geophysical logging

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Petroleum 2023年第4期9卷 545-557页

作者： Junchuan Gui Jianchun Guo Yu Sang Yaxi Chen Tianshou Ma P.G.Ranjith Research institute of Shale gas PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gasfield CompanyChengdu610051China State Key Laboratory of oil and gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Shunan gas Mine PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyLuzhou646000China Downhole Service Company CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company LimitedChengdu610501China Deep Earth Energy Laboratory Department of Civil EngineeringMonash UniversityMelbourne3800Australia

The brittleness index plays a significant role in the hydraulic fracturing design and wellbore stability analysis of shale *** brittleness indices have been proposed to characterize the brittleness of shale rocks,but almost all of them ignored the anisotropy of the brittleness ***,uniaxial compression testing integrated with geophysical logging was used to provide insights into the anisotropy of the brittleness index for Longmaxi shale,the presented method was utilized to assess brittleness index of Longmaxi shale formation for the interval of 3155e3175 m in CW-1 *** results indicated that the brittleness index of Longmaxi shale showed a distinct anisotropy,and it achieved the minimum value at β=45°-60°.As the bedding angle increased,the observed brittleness index(BI_(2_β))decreased firstly and increased then,it achieved the lowest value at β=40°-60°,and it is consistent with the uniaxial compression testing *** to the isotropic brittleness index(β=0°),the deviation of the anisotropic brittleness index ranged from 10%to 66.7%,in other words,the anisotropy of brittleness index cannot be ignored for Longmaxi *** matter content is one of the main intrinsic causes of shale anisotropy,and the anisotropy degree of the brittleness index generally increases with the increase in organic matter *** present work is valuable for the assessment of anisotropic brittleness for hydraulic fracturing design and wellbore stability analysis.

关键词： Shale rock Brittleness Brittleness index Anisotropy Transverse isotropy Geophysical logging

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Promoter effect on the CO_2-H_2O formation during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on iron-based catalysts

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Journal of Natural gas Chemistry 2010年第2期19卷 193-197页

作者： Ali Nakhaei Pour Seyed Mehdi Kamali Shahri Yahya Zamani Akbar Zamanian Research institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) of National Iranian oil Company Gas Research DivisionP.O.Box 14665-137TehranIran

The effects of Mg,La and Ca promoters on primary and secondary CO2 and H2O formation pathways during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on precipitated Fe/Cu/SiO2 catalysts are *** chemisorbed oxygen atoms in the primary pathway formed in the CO dissociation steps reacted with co-adsorbed hydrogen or carbon monoxide to produce H2O and CO2,*** secondary pathway was the water-gas shift *** results indicated that the CO2 production led to an increase in both primary and secondary pathways,and H2O production decreased when surface basicity of the catalyst increased in the order Ca 〉 Mg 〉 La.

关键词： Ca promoter Mg promoter La promoter Fischer-Tropsch synthesis iron-based catalyst water-gas shift reaction

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