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Machine-learned wearable sensors for real-time hand-motion recognition: toward practical applications

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 231-263页

作者： Kyung Rok Pyun Kangkyu Kwon Myung Jin Yoo Kyun Kyu Kim Dohyeon Gong Woon-Hong Yeo Seungyong Han Seung Hwan Ko Department of Mechanical engineering Seoul National University IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and engineering Institute for Electronics and NanotechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Chemical engineering Stanford University Department of Mechanical engineering Ajou University George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical engineering Georgia Institute of Technology institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National University

Soft electromechanical sensors have led to a new paradigm of electronic devices for novel motion-based wearable applications in our daily lives. However, the vast amount of random and unidentified signals generated by complex body motions has hindered the precise recognition and practical application of this technology. Recent advancements in artificial-intelligence technology have enabled significant strides in extracting features from massive and intricate data sets, thereby presenting a breakthrough in utilizing wearable sensors for practical applications. Beyond traditional machine-learning techniques for classifying simple gestures, advanced machine-learning algorithms have been developed to handle more complex and nuanced motion-based tasks with restricted training data sets. Machine-learning techniques have improved the ability to perceive, and thus machine-learned wearable soft sensors have enabled accurate and rapid human-gesture recognition, providing real-time feedback to users. This forms a crucial component of future wearable electronics, contributing to a robust human–machine interface. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary covering materials, structures and machine-learning algorithms for hand-gesture recognition and possible practical applications through machine-learned wearable electromechanical sensors.

关键词： wearable sensor soft electronics artificial intelligence machine learning human–machine interfaces gesture recognition

Biological Interaction and Imaging of Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 69-98页

作者： Dongmiao Sang Xiaoxi Luo Jinbin Liu Key Laboratory of Functional molecular engineering of Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China

Ultrasmall gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)typically includes atomically precise gold nanoclusters(AuNCs)and AuNPs with a core size below 3 nm.Serving as a bridge between small molecules and traditional inorganic nanoparticles,the ultrasmall AuNPs show the unique advantages of both small molecules(e.g.,rapid distribution,renal clearance,low non-specific organ accumulation)and nanoparticles(e.g.,long blood circulation and enhanced permeability and retention effect).The emergence of ultrasmall AuNPs creates significant opportunities to address many challenges in the health field including disease diagnosis,monitoring and treatment.Since the nano–bio interaction dictates the overall biological applications of the ultrasmall AuNPs,this review elucidates the recent advances in the biological interactions and imaging of ultrasmall AuNPs.We begin with the introduction of the factors that influence the cellular interactions of ultrasmall AuNPs.We then discuss the organ interactions,especially focus on the interactions of the liver and kidneys.We further present the recent advances in the tumor interactions of ultrasmall AuNPs.In addition,the imaging performance of the ultrasmall AuNPs is summarized and discussed.Finally,we summarize this review and provide some perspective on the future research direction of the ultrasmall AuNPs,aiming to accelerate their clinical translation.

关键词： Ultrasmall gold nanoparticle Cellular interaction Organ interaction Tumor interaction Bioimaging

Knittable and washable aerogel fiber inspired by polar bear hair

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Science China Materials 2024年第2期67卷 705-706页

作者： Yue Liu Huisheng Peng State Key Laboratory of molecular engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Scienceand Institute of Fiber Materials and DevicesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

The advances in chemistry and materials have boosted the development of smart textiles,which are poised to revolutionize human lifestyles through multifunctional integration,such as heating,cooling,sensing and supplying energy^([1,2]).Among them,thermal insulation is an essential function of textiles to protect humans from complex and extreme environments and realize personal thermal management without energy con-sumption^([3]).

关键词： textiles insulation extreme

Theoretical investigation of excited dipole bound states of alkali-containing diatomic anions

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 389-393页

作者：连艺肖利丹边丽丽徐海峰闫冰 institute of Atomic and molecular Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Information about electronic excited states of molecular anions plays an important role in investigating electron attachment and detachment processes.Here we present a high-level theoretical study of the electronic structures of 12 alkali-metal-containing diatomic anions MX-(MX = LiH,LiF,LiCl,NaF,NaCl,NaBr,RbCl,KCl,KBr,RbI,KI and CsI).The equation-of-motion electron-attachment coupled-cluster singles and doubles(EOM-EA-CCSD) method is used to calculate the electron binding energies(EBEs) of 10 electronic excited states of each of the 12 molecule anions.With addition of different s-/p-/d-type diffusion functions in the basis set,we have identified possible excited dipole bound states(DBSs) of each anion.With the investigation of EBEs on the 12 MXs with dipole moment(DM) up to 12.1 D,we evaluate the dependence of the number of anionic excited DBSs on molecular DM.The results indicate that there are at least two or three DBSs of anions with a molecular DM larger than 7 D and a molecule with DM > 10 D can sustain a π-DBS of the anion.Our study has some implications for the excited DBS electronic states of alkali-metal-containing diatomic molecules.

关键词： anions dipole bound states alkali-metal-containing diatomic molecules

engineering the Interface Between Au Nanoparticles and CoO-Ov to Enhance the Catalytic Performance of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)to 2,5-Dimethylfuran(DMF)

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第1期40卷 47-54页

作者： XIANG Shuang GUO Yong LIU Xiaohui WANG Yanqin Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and molecular engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterResearch Institute of Industrial CatalysisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237P.R.China

The interface between Au and support has attracted extensive interest because of its unique catalytic ability for hydrogen activation in catalytic hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis reactions.Herein,we create the Au-CoO-OV interface in the 1.0%Au/Co3O4-Rod-250 catalyst,which could dissociate H2 via the heterolytic way to yield rich hydride species and achieve excellent catalytic performance in the hydrogenolysis of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)to 2,5-dimethylfuran(DMF).The XRD and HRTEM analyses show that Au nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed on CoO-OV surface and in situ DRIFTS spectra show the enhancement of heterolytic dissociation of hydrogen(signals of Au-D and O-D vibration)compared with bare CoO(Co3O4-Rod-250).This work provides insights for fabricating highly active Au-support catalysts for catalytic hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis reactions.

关键词： Au-CoO-OV interface Hydride species Heterolytic dissociation 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) 2 5-Dimethylfuran(DMF)

Highly selective growth of(6,5)single-walled carbon nanotubes from sigma phase alloy catalyst

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1999-2003页

作者： Liantao Xin Chen Ma Qianru Wu Shaokang Liu Linhai Li Xiuyun Zhang Liu Qian Maoshuai He Dong Li Fangqian Han Shulan Hao Lihu Feng Yahan Li Huaping Liu Lili Zhang Chang Liu Jin Zhang College of Chemistry and molecular engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Physics Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225002China Center for Nanochemistry Beijing Science and Engineering Center for NanocarbonsBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The chirality structure of a single-walled carbon nanotube(SWNT)strongly depends on the composition of catalyst used in the chemical vapor deposition process.In this study,we develop a porous magnesia supported manganese-rhenium(MnRe/MgO)catalyst for chirality-selective synthesis of SWNTs.Detailed characterizations reveal that(6,5)tubes with a selectivity higher than 70%are grown from the Re-rich MnRe/MgO catalyst.By comparing the SWNT growth results with those of monometallic Mn or Re,the formation of sigma phase,an intermetallic compound occurring in transition-metal alloy systems,is revealed to be crucial for the dominant synthesis of(6,5)SWNTs.This work not only extends the application of sigma phase alloy for catalytic synthesis of SWNTs,but also sheds lights on the growth of SWNTs with a high chirality selectivity.

关键词： single-walled carbon nanotubes sigma phase manganese-rhenium catalyst selective growth transition-metal alloy

Palladium-Catalyzed anti-Markovnikov Halosulfonamidation of Unactivated Alkene

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第5期42卷 464-470页

作者： Bowen Wang Jianxiao Li Wanqing Wu Huanfeng Jiang State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper engineering Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong510641 China

Palladium-catalyzed regioselective amination of unactivated alkene remains a challenge and is of great interest.Herein,a three-component coupling of unactivated alkene,sulfonamide,and N-halo compounds accessing vicinal haloamine has been conceived.This aminohalogenation represents a modular and regioselective strategy.The electrophilic halogenating agent enables regioselective anti-Markovnikov aminopalladation and facilitates subsequent halogenation events.And this protocol is characterized by gram-scale syntheses and late-stage functionalizations.Of note,the recovered byproduct phthalimide allows for reusing by conversion to the starting material.

关键词： Unactivated alkene anti-Markovnikov aminopalladation Vicinal haloamine Palladium catalysis Halosulfonamidation Selectivity N-Halo compounds

Axial enantiomers with donor-regulated TADF feature for multicolor circularly polarized electroluminescence

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2039-2045页

作者： Chen-Hao Guo Wen-Long Zhao Ke-Ke Tan Wei-Chen Guo Liheng Feng Chuan-Feng Chen Meng Li School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan030006China Beijing National Laboratory for molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and FunctionInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

This study optimized the TADF feature of axial chiral enantiomers through precise donor engineering,and multicolor CP-TADFwas achieved in the axial chiral framework.Three pairs of axial enantiomers with donor-regulated TADF feature,namely(R/S)-TPCBD,(R/S)-DPCBD,and(R/S)-DPACBD,were synthesized by introducing carbazole donors with different substituents onto biphenyl cyanide acceptors.As the electron-donating ability of donors increases,the emission of these axial enantiomers ranges from 455,476 to 552 nm,their singlet-triplet energy gaps(ΔE_(ST))gradually decrease from 0.30,0.22 to 0.02 e V,accompanied by an increasement in the transition rate(k_(RISC))of RISC process,and the k_(RISC)of DPACBD could reach up to 7.16×10^(5)s^(-1).These axial enantiomers also exhibit mirror-image CD and circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)properties.Moreover,OLEDs based on TPCBD,DPCBD,and DPACBD as emitter were then fabricated,which displayed blue,green,and orange electroluminescence with EQE_(max)of 13.0%,16.4%,and 25.0%,respectively.The results also exhibited a phenomenon of device efficiency increasing with the enhancement of donor abilities.Notably,the CP-OLEDs using(R/S)-TPCBD,(R/S)-DPCBD and(R/S)-DPACBD as emitters displayed intense CPEL signals with g_(EL)values of 3.4×10^(-3)/-4.1×10^(-3),3.2×10^(-3)/-3.1×10^(-3)and2.3×10^(-3)/-2.1×10^(-3),respectively.By convenient molecular engineering of donor regulation in the same molecular skeleton,CP-TADF materials with multicolor CPEL and improved device performance could be conveniently achieved.

关键词： axial chirality thermally activated delayed fluorescence circularly polarized luminescence electroluminescence organic light-emitting diodes

Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction to C_(2+)products over Cu/Zn intermetallic catalysts synthesized by electrodeposition

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 80-88页

作者： Ting DENG Shuaiqiang JIA Shitao HAN Jianxin ZHAI Jiapeng JIAO Xiao CHEN Cheng XUE Xueqing XING Wei XIA Haihong WU Mingyuan HE Buxing HAN School of Chemistry and molecular engineering East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China institute of Eco-Chongming Shanghai 202162China institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction(ECR)offers an attractive approach to realizing carbon neutrality and producing valuable chemicals and fuels using CO_(2)as the feedstock.However,the lack of cost-effective electrocatalysts with better performances has seriously hindered its application.Herein,a one-step co-electrodeposition method was used to introduce Zn,a metal with weak^(*)CO binding energy,into Cu to form Cu/Zn intermetallic catalysts(Cu/Zn IMCs).It was shown that,using an H-cell,the high Faradaic efficiency of C_(2+)hydrocarbons/alcohols()could be achieved in ECR by adjusting the surface metal components and the applied potential.In suitable conditions,FEC_(2+)and current density could be as high as 75%and 40 mA/cm^(2),respectively.Compared with the Cu catalyst,the Cu/Zn IMCs have a lower interfacial charge transfer resistance and a larger electrochemically active surface area(ECSA),which accelerate the reaction.Moreover,the^(*)CO formed on Zn sites can move to Cu sites due to its weak binding with*CO,and thus enhance the C–C coupling on the Cu surface to form C_(2+)products.

关键词： carbon dioxide electroreduction electrochemistry co-electrodeposition intermetallic catalysts value-added chemicals