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Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality assessment for drinking and agricultural purposes in District Jacobabad,Lower Indus Plain,Pakistan

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第2期11卷 115-121页

作者： Asfandyar Shahab Shihua Qi Muhammad Zaheer Audil Rashid Muhammad Afnan Talib Umer Ashraf College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilinGuangxi 541004China School of Environmental studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Department of Environmental Sciences PMAS Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China

Undeniably water is of utmost importance while considering basic *** investigation emphasized on the hydrochemical evaluation and drinking water quality assessment in District Jacobabad located in lower Indus plain,*** world's largest irrigation system emerged from Indus Basin,which is underlain by well transmissive aquifer resulting in higher water *** supply schemes with their water sources from ground water and surface water provide piped water for drinking purpose to the *** samples were collected from all the forty eight supply schemes of which thirty two were found *** parameters were compared with World Health Organization(WHO)and Pakistan Water Quality Standards but adversely substantial samples were found ***,bicarbonate and nitrate met the standard safe limits while values for EC,TDS,hardness,cations and anions exceeded the limits in numerous *** and ArcGIS softwares were used for statistical analysis and spatial distribution of *** facies were developed and suitability assessment of water resources was examined for agricultural *** ground water type was classified as Na-HCO3 type with high salinity and it required treatment prior to *** proposed research exhibited the probable drinking water contamination sources and it demanded instant actions to further protect the valuable drinking water resources in District Jacobabad.

关键词： water quality assessment water supply schemes drinking and agriculture arsenic ArcGIS Pakistan

High-throughput screening of SARS-CoV-2 main and papain-like protease inhibitors

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Protein & Cell 2023年第1期14卷 17-27页

作者： Yi Zang Mingbo Su Qingxing Wang Xi Cheng Wenru Zhang Yao Zhao Tong Chen Yingyan Jiang Qiang Shen Juan Du Qiuxiang Tan Peipei Wang Lixin Gao Zhenming Jin Mengmeng Zhang Cong Li Ya Zhu Bo Feng Bixi Tang Han Xie Ming-Wei Wang Mingyue Zheng Xiaoyan Pan Haitao Yang Yechun Xu Beili Wu Leike Zhang Zihe Rao Xiuna Yang Hualiang Jiang Gengfu Xiao Qiang Zhao Jia Li The National Center for Drug Screening Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 310024China School of Chinese Materia Medica Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Shanghai institute for Advanced Immunochemical studies and School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Zhongshan Branch the Institute of Drug Discovery and DevelopmentChinese Academy of SciencesGuangdong 528400China

The global COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic has infected over 109 million people,leading to over 2 million deaths up to date and still lacking of effective drugs for patient ***,we screened about 1.8 million small molecules against the main protease(M^(pro))and papain like protease(PL^(pro)),two major proteases in severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 genome,and identified 1851M^(pro)inhibitors and 205 PL^(pro)inhibitors with low nmol/l activity of the best *** these inhibitors,eight small molecules showed dual inhibition effects on both M^(pro)and PL^(pro),exhibiting potential as better candidates for COVID-19 *** best inhibitors of each protease were tested in antiviral assay,with over 40%of M^(pro)inhibitors and over 20%of PL^(pro)inhibitors showing high potency in viral inhibition with low *** X-ray crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 M^(pro)in complex with its potent inhibitor 4a was determined at 1.8Å*** with docking assays,our results provide a comprehensive resource for future research on anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug development.

关键词： high-throughput screening SARS CoV-2 main papain-like proteases

The Value of Clean Air in China： Evidence from Beijing and Shanghai

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2014年第1期9卷 109-137页

作者： Jijun Tan Jinhua Zhao Research institute for Economics and Management Southwest University of Finance andEconomics Chengdu 610074 China Department of Economics Department of Agriculture Food and Resource Economics Environmental Science and Policy Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI48824 USA institute for Advanced studies Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Shanghai200433 China

We estimate the willingness to pay （WTP） of Beijing and Shanghai residents for improving the air quality of the two cities from their levels prior to the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games to the level achieved during the Olympics. The data are obtained from a contingent valuation study conducted through face-to-face interviews in June 2008 in Beijing and Shanghai prior to the Beijing Olympics, during which time there was intensive debate about Beijing＇s air quality. Residents in both cities are willing to pay more when they are more exposed to air pollution, when their disposable income increases, and when they have stronger beliefs that public opinion plays an important role in government policy making. Beijing residents are willing to pay more than Shanghai residents, due possibly to Beijing＇s poorer air quality. Overall, aggregate WTP for air quality improvement accounts for about 0.53% of the 2008 GDP in Beijing and 0.22% of the 2008 GDP in Shanghai.

关键词： contingent valuation Beijing Olympic Games air quality

CLIMATE PREDICTION EXPERIMENT FOR TROPICAL CYCLONE GENESIS FREQUENCY USING THE LARGE-SCALE CIRCULATION FORECAST BY A COUPLED GLOBAL CIRCULATION MODEL

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2014年第2期20卷 103-111页

作者：贾小龙陈丽娟罗京佳 National Climate Center Laboratory for Climate Studies China Meteorological Administration Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Climate Variation Predictability and Applicability Research Program Research Institute for Global Change Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and TechnologyJapan

Based on an analysis of the relationship between the tropical cyclone genesis frequency and large-scale circulation anomaly in NCEP reanalysis, large-scale atmosphere circulation information forecast by the JAMSTEC SINTEX-F coupled model is used to build a statistical model to predict the cyclogenesis frequency over the South China Sea and the western North Pacific. The SINTEX-F coupled model has relatively good prediction skill for some circulation features associated with the cyclogenesis frequency including sea level pressure, wind vertical shear, Intertropical Convergence Zone and cross-equatorial air flows. Predictors derived from these large-scale circulations have good relationships with the cyclogenesis frequency over the South China Sea and the western North Pacific. A multivariate linear regression(MLR) model is further designed using these predictors. This model shows good prediction skill with the anomaly correlation coefficient reaching, based on the cross validation, 0.71 between the observed and predicted cyclogenesis frequency. However, it also shows relatively large prediction errors in extreme tropical cyclone years(1994 and 1998, for example).

关键词： CGCM large-scale circulation tropical cyclone climate prediction

China and the Middle East after the Arab Spring: From Status-Quo Observing to Proactive Engagement

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic studies 2019年第1期13卷 1-17,I0001页

作者： Ibrahim Fraihat Andrew Leber Doha institute for Graduate studies DohaQatarCambridgeMAUSA Department of Government Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA

This paper describes the status quo of China-Middle East and North Africa(MENA)relations in the early 2000s,identifies the Arab Spring as a pivot point in Chinese engagement in the region,and notes increasingly proactive Chinese diplomacy in the region in the past few *** if Beijing harbors no hegemonic ambitions along the lines of a post-Cold War United States,its far-flung economic interests mean that conflicts in the MENA have direct implications for Chinese ***,China’s role in the MENA is evolving from status-quo observing to proactive engagement in order to address the mounting challenges in the region *** conclude by suggesting that sustaining this kind of proactive engagement requires the foreign-policy infrastructure and international goodwill to do *** China seeks to further expand its economic footprint in the region,it will need to invest more in knowledge production and academic study regarding the MENA,increase targeted development assistance to the region,and re-evaluate how it responds to major regional conflicts,both in terms of protecting its own interests and citizens and in terms of promoting peacebuilding and conflict resolution in the region.

关键词： Arab spring China conflict resolution diplomatic mediation Middle East

Chaos, Turbulence and Fractal: Theory and Applications

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International Journal of Modern Nonlinear Theory and Application 2013年第3期2卷 176-185页

作者： Edgar E. Escultura V. Laksshmikantham institute for Advanced studies GVP College of Engineering J. Nehru Technical University Kakinada India

The paper identifies chaos, turbulence and fractal of quantum and macro gravity and studies their behavior, properties and applications based on the grand unified theory (GUT) and qualitative mathematics and modeling. Applications include devising electromagnetic engines, tornado aborter and terminator and technologies for electromagnetic treatment of genetic diseases such as cancer, systemic lupos erythematosus, diabetes and mental disorder without harm to normal cell and side effect. Typhoon in the Western Pacific which is turbulence is impossible to terminate and impractical to deflect but prediction can be improved because it follows the Northern Pacific Wind Cycle (Southern Pacific Wind Cycle in the Southern Hemisphere) and is affected by the temperature variation over the Philippine Deep and around Mayon Volcano. The electromagnetic engine uses the clean, inexhaustible, free dark matter, specifically, the energy of magnetic flux, in place of conventional fuel, e.g., fossil, nuclear and geothermal. The tornado aborter and terminator utilize the gravitational flux of the Earth, its vortex flux of superstrings as a cosmological vortex which is turbulence. The technologies for electromagnetic treatment of genetic diseases utilize electromagnetic waves based on resonance. All of them are GUT technologies because they are applications of GUT. Except for the magnetic train which is in operation the rest is still at the conceptual and research and development (R&D) phase but the theory is complete and the strategy for R&D are laid down in detail in the cited original papers.

关键词： Chaos Cosmological Vortex Dark Matter Electromagnetic Engine Electromagnetic Treatment of Genetic Diseases Fractal Gravitational Flux Magnetic Flux Prima Quantum and Macro Gravity Superstring Toroidal Flux Turbulence

Linji Master Zhongfeng Mingben of Yuan Dynasty and Illusory-Abiding Sect in Japan

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The Voice of Dharma

The Voice of Dharma 2022年第1期 36-54页

作者： JI Huachuan ZHANG Chun(译) Buddhist Research Center of institute of World Religions of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(CASS) Buddhist studies Department CASS 不详

Despite the hostility between China and Japan in Yuan Dynasty China,there were plenty of monastic exchanges between the two *** witnessed a peak era of Buddhist cultural exchanges between the two countries during Yuan *** the Chinese masters,Zhongfeng Mingben(中峰明本,Japanese:Chuho Myohon)of Linji(Rinzai)Chan School(临济宗)was said to be the most influential Chinese monk who supported the development of Buddhism in *** study surveys the history of Master Mingben’s connection with Japanese Chan monks,his Dharma-receiving disciples and the Illusory-Abiding(Huanzhu幻住)Sect founded by *** also discusses the state of Buddhist cultural exchanges between China and Japan during Yuan Dynasty and the impact of Chinese Chan on Buddhism in Japan.

关键词： Yuan Dynasty Linji Chan School Master Mingben Japan Illusory-Abiding Sect

Quick estimation of parameters for the land surface data assimilation system and its influence based on the extended Kalman filter and automatic differentiation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第11期66卷 2546-2562页

作者： Jiaxin TIAN Hui LU Kun YANG Jun QIN Long ZHAO Jianhong ZHOU Yaozhi JIANG Xiaogang MA Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System ModelingInstitute for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Tibetan Plateau Data Center Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environmental Changes and Land Surfaces ProcessesInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Geographical SciencesSouth-west UniversityChongqing 400715China Tsinghua University(Department of Earth System Science)-Xi’an institute of Surveying and Mapping Joint Research Center for Next-Generation Smart Mapping Beijing 100084China

Soil moisture plays a crucial role in drought monitoring,flood forecasting,and water resource *** assimilation methods can integrate the strengths of land surface models(LSM)and remote sensing data to generate highprecision and spatio-temporally continuous soil moisture ***,one of the challenges of the land data assimilation system(LDAS)is how to accurately estimate model and observation *** address this,we had previously proposed a dualcycle assimilation algorithm that can simultaneously estimate the model and observation errors,LSM parameters,and observation operator ***,this algorithm requires a large ensemble size to guarantee stable parameter estimates,resulting in low efficiency and limiting its large-scale *** address this limitation,the authors employed the following approaches:(1)using automatic differentiation to compute the Jacobian matrix of LSM instead of constructing a tangent linear model of LSM,and(2)replacing the ensemble Kalman filter framework with the extended Kalman filter(EKF)framework to improve the efficiency of parameter optimization for the dual-cycle *** EKF-based dual-cycle algorithm accelerated the parameter estimation efficiency near 60 times during a 90-day time period with a model integration time step of 1 *** evaluate the dual-cycle LDAS at the regional-scale,it was applied to assimilate the SMAP soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau,and soil moisture estimates were validated using in situ observations from four different climatic *** results showed that the EKF-based dual-cycle LDAS corrected biases in both the model and observations and produced more accurate estimates of soil moisture,land surface temperature,and evapotranspiration than did the open loop with default ***,the spatial distribution of soil parameters(sand content,clay content,and porosity)obtained from the LDAS was more reasonable than those of default *** EKF-based

关键词： Soil moisture Data assimilation Parameter optimization Bias correction Error estimation Automatic differentiation

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Nitrosoarenes as Nitrogen Source for Generation of Sulfonamides with the Insertion of Sulfur Dioxide under Metal-Free Conditions

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2020年第10期38卷 1098-1102页

作者： Xuefeng Wang Yanmei Lin Jin-Biao Liu Fu-Sheng He Yunyan Kuang Jie Wu Department of Chemistry Fudan University2005 Songhu RoadShanghai 200438China Schoo/of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering&institute for Advanced studies Taizhou University1139 Shifu AvenueTaizhouZhejiang 318000China School of Metollurgical and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhouJiangxi 341000China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences345 Lingling RoadShanghai 200032China

Summary of main observation and conclusion A metal-free reaction of nitrosoarenes,aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates,and sulfur dioxide under mild conditions is developed,giving rise to sulfonamides in moderate to good *** transformation proceeds eficiently at room temperature in the presence of cyclohexa-1,4-diene with a broad reaction *** functional group compatibility is observed,including cyano,halo,and ester.A plausi-ble mechanism involving a radical process with the insertion of sulfur dioxide is proposed,and cyclohexa-1,4-diene serves as the reductant during the transformation.

关键词： dioxide sulfur Sulfur