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Identification and characterization of human hematopoietic mesoderm

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 320-331页

作者： Yuqi Wen Jingjing Zhao Runqing Zhang Fan Liu Xiaoyuan Chen Dan Wu Mengge Wang Cuicui Liu Pei Su Panpan Meng Yiyue Zhang Xin Gao Lu Wang Hongtao Wang Jiaxi Zhou State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemInstitute of Hematology&Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300020China Tianjin institutes of Health Science Tianjin 301600China CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin 300020China Division of Cell Developmental and Integrative BiologySchool of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

The embryonic mesoderm comprises heterogeneous cell subpopulations with distinct lineage biases.It is unclear whether a bias for the human hematopoietic lineage emerges at this early developmental stage.In this study,we integrated single-cell transcriptomic analyses of human mesoderm cells from embryonic stem cells and embryos,enabling us to identify and define the molecular features of human hematopoietic mesoderm(HM)cells biased towards hematopoietic lineages.We discovered that BMP4 plays an essential role in HM specification and can serve as a marker for HM cells.Mechanistically,BMP4 acts as a downstream target of HDAC1,which modulates the expression of BMP4 by deacetylating its enhancer.Inhibition of HDAC significantly enhances HM specification and promotes subsequent hematopoietic cell differentiation.In conclusion,our study identifies human HM cells and describes new mechanisms for human hematopoietic development.

关键词： hematopoietic mesoderm human pluripotent stem cells human embryos BMP4 HDAC1

Deamidation enables pathogenic SMAD6 variants to activate the BMP signaling pathway

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Ling Li Lei Lu Ziqi Xiao Jingyi Lv Hefeng Huang Bo Wu Tongjin Zhao Chengtao Li Weimin Wang Hongyan Wang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Institute of Reproduction and Development and Children's Hospital Fudan University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology Fudan University Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Department of Pharmacy College of Life Sciences China Jiliang University

The BMP signaling pathway plays a crucial role in regulating early embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. SMAD6 encodes a negative regulator of BMP, and rare variants of SMAD6 are recurrently found in individuals with birth defects. However, we observed that a subset of rare pathogenic variants of SMAD6 consistently exhibited positive regulatory effects instead of the initial negative effects on the BMP signaling pathway. We sought to determine whether these SMAD6 variants have common pathogenic mechanisms. Here, we showed that pathogenic SMAD6 variants accompanying this functional reversal exhibit similar increases in deamidation. Mechanistically, increased deamidation of SMAD6 variants promotes the accumulation of the BMP receptor BMPR1A and the formation of new complexes, both of which lead to BMP signaling pathway activation. Specifically, two residues, N262 and N404, in SMAD6 were identified as the crucial sites of deamidation, which was catalyzed primarily by glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2(GFPT2). Additionally, treatment of cells harboring SMAD6 variants with a deamidase inhibitor restored the inhibitory effect of SMAD6 on the BMP signaling pathway. Conversely,when wild-type SMAD6 was manually simulated to mimic the deamidated state, the reversed function of activating BMP signaling was reproduced. Taken together, these findings show that deamidation of SMAD6 plays a crucial role in the functional reversal of BMP signaling activity, which can be induced by a subset of various SMAD6 variants. Our study reveals a common pathogenic mechanism shared by these variants and provides a potential strategy for preventing birth defects through deamidation regulation, which might prevent the off-target effects of gene editing.

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数据驱动方法揭示单原子掺杂金红石氧化物在甲烷活化过程中的活性位点

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Science China Materials 2024年第4期67卷 1231-1242页

作者：卫奋飞葛冰青董佩佩万强胡茜茜林森 College of Chemistry Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China institute(College)of integrative Medicine Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Kuang Yaming Honors School Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

金属氧化物通常用于甲烷的活化和转化,但总是受到过度氧化的影响.引入单原子是解决这一难题的一种有吸引力的方法,但掺杂单原子的实际作用仍存在争议.因此,开发性能描述符来预测掺杂表面上不同位点之间的反应性至关重要.在这项工作中,... 详细信息

金属氧化物通常用于甲烷的活化和转化,但总是受到过度氧化的影响.引入单原子是解决这一难题的一种有吸引力的方法,但掺杂单原子的实际作用仍存在争议.因此,开发性能描述符来预测掺杂表面上不同位点之间的反应性至关重要.在这项工作中,采用单原子(D_(guest),D=Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Nb,Mo,Ru,Rh,Ta,Re,Os,Ir,Pt,Si,Ge和Sn)掺杂的金红石型金属氧化物(MO_(2),M=Ru,Rh,Ir,Pt,Mo)作为模型催化剂,利用密度泛函理论计算和数据驱动方法研究了甲烷在不同表面位点上的活化情况,并阐明了此类掺杂表面的实际活性位点.利用机器学习方法,从特征组合描述符的大空间中获得了多维描述符,从而可以统一预测D_(guest)和M_(host)上活化CH_(4)的能垒,而不受过渡态计算的影响.最后,MO_(2)上客体位点对选择性氧化的调节作用得到了证实.我们的工作证明了掺杂剂在催化过程中的复杂作用,所开发的描述符有助于确定活化能,为基于金红石氧化物的催化剂提供潜在的选择性氧化位点.

关键词：金属氧化物单原子选择性氧化过度氧化特征组合描述符数据驱动方法催化过程

Developing fertility control for rodents: a framework for researchers and practitioners

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integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 87-107页

作者： Giovanna MASSEI Jens JACOB Lyn A.HINDS Botstiber institute for Wildlife Fertility Control Department of Environment and GeographyUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkUK Rodent Research Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen DiagnosticsJulius Kühn–Institute(JKI)Federal Research Institute for Cultivated PlantsMünsterGermany CSIRO Health and Biosecurity CanberraACTAustralia

Fertility control is often heralded as a humane and effective technique for management of overabundant wildlife,including rodents.The intention is to reduce the use of lethal and inhumane methods,increase farm productivity and food security as well as reduce disease transmission,particularly of zoonoses.We developed a framework to guide researchers and stakeholders planning to assess the effectiveness of a potential contraceptive agent for a particular species.Our guidelines describe the overarching research questions which must be sequentially addressed to ensure adequate data are collected so that a contraceptive can be registered for use in broad-scale rodent management.The framework indicates that studies should be undertaken iteratively and,at times,in parallel,with initial research being conducted on(1)laboratory-based captive assessments of contraceptive effects in individuals;(2)simulation of contraceptive delivery using bait markers and/or surgical sterilization of different proportions of afield-based or enclosure population to determine how population dynamics are affected;(3)development of mathematical models which predict the outcomes of different fertility control scenarios;and(4)implementation of large-scale,replicated trials to validate contraceptive efficacy under various management-scalefield situations.In some circumstances,fertility control may be most effective when integrated with other methods(e.***.some culling).Assessment of non-target effects,direct and indirect,and the environmental fate of the contraceptive must also be determined.Developing fertility control for a species is a resource-intensive commitment but will likely be less costly than the ongoing environmental and economic impacts by rodents and rodenticides in many contexts.

关键词： captive studies field applications modeling oral contraceptive delivery population management rodents

Central cell: the key to determine persistent pollen tube attraction or termination

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Jiang-Guo Meng Shi-Zhen Li Hong-Ju Li Center for Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation Western China (Chongqing) Science City School of Life SciencesSouthwest University Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Molecular Agrobiology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Most eukaryotic species depend on sexual reproduction, characterized by fertilization, to produce a new individual. This process requires the transfer of sperm(male gamete), containing half of the genetic information, from the male to the egg cell (female gamete), which holds half of the maternal genome, within the female reproductive organs. Various strategies have been evolved to ensure fertilization success in plants. Zoidogamy,observed in early land plants such as certain algae, mosses, liverworts, and ferns involves mobile sperm cells swimming through water to reach the egg cell in the archegonia.

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Physiological strategies in wild rodents:immune defenses of commensal rats

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integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 350-370页

作者： Ivana MIRKOV Dina TUCOVIC Jelena KULAS Anastasija MALESEVIC Dragan KATARANOVSKI Milena KATARANOVSKI Aleksandra POPOV ALEKSANDROV Immunotoxicology Group Department of EcologyInstitute for Biological Research“Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia

The importance of issues associated with urban/commensal rats and mice(property damage,management costs,and health risks)press upon research on these animals.While the demography of commensal rodents is mostly studied,the need for understanding factors influencing their natural morbidity/mortality is also stressed.In this respect,more attention is expected to be paid to immunity,the physiological mechanism of defense against host survival threats(pathogens,parasites,diseases).Commensal rats and mice carry numerous pathogens that evoke diverse immune responses.The state of immunity in commensal house mice is studied in great detail,owing to the use of laboratory strains in biomedical research.Because commensal rats are,compared to mice,carriers of more zoonotic agents,rats’immunity is studied mainly in that context.Some of these zoonotic agents cause chronic,asymptomatic infections,which justified studies of immunological mechanisms of pathogen tolerance versus clearance regulation in rats.Occurrence of some infections in specific tissues/organs pressed upon analysis of local/regional immune responses and/or immunopathology.A survey of immunological activity/responses in commensal rats is given in this review,with mention of existing data in commensal mice.It should throw some light on the factors relevant to their morbidity and lifespan,supplementing the knowledge of commensal rodent ecology.

关键词： commensal rats and mice immunopathology infection inflammation tolerance

Unearthing old rice germplasm, illuminating a new way to improvement

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Journal of integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1041-1043页

作者： Xiaoming Zheng Ramaiah Venuprasad Ajay Kohli International Rice Research institute

We are on the cusp of a new era, with the global pop-ulation surpassing 8 billion, and over half relying on riceas their staple food (Sasaki and Burr, 2000).Despite thisgrowing demand, rice yield per unit has seemingly plateauedfor many years (Song et al., 2022).This stagnation raisesserious concerns about future global food security, especiallyconsidering the shrinking arable land in many countries.

关键词： MUTANT

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DPABINet:脑网络和图论分析工具箱

Science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1628-1631页

作者：严超赣王鑫迪鲁彬邓昭宇高青林 CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of PsychologyBeijing 100101China Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China International Big-Data Center for Depression Research Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China McGill Centre for integrative Neuroscience Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontréal H3A 2B4Canada

The human brain, a marvel of intricate connections, functions as a complex network comprising structurally and functionally integrated regions. This network orchestrates a multitude of complex patterns through high-le... 详细信息

关键词：图论分析脑网络工具箱

Global patterns and ecological drivers of taxonomic and phylogenetic endemism in angiosperm genera

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 149-157页

作者： Hong Qian Brent D.Mishler Jian Zhang Shenhua Qian Research and Collections Center Illinois State Museum1011 East Ash StreetSpringfieldIL 62703USA University and Jepson Herbaria Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720-2465USA Center for Global Change and Complex Ecosystems Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment Ministry of EducationChongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

Endemism of lineages lies at the core of understanding variation in community composition among geographic regions because it reflects how speciation,extinction,and dispersal have influenced current distributions.Here,we investigated geographic patterns and ecological drivers of taxonomic and phylogenetic endemism of angiosperm genera across the world.We identify centers of paleo-endemism and neo-endemism of angiosperm genera,and show that they are mostly located in the Southern Hemisphere in tropical and subtropical regions,particularly in Asia and Australia.Different categories of phylogenetic endemism centers can be differentiated using current climate conditions.Current climate,historical climate change,and geographic variables together explained~80%of global variation in taxonomic and phylogenetic endemism,while 42-46%,1%,and 15%were independently explained by these three types of variables,respectively.Thus our findings show that past climate change,current climate,and geography act together in shaping endemism,which are consistent with the findings of previous studies that higher temperature and topographic heterogeneity promote endemism.Our study showed that many centers of phylogenetic endemism of angiosperms,including regions in Amazonia,Venezuela,and west-central tropical Africa that have not previously been identified as biodiversity hotspots,are missed by taxon-based measures of endemism,indicating the importance of including evolutionary history in biodiversity assessment.

关键词： Angiosperm Current climate Endemism Historical climate change Topographic heterogeneity