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Numerical Simulation on Thermal Response of Laser-Irradiated Biological Tissues Embedded with Liquid Metal Nanoparticles

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第4期31卷 1220-1235页

作者： WANG Dawei RAO Wei CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Photothermal therapy is emerging as a very promising way for minimally invasive cancer *** enhance thermal energy deposition of laser in target malignant tissues,liquid metal nanoparticles(LMNPs)have been recently identified as completely unprecedented photothermal sensitizers due to their unique physicochemical properties and superior photothermal conversion rate under near-infrared(NIR)laser ***,there is currently a strong lack of understanding of the laser energy distribution and the transient temperature field within the biological tissues,which would seriously hinder the development of LMNPs assisted photothermal ***,this paper focused on the distinctive photothermal effect of LMNPs embedded in biological tissues under NIR laser *** mathematical model coupling the Monte-Carlo photon transport model with Penne's bioheat transfer model has been *** studies have shown that LMNPs play an important role in enhancing the absorption of NIR laser,which contributes to local temperature rise and improves the temperature *** with the control case without LMNPs,the maximum temperature increases by nearly 1.0 time,the local temperature rise reaches 30℃ in 1.0 *** the diameter and concentration of LMNPs are 40 nm and 1012/mm3,the resulting temperature variation and distribution is best for the effective killing of tumors without damaging normal *** addition,the simulation results are meaningful for guiding the selection of laser irradiation time in conjunction with the cooling time,ensuring the controllable accuracy of *** the best of our knowledge,the present study is one of the first attempts to quantify the influence of transformable LMNPs on the temperature distributions inside the biological tissues,showing important academic significance for guiding LMNPs assisted photothermal treatment.

关键词： Monte-Carlo simulation Penne's bioheat transfer model transformable liquid metal nanoparticles NIR laser photothermal therapy

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通过侧链工程提高A-D-A'-D-A型非稠环电子受体的光伏性能

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Science China Materials 2024年第5期67卷 1594-1601页

作者：周霞魏文魁庞淑婷袁熙越李俊宇黄飞曹镛段春晖 School of New Energy Ningbo University of TechnologyNingbo315336China Molecular Materials and Nanosystems&institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhovenNetherlands institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

非稠环电子受体(NFREA)具有合成简单和结构修饰灵活的特点,是制备高性能低成本有机太阳电池(OSCs)的理想材料.本工作以不同侧链修饰的二氟苯并三氮唑(ffBTz)作为弱缺电子核(A’),分别设计合成了三种A-D-A’-D-A型NFREA,即ffBTz-BO、ffBT... 详细信息

非稠环电子受体(NFREA)具有合成简单和结构修饰灵活的特点,是制备高性能低成本有机太阳电池(OSCs)的理想材料.本工作以不同侧链修饰的二氟苯并三氮唑(ffBTz)作为弱缺电子核(A’),分别设计合成了三种A-D-A’-D-A型NFREA,即ffBTz-BO、ffBTz-EH和ffBTz-C4.其中,ffBTz-EH,由于其合适的侧链长度,在分子结晶度和分子堆积优势取向之间取得了平衡,从而获得了更高的电荷迁移率.并且得益于高效的电荷传输和最合适的相分离形貌,基于ffBTz-EH的OSC获得12.96%的最高能量转换效率,这也是A-D-A’-D-A型NFREA获得的最高效率之一.本研究表明,A’核心上的烷基侧链在调节分子结晶度、活性层形貌和进一步调控器件性能方面起着至关重要的作用,这为未来设计高效低成本的A-D-A’-D-A型非稠环电子受体提供了思路.

关键词： organic solar cells non-fused ring electron acceptors side chain engineering molecular orientation power conversion efficiency

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Public's Trade-off between a New Risk-based Airport Screening and Asserted Terror Risk Impact:A Stated Choice Survey from Norway

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Journal of transportation Technologies 2011年第2期1卷 11-20页

作者： Knut Veisten Stefan Flügel Torkel Bjornskau institute of transport Economics(ToI) OsloNorway

This paper presents a survey-based economic evaluation of security measures protecting against the risk of aviation terrorism. A sample of Norwegians were asked to state their choices between different air travel al-ternatives, i.e. travel time, trip costs, fatalities in terrorist acts on air transport and type of passenger screen-ing. Screening was specified as either the current uniform screening or a new risk-based screening in which passengers are divided into three groups: high-risk, medium-risk and low-risk. Respondents were informed that risk-based screening implied they would have to identify themselves using a biometric identity card and that those not qualifying as low-risk passengers would be checked with body scanners. Our results indicate that the sampled passengers were very concerned about privacy. Maintaining existing uniform screening was preferred to a new risk-based screening system, even though risk-based screening was presented as poten-tially preventing future terrorist fatalities.

关键词： Biometric Identity Card Body Scanning Privacy Value of Statistical Life

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Side ionic-gated perovskite/graphene heterojunction synaptic transistor with bipolar photoresponse for neuromorphic computing

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1167-1174页

作者： XIAOYING HE MINGHAO XU SHILIN LIU KUN WANG BOWEN CAO LAN RAO XIANGJUN XIN School of Electronic Engineering and Beijing Key Laboratory of Space-Ground Interconnection and Convergence Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science Beijing Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Semiconductor Materials and DevicesInstitute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China

By combining the good charge transport property of graphene and the excellent photo-carrier generation char-acteristic of perovskite nanocrystal,we propose and demonstrate an ionic-gated synaptic transistor based on CsPbBr_(3)∕graphene heterojunction for bipolar *** the potential barrier of the CsPbBr_(3)∕graphene heterojunction by the ionic-gate of the electrical double-layer effect can promote the sepa-ration of photogenerated carriers and effectively retard their *** the ionic-gate-tunable Fermi level of graphene and the pinning effect of perovskite nanocrystal,the bipolar photocurrent responses correspond-ing to the excitatory and inhibitory short-term and long-term plasticity are realized by adjusting the negative gate bias.A series of synaptic functions including logic operation,Morse coding,the optical memory and electrical erasure effect,and light-assisted re-learning have also been demonstrated in an optoelectronic collaborative ***,the excellent optical synaptic behaviors also contribute to the handwritten font recognition accuracy of-95%in artificial neural network *** results pave the way for the fabrication of bipolar photoelectric synaptic transistors and bolster new directions in the development of future integrated human ret-inotopic vision neuromorphic systems.

关键词： perovskite ionic Morse

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Electronic properties of 2D materials and their junctions

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第1期6卷 1-23页

作者： Taposhree Dutta Neha Yadav Yongling Wu Gary J.Cheng Xiu Liang Seeram Ramakrishna Aoussaj Sbai Rajeev Gupta Aniruddha Mondal Zheng Hongyu Ashish Yadav Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpurWest Bengal711103India Center for Advanced Laser Manufacturing(CALM) Shandong University of TechnologyZibo255000PR China School of Industrial Engineering Purdue University315 N.Grant St.West LafayetteIN47907United States Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University1205 W State St.West LafayetteIN47907United States Advanced Materials institute Qilu University of TechnologyShandong Academy of SciencesJinan250014PR China Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative National University of Singapore10 Kent Ridge Crescent119260Singapore Faculty of Applied Phsyics and Mathematics Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/1280233GdanskPoland Department of Physics School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradun248007UttarakhandIndia Department of Physics National Institute of Technology DurgapurDurgapur713209West BengalIndia

With an extensive range of distinctive features at nano meter-scale thicknesses,two-dimensional(2D)materials drawn the attention of the scientific *** tremendous advancements in exploratory research on 2D materials,knowledge of 2D electrical transport and carrier dynamics still in its ***,here we highlighted the electrical characteristics of 2D materials with electronic band structure,electronic transport,dielectric constant,carriers *** atomic thinness of 2D materials makes substantially scaled field-effect transistors(FETs)with reduced short-channel effects conceivable,even though strong carrier mobility required for high performance,low-voltage device *** also discussed here about factors affecting 2D materials which easily enhanced the activity of those materials for various ***,Those 2D materials used in state-of-the-art electrical and optoelectronic devices because of the extensive nature of their electronic band structure.2D materials offer unprecedented freedom for the design of novel p-n junction device topologies in contrast to conventional bulk *** also,describe the numerous 2D p-n junctions,such as homo junction and hetero junction including mixed dimensional ***,we talked about the problems and potential for the future.

关键词： 2D materials Electrical properties p-n junctions Mixed hereto junctions Homo junctions Electrical transport

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Developing Innovative Concepts for Measuring and Assessing Transit System Maturity

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Journal of transportation Technologies 2017年第2期7卷 181-189页

作者： Khaled Abbas Egypt National institute of transport Cairo Egypt

In this research three new innovative concepts are introduced and developed: the first defined as Transit System Maturity Components (TSMC), the second referred to as Transit System Maturity Scale (TSMS) and the third labeled as Transit System Maturity Index (TSMI). The TSMC is meant to conceptualise the main strategic generic components characterising the maturity of transit systems. The TSMS is an S shaped scaling system for measuring maturity of transit system components. The TSMI presents an innovative index meant to assess the overall level of maturity of a city transit system. Such framework is envisaged to be used to determine and compare the overall maturity levels of transit systems in cities of the world as well as to act as a basis to identify strengths & gaps that need to be addressed/completed. Furthermore, it can also act as an ingredient in shaping and developing future road maps for transit system in cities across the world. The research concludes by demonstrating the applicability of TSMC, TSMS, and TSMI in conducting an initial assessment of the Transit System Maturity for the fast growing city of Dubai.

关键词： Transit Maturity Components Scale Index

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Overview on Chinese Historic Conservation Areas and Countermeasures:Technical Analysis Based on the Application Materials of the First Chinese Historic Conservation Areas

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China City Planning Review 2018年第3期27卷 51-61页

作者： Hu Min Zheng Wenliang Tao Shiqi Xu Long Wang Jun Li Min(译) School of Architecture Tsinghua University Research institute of Historic cities China Academy of Urban Planning and DesignBeijingP.R.China Division of Historic cities Department of Urban and Rural PlanningMinistry of Housing and Urban-Rural DevelopmentBeijingP.R.China 不详

This paper establishes two sample databases: a full sample database and a small sample database through data organization and selection on the basis of the application materials of the first Chinese historic conservation areas. Adopting both quantitative and qualitative analytical research methodologies, the paper obtains the status quo of Chinese historic conservation areas and the recently designated historic conservation areas. Based on the data analysis and the overall survey of Chinese historic cities in 2011, it proposes countermeasures for improving the protection of historic conservation areas in the future.

关键词： historic conservation area preservation protection status quo countermeasures

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Calcium-dependent protein kinases CPK21 and CPK23 phosphorylate and activate the iron-regulated transporter IRT1 to regulate iron deficiency in Arabidopsis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 2646-2662页

作者： Zhangqing Wang Yanting Zhang Yisong Liu Dali Fu Zhang You Panpan Huang Huiling Gao Zhenqian Zhang Cun Wang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China institute of future Agriculture Northwest Agriculture&Forestry UniversityYangling 712100China

Iron(Fe)is an essential micronutrient for all *** availability in the soil is usually much lower than that required for plant growth,and Fe deficiencies seriously restrict crop growth and ***(Ca2+)is a second messenger in all eukaryotes;however,it remains largely unknown how Ca2+regulates Fe *** this study,mutations in CPK21 and CPK23,which are two highly homologous calcium-dependent protein kinases,conferredimpaired growth and rootdevelopment under Fe-deficient conditions,whereas constitutively active CPK21 and CPK23 enhanced plant tolerance to Fe-deficient ***,we found that CPK21 and CPK23 interacted with and phosphorylated the Fe transporter IRONREGULATED transportER1(IRT1)at the Ser149 *** analyses and complementation of Fe transport in yeast and plants indicated that IRT1 Ser149 is critical for IRT1 transport *** together,these findings suggest that the CPK21/23-IRT1 signaling pathway is critical for Fe homeostasis in plants and provides targets for improving Fe-deficient environments and breeding crops resistant to Fe-deficient conditions.

关键词： Arabidopsis calcium-dependent protein kinases IRT1 iron

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Temperature difference-enhanced salinity gradient energy conversion enabled by thermostable hydrogel membrane with anti-swelling property

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Nano Research 2023年第8期16卷 11288-11295页

作者： Zhehua Zhang Teng Zhou Xiang-Yu Kong Yadong Wu Weiwen Xin Yanglansen Cui Linsen Yang Tingyang Li Xin Li Qingchen Wang Weipeng Chen Lei Jiang Liping Wen Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049PChina College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Binzhou institute of Technology Binzhou 256600China

Coupling low-grade heat(LGH)with salinity gradient is an effective approach to increase the efficiency of the nanofluidic-membrane-based power ***,it is a challenge to fabricate membranes with high charge density that ensures ion permselectivity,while maintaining chemical and mechanical stability in this composite ***,we develop a bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phosphate(BMAP)hydrogel membrane with good thermal stability and anti-swelling property through self-crosslinking of the selected *** taking advantage of negative space charge and three-dimensional(3D)interconnected nanochannels,salinity gradient energy conversion efficiency is substantially enhanced by temperature *** and experimental results verify that LGH can largely weaken the concentration polarization,promoting transmembrane ion *** a result,such a hydrogel membrane delivers high-performance energy conversion with a power density of 11.53 W·m^(−2)under a negative temperature difference(NTD),showing a 193%increase compared with that without NTD.

关键词： ion transport temperature difference-enhanced salinity gradient energy self-crosslinking hydrogel membranes space charge

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Control of fine particulate nitrate during severe winter haze in“2+26”cities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 261-269页

作者： Chuang Qin Xiao Fu Tao Wang Jian Gao Jiaqi Wang institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 99907China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 10084China

The“2+26”cities,suffering the most severe winter haze pollution,have been the key region for air quality improvement in *** prominent nitrate pollution is one of the most challenging environmental issues in this region,necessitating development of an effective control ***,we use observations,and state-of-the-art model simulations with scenario analysis and process analysis to quantify the effectiveness of the future SO_(2)-NO_(X)-VOC-NH_(3) emission control on nitrate pollution mitigation in“2+26”*** on a serious winter haze episode,we find that limited NO_(X)emission reduction alone in the short-term period is a less effective choice than VOC or NH_3emission reduction alone to decrease nitrate concentrations,due to the accelerated NO_(X)-HNO_(3)conversion by atmospheric oxidants and the enhanced HNO_(3)to NO_(3)^(-)partition by ammonia,although deep NO_(X)emission reduction is essential in the long-term *** synergistic NH_(3) and VOC emission control is strongly recommended,which can counteract the adverse effects of nonlinear photochemistry and aerosol chemical feedback to decrease nitrate *** extra benefits will be reduced if the synergistic NH_(3) and VOC reduction is delayed,and thus reducing emission of multiple precursors is urgently required for the effective control of increasingly severe winter nitrate pollution in“2+26”cities.

关键词： Nitrate Winter haze pollution Emission reduction “2+26”cities

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