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Hexokinase 1 and 2 mediates glucose utilization to regulate the synthesis of kappa casein via ribosome protein subunit 6 kinase 1 in bovine mammary epithelial cells

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 338-349页

作者： Tianyu Yang Jia Guo Han Song Osmond Datsomor Yuhang Chen Maocheng Jiang Kang Zhan Guoqi Zhao institute of Animal Culture Collection and application College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University

Glucose plays a vital part in milk protein synthesis through the mTOR signaling pathway in bovine mammary epithelial cells(BMEC). The objectives of this study were to determine how glucose affects hexokinase(HK) activity in BMEC and investigate the regulatory effect of HK in kappa casein(CSN3)synthesis via the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1) signaling pathway in BMEC. For this, HK1 and HK2 were knocked out in BMEC using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The gene and protein expression, glucose uptake, and cell proliferation were measured. We found that glucose uptake, cell proliferation, CSN3 gene expression levels, and expression of HK1 and HK2 increased with increasing glucose concentrations. Notably, glucose uptake was significantly reduced in HK2 knockout(HK2KO)BMEC treated with 17.5 mM glucose. Moreover, under the same glucose treatment conditions, the proliferative ability and abundance of CSN3 were significantly diminished in both HK1 knockout(HK1KO)and HK2KO BMEC compared with that in wild-type BEMC. We further observed that the phosphorylation levels of ribosome protein subunit 6 kinase 1(S6K1) were reduced in HK1KO and HK2KO BMEC following treatment with 17.5 mM glucose. As expected, the levels of glucose-6-phosphate and the m RNA expression levels of glycolysis-related genes were decreased in both HK1KO and HK2KO BMEC following glucose treatment. These results indicated that the knockout of HK1 and HK2 inhibited cell proliferation and CSN3 expression in BMEC under glucose treatment, which may be associated with the inactivation of the S6K1 and inhibition of glycolysis.

关键词： Glucose Hexokinase Milk protein Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling pathway Bovine mammary epithelial cell Kappa casein

Recent geomagnetic storms observed by Macao Science Satellite-1

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第4期8卷 565-569页

作者： Qing Yan HongBo Yao Macao institute of Space technology and application Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

Geomagnetic storms are rapid disturbances of the Earth’s *** are related to many geophysical phenomena and have large influences on human *** and studying geomagnetic storms is thus of great significance to both scientific research and geomagnetic hazards *** Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1)project includes two high-precision Chinese geomagnetic satellites successfully launched on May 21,*** main purpose of MSS-1 is to accurately measure the Earth’s magnetic ***,we analyze early MSS-1 geomagnetic field measurements and report observations of two recent geomagnetic storms that occurred on March 24,2024 and May 11,*** also calculate the related geoelectric fields as an initial step towards a quantitative assessment of geomagnetic hazards.

关键词： Macao Science Satellite-1 geomagnetic storms satellite magnetics electromagnetic induction geoelectric fields

Monomeric and self-assembled crystal phases of TNBT

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 5442-5448页

作者： Yun-Hui Wu Hua-Bei You Wei-Kai Cui Zhi-Qian Cao Xiao Dong Zi-Hui Meng Ming Huang School of Chemistry and chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology institute of chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics

（3,3′,5,5′-Tetranitro-4,4′-bi-1,2,4-Triazole） TNBT was designed and predicted more than three decades ago as a high energy *** with many other designed molecules,TNBT has not been successfully synthesized and has not been computationally studied in *** this work,theoretical calculations at density functional theory （DFT）level of theory were carried out for both the gas phase molecule and its possible bulk crystal *** （DFT） computations show that TNBT is comparable to CL-20 with high bulk density,

关键词： Density functional theory

Epidermal visualized health monitoring system based on stretchable and washable TPU hybrid conductive microtextiles

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3185-3193页

作者： Jing-Bo Yuan Zhi-Hong Feng Dong-Chan Li Yang Luo Yun-Lei Zhou School of chemical Engineering Hebei University of Technology Engineering Research Center of Chemical Technology for Efficient Utilization of Seawater ResourcesMinistry of EducationTianjin 300401China National Key Laboratory of application Specific Integrated Circuit Shijiazhuang050000China Department of Materials ETH Zürich8093 ZurichSwitzerland Hangzhou institute of technology Xidian UniversityHangzhou 311231China

Electronic textiles,an emerging class of electronic technology,offer exciting opportunities for seamless integration with the human *** applications have been developed based on electronic ***,researches on integrating multiple electronic textilebased devices are still *** this study,we present a system integrated with an electrocardiogram monitoring sensor and an electroluminescence device based on stretchable and washable conductive micro *** signal is acquired by an electrocardiograph amplifier and displayed by a dual-color electroluminescence device based on the processed *** integrated electronic device has excellent moisture permeability and comfort for long-term *** system reported in this study opens a new avenue for the application of electronic textiles in health monitoring,robotic prosthetics,and competitive sports.

关键词： Conductive microtextile Textile composite Electronic textile Electroluminescent displays

Molecular insights into oil detachment from hydrophobic quartz surfaces in clay-hosted nanopores during steam-surfactant co-injection

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2457-2468页

作者： Ben-Jie-Ming Liu Xuan-Tong Lei Mohammadali Ahmadi Zhangxin Chen Department of chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of Calgary Eastern institute of technology

Thermal recovery techniques for producing oil sands have substantial environmental impacts. Surfactants can efficiently improve thermal bitumen recovery and reduce the required amount of steam. Such a technique requires solid knowledge about the interaction mechanism between surfactants, bitumen,water, and rock at the nanoscale level. In particular, oil sands ores have extremely complex mineralogy as they contain many clay minerals(montmorillonite, illite, kaolinite). In this study, molecular dynamics simulation is carried out to elucidate the unclear mechanisms of clay minerals contributing to the bitumen recovery under a steam-anionic surfactant co-injection process. We found that the clay content significantly influenced an oil detachment process from hydrophobic quartz surfaces. Results reveal that the presence of montmorillonite, illite, and the siloxane surface of kaolinite in nanopores can enhance the oil detachment process from the hydrophobic surfaces because surfactant molecules have a stronger tendency to interact with bitumen and quartz. Conversely, the gibbsite surfaces of kaolinite curb the oil detachment process. Through interaction energy analysis, the siloxane surfaces of kaolinite result in the most straightforward oil detachment process. In addition, we found that the clay type presented in nanopores affected the wettability of the quartz surfaces. The quartz surfaces associated with the gibbsite surfaces of kaolinite show the strongest hydrophilicity. By comparing previous experimental findings with the results of molecular dynamics(MD) simulations, we observed consistent wetting characteristics. This alignment serves to validate the reliability of the simulation outcomes. The outcome of this paper makes up for the lack of knowledge of a surfactant-assisted bitumen recovery process and provides insights for further in-situ bitumen production engineering designs.

关键词： Clay minerals Bitumen Contact angle Interaction energy Surfactant Molecular dynamics

Heterogeneous crystallization of Chlorzoxazone for modulating the physicochemical properties of crystals Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 249-259页

作者： Dhayananth Natarajan Kalaichelvi Ponnusamy Radhakrishnan Thota Karunakaran Department of chemical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalli620015TamilnaduIndia

The polymer on modulating the crystal's habit is an evolving research in pharmaceutical *** study demonstrates the crystal habit modification of chlorzoxazone(CHZ)by heterogeneous crystallization(HC)in the binary solvent acetonitrile-ethanol(A-E(1:1))in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidine(PVP)at concentrations of 0.50,0.75,and 1.00 wt%.The A-E(1:1)and PVP in HC experiments influenced to change the shape of crystals from needle to plate shape and reduced the crystal size producing a lower aspect ratio(in the range of 1.5-2.3).In the presence of PVP,the CHZ size distribution is 65-78μm which tends to enhance the powder flow-ability of CHZ crystals and as the PVP concentration increases,the nucleation rate *** solubility of size-reduced CHZ crystals at different pH is found to be improved by 1.2-1.4 ***,HC is deemed effective in modifying the physicochemical attributes of CHZ.

关键词： Chlorzoxazone Polyvinylpyrrolidine Heterogeneous crystallization Crystal habit modification Aspect ratio

Compositional evolution for mixed aerosols containing gluconic acid and typical nitrate and the effect of multiply factors on hygroscopicity

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 206-216页

作者： Yue Zhu Shufeng Pang Yunhong Zhang School of Chemistry and chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The aging process of atmospheric aerosols usually leads to a mixture of inorganic salts and organic compounds of anthropogenic *** organic compounds,polyhydroxy organic acids are important components,however,the study on composition and hygroscopic properties of the mixture containing inorganics and polyhydroxy organic acids is *** this study,gluconic acid,the proxy of polyhydroxy organic acids,is mixed with the representative nitrate(Mg(NO_(3))_(2),Ca(NO_(3))_(2))to form ***-FTIR and optical microscopy are employed to study the component changes and hygroscopicity as a function of relative *** relative humidity fluctuates,the FTIR-ATR spectra display that the internal mixed gluconic acid(CH_(2)(CH)_(4)(OH)_(5)COOH)and nitrate can react to release acidic gases,forming relevant gluconate and further affecting the *** specific presentation is particles cannot be recovered to their original size after the dehydration-hydration process and there will be some disparities in GF for mixed *** the gluconic acid-Ca(NO_(3))_(2)/Mg(NO_(3))_(2)mixtures with molar ratios of 1:1,higher degree of reaction resulting in the production of large amounts of gluconate should be responsible to the lower hygroscopicity compared to ZSR *** 1:2 gluconic acid-nitrate mixed systems(with higher nitrate content),the hygroscopicity of mixtures are higher than the ZSR prediction.A possible reason could be‘salt-promoting effect’on the organic fractions of the surplus inorganic salt in the *** data can improve the chemical composition list evaluation,in turn hygroscopic properties and phase state of atmospheric aerosol,and then the climate effect.

关键词： Hygroscopicity Gluconic acid Reaction ZSR simulation Size growth factors

Changes in the Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation under Global Warming in CMIP6 Models

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第10期41卷 1984-1998页

作者： Zhefan GAO Chaoxia YUAN Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Institute for Climate and Application Research (ICAR) Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology application Laboratory Japan Agency of Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Changes in the activities of the Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation（BSISO） at the end of 21st century under the SSP5-8.5 scenario are assessed by adopting 17 CMIP6 models and the weak-temperature-gradient assumption. Results show that the intraseasonal variations become more structured. The BSISO-related precipitation anomaly shows a larger zonal scale and propagates further northward. However, there is no broad agreement among models on the changes in the eastward and northward propagation speeds and the frequency of individual phases. In the western North Pacific（WNP）, the BSISO precipitation variance is significantly increased, at 4.62% K-1, due to the significantly increased efficiency of vertical moisture transport per unit of BSISO apparent heating. The vertical velocity variance is significantly decreased, at -3.51% K-1, in the middle troposphere, due to the significantly increased mean-state static stability. Changes in the lower-level zonal wind variance are relatively complex, with a significant increase stretching from the northwestern to southeastern WNP, but the opposite in other regions. This is probably due to the combined impacts of the northeastward shift of the BSISO signals and the reduced BSISO vertical velocity variance under global warming. Changes in strong and normal BSISO events in the WNP are also compared. They show same-signed changes in precipitation and large-scale circulation anomalies but opposite changes in the vertical velocity anomalies. This is probably because the precipitation anomaly of strong（normal） events changes at a rate much larger（smaller） than that of the meanstate static stability, causing enhanced（reduced） vertical motion.

关键词： Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation CMIP6 global warming weak-temperature-gradient assumption

Time-dependent model for two-phase flow in ultra-high water-cut reservoirs: Time-varying permeability and relative permeability

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2536-2553页

作者： Shao-Chun Wang Na Zhang Zhi-Hao Tang Xue-Fei Zou Qian Sun Wei Liu College of Energy Resources Chengdu University of Technology College of Petroleum Engineering Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology

For the ultra-high water-cut reservoirs, after long-term water injection exploitation, the physical properties of the reservoir change and the heterogeneity of the reservoir becomes increasingly severe, which further aggravates the spatial difference of the flow field. In this study, the displacement experiments were employed to investigate the variations in core permeability, porosity, and relative permeability after a large amount of water injection. A relative permeability endpoint model was proposed by utilizing the alternating conditional expectation(ACE) transformation to describe the variation in relative permeability based on the experimental data. Based on the time dependent models for permeability and relative permeability, the traditional oil-water two-phase model was improved and discretized using the mimetic finite difference method(MFD). The two cases were launched to confirm the validation of the proposed model. The impact of time-varying physical features on reservoir production performance was studied in a real water flooding reservoir. The experimental results indicate that the overall relative permeability curve shifts to the right as water injection increases. This shift corresponds to a transition towards a more hydrophilic wettability and a decrease in residual oil saturation. The endpoint model demonstrates excellent accuracy and can be applied to time-varying simulations of reservoir physics. The impact of variations in permeability and relative permeability on the reservoir production performance yields two distinct outcomes. The time-varying permeability of the reservoir results in intensified water channeling and poor development effects. On the other hand, the time-varying relative permeability enhances the oil phase seepage capacity, facilitating oil displacement. The comprehensive time-varying behavior is the result of the combined influence of these two parameters, which closely resemble the actual conditions observed in oil field expl

关键词： Mimetic finite difference Water flooding reservoir Time-varying physical properties Numerical simulation