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Interaction between diet and genetics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1644-1650页

作者： Daniéla Oliveira Magro Ligia Yukie Sassaki Júlio Maria Fonseca Chebli Department of Surgery Faculty of Medical SciencesState University of Campinas(UNICAMP)Campinas 13083-970São PauloBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Botucatu 18618-687São PauloBrazil Department of Medicine University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de ForaUniversity of Juiz de Fora School of MedicineJuiz de Fora 36036-247Minas GeraisBrazil

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Marangoni et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023;29:5618-5629,about“Diet as an epigenetic factor in inflammatory bowel disease”.The authors emphasized the role of diet,especially the interaction with genetics,in promoting the inflam-matory process in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)patients,focusing on DNA methylation,histone modifications,and the influence of *** this editorial,we explore the interaction between genetics,gut microbiota,and diet,in an only ***,we provided dietary recommendations for patients with *** Western diet,characterized by a low fiber content and deficiency the micronutrients,impacts short-chain fatty acids production and may be related to the pathogenesis of *** the other hand,the consumption of the Mediter-ranean diet and dietary fibers are associated with reduced risk of IBD flares,particularly in Crohn’s disease(CD)*** to the dietary guidance from the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases(IOIBD),the regular consumption of fruits and vegetables while reducing the consumption of saturated,trans,dairy fat,additives,processed foods rich in maltodextrins,and artificial sweeteners containing sucralose or saccharine is recommended to CD *** patients with ulcerative colitis,the IOIBD recommends the increased intake of natural sources of omega-3 fatty acids and follows the same restrictive recommendations aimed at CD patients,with the possible inclusion of red *** conclusion,IBD is a complex and hetero-geneous disease,and future studies are needed to elucidate the influence of epigenetics on diet and microbiota in IBD patients.

关键词： Diet Genetics MicroRNAs Gastrointestinal microbiome Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn’s disease

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Materials design and preparation of ultrathin two-dimensional metal halide perovskites

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6231-6246页

作者： Xiaomin Zhang Sihan Zhao Junran Zhang Lin Wang School of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies)and institute of advanced Materials Key Laboratory of Flexible ElectronicsJiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced MaterialsSchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

Metal halide perovskites(MHPs)have emerged as highly promising candidates for the next generation of photonics and optoelectronic devices,owing to their prominent optical and excitonic properties,as well as the convenience of ***,ultrathin two-dimensional(2D)MHPs,which are generally prepared by exfoliation,solution growth,and chemical vapor deposition method,have attracted dramatically increasing attentions owing to their combined features of ultrathin 2D morphology and superior performance of *** the growing interest in ultrathin 2D MHPs,there is currently a lack of a comprehensive and systematic overview of the distinct advantages offered by each growth method for producing these *** review critically assesses the preliminary studies on the materials design and preparation of ultrathin ***,it explores heterostructures based on ultrathin MHPs and offers insights into the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for this enticing class of 2D materials.

关键词： ultrathin perovskites material preparation exfoliation solution growth chemical vapor deposition

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RNPS1 stabilizes NAT10 protein to facilitate translation in cancer via tRNA ac^(4)C modification

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 73-84页

作者： Xiaochen Wang Rongsong Ling Yurong Peng Weiqiong Qiu Demeng Chen Center For Translational Medicine the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina institute for advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina

Existing studies have underscored the pivotal role of N-acetyltransferase 10(NAT10) in various cancers. However, the outcomes of protein-protein interactions between NAT10 and its protein partners in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) remain unexplored. In this study, we identified a significant upregulation of RNA-binding protein with serine-rich domain 1(RNPS1) in HNSCC, where RNPS1 inhibits the ubiquitination degradation of NAT10 by E3 ubiquitin ligase, zinc finger SWIM domain-containing protein 6(ZSWIM6), through direct protein interaction, thereby promoting high NAT10 expression in HNSCC. This upregulated NAT10 stability mediates the enhancement of specific tRNA ac^(4)C modifications, subsequently boosting the translation process of genes involved in pathways such as IL-6 signaling, IL-8 signaling, and PTEN signaling that play roles in regulating HNSCC malignant progression, ultimately influencing the survival and prognosis of HNSCC patients. Additionally, we pioneered the development of TRMC-seq, leading to the discovery of novel t RNA-ac^(4)C modification sites, thereby providing a potent sequencing tool for tRNAac^(4)C research. Our findings expand the repertoire of tRNA ac^(4)C modifications and identify a role of tRNA ac^(4)C in the regulation of mRNA translation in HNSCC.

关键词： NAT1 thereby translation

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Antioxidant treatment for oligoasthenoteratozoospermia and varicocele:a DBPC trial to evaluate the impact of age and body mass index

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 239-244页

作者： Gian Maria Busetto Bernarde F Rodrigues Ashraf Virmani Andrea Checchia Antonella Ninivaggi Anna Ricapito Giovanni Barbieri Piero Fischetti Ugo G Falagario Pasquale Annese Nicola d’Altilia Vito Mancini Matteo Ferro Felice Crocetto Angelo Porreca Carlo Bettocchi Luigi Cormio Ashok Agarwal Giuseppe Carrieri university of Foggia Foggia 71122Italy Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation Policlinico of FoggiaFoggia 71122Italy Department of Urology Human Reproduction SectionFederal University of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05403-000Brazil Alfasigma Healthscience Utrecht 3528 BGThe Netherlands Urology Unit “G.Tatarella”HospitalCerignola 71042Italy Urology Unit European Institute of Oncology(IEO)IRCCSMilan 20142Italy university of Naples Federico II Naples80126Italy Department of Oncological Urology Veneto Institute of Oncology(IOV)IRCCSPadua 35039Italy Urology Unit “L.Bonomo”HospitalAndria 70031Italy Global Andrology Forum Moreland HillsOH 44022USA

Oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms responsible for male *** conditions such as varicocele,obesity,advanced age,and lifestyle can lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species,causing an oxidative imbalance in the *** are sensitive to reactive oxygen species and require energy to carry out their main function of fertilizingthe *** reactive oxygen species can affect sperm metabolism,leading to immobility,impaired acrosome reaction,and celldeath,thereby impairing reproductive *** double-blind randomized study evaluated the effect of supplementation withL-carnitine,acetyl-L-carnitine,vitamins,and other nutrients on semen quality in 104 infertile patients with or without varicocele,while also investigating the impact of factors such as obesity and advanced age on *** concentration significantlyincreased in the supplemented group compared to the placebo group(P=0.0186).Total sperm count also significantly increasedin the supplemented group(P=0.0117),as did sperm motility(P=0.0120).The treatment had a positive effect on patients upto 35 years of age in terms of sperm concentration(P=0.0352),while a body mass index(BMI)above 25 kg m^(−2) had a negativeeffect on sperm concentration(P=0.0110).Results were not showing a net benefit in stratifying patients in accordance withtheir BMI since sperm quality increase was not affected by this *** conclusion,antioxidant supplementation may bebeneficial for infertile patients and has a more positive effect on younger patients with a normal weight.

关键词： aging antioxidants body mass index oligoasthenoteratozoospermia varicocele

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Sperm function, mitochondrial activity and in vivo fertility are associated to their mitochondrial DNA content in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1550-1558页

作者： Marc Llavanera Yentel Mateo‑Otero Estel Vinolas‑Vergés Sergi Bonet Marc Yeste Unit of Cell Biology Department of BiologyFaculty of SciencesUniversity of GironaGirona ES‑17003Spain Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction(TechnoSperm) Institute of Food and Agricultural TechnologyUniversity of GironaGirona ES‑17003Spain Catalan Institution for Research and advanced studies(ICREA) Barcelona ES‑08010Spain

Background Despite their low abundance in sperm, mitochondria have diverse functions in this cell type, includ-ing energy production, signalling and calcium regulation. In humans, sperm mitochondrial DNA content(mtDNAc) has been reported to be negatively linked to sperm function and fertility. Yet, the association between mtDNAc and sperm function in livestock remains unexplored. For this reason, this study aimed to shed some light on the link between mtDNAc and sperm function and fertilising potential in pigs. A qPCR method for mtDNAc quantification was optimised for pig sperm, and the association of this parameter with sperm motility, kinematics, mitochondrial activity, and fertility was subsequently *** First, the q PCR method was found to be sensitive and efficient for mtDNAc quantification in pig sperm. By using this technique, mtDNAc was observed to be associated to sperm motility, mitochondrial activity and in vivo, but not in vitro, fertility outcomes. Specifically, sperm with low mtDNAc were seen to exhibit greater motility but decreased mitochondrial activity and intracellular reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, samples with lower mtD-NAc showed higher conception and farrowing rates, but similar in vitro fertilisation rates and embryo development, when compared to those with greater *** These findings enrich our comprehension of the association of mtDNAc with sperm biology, and lay the foundation for future research into employing this parameter as a molecular predictor for sperm function and fer-tility in livestock.

关键词： Fertility Mitochondria Motility mtDNA copy number qPCR Sperm

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Color coded metadevices toward programmed terahertz switching

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1383-1392页

作者： Weibao He Xiang’ai Cheng Siyang Hu Ziheng Ren Zhongyi Yu Shun Wan Yuze Hu Tian Jiang College of advanced Interdisciplinary studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina. Nanhu Laser Laboratory National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Energy Laser Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina. institute for Quantum Science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina

Terahertz modulators play a critical role in high-speed wireless communication,non-destructive imaging,and so on,which have attracted a large amount of research ***,all-optical terahertz modulation,an ultrafast dynamical control approach,remains to be limited in terms of encoding and *** we experimentally demonstrated an optical-programmed terahertz switching realized by combining optical metasurfaces with the terahertz metasurface,resulting in 2-bit dual-channel terahertz *** terahertz metasurface,made up of semiconductor islands and artificial microstructures,enables effective all-optical programming by providing multiple frequency channels with ultrafast modulation at the nanosecond ***,optical metasurfaces covered in terahertz metasurface alter the spatial light field distribution to obtain color *** to the time-domain coupled mode theory analysis,the energy dissipation modes in terahertz metasurface can be independently controlled by color excitation,which explains the principle of 2-bit encoding *** work establishes a platform for all-optical programmed terahertz metadevices and may further advance the application of composite metasurface in terahertz manipulation.

关键词： terahertz surface excitation

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Reducing idleness in financial cloud services via multi-objective evolutionary reinforcement learning based load balancer

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 20-40页

作者： Peng YANG Laoming ZHANG Haifeng LIU Guiying LI Department of Statistics and Data Science Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Intelligent Computation Department of Computer Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology Academy for advanced Interdisciplinary studies Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corp. Ltd Research institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology

In recent years, various companies have started to shift their data services from traditional data centers to the cloud. One of the major motivations is to save on operational costs with the aid of cloud elasticity. This paper discusses an emerging need from financial services to reduce the incidence of idle servers retaining very few user connections, without disconnecting them from the server side. This paper considers this need as a bi-objective online load balancing problem. A neural network based scalable policy is designed to route user requests to varied numbers of servers for the required elasticity. An evolutionary multi-objective training framework is proposed to optimize the weights of the policy. Not only is the new objective of idleness reduced by over 130% more than traditional industrial solutions, but the original load balancing objective itself is also slightly improved. Extensive simulations with both synthetic and real-world data help reveal the detailed applicability of the proposed method to the emergent problem of reducing idleness in financial services.

关键词： evolutionary reinforcement learning evolutionary multi-objective optimization load balance cloud computing

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Early response of understory vegetation to the mass dieback of Norway spruce in the European lowland temperate forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 214-225页

作者： Jan Marek Matuszkiewicz Andrzej N.Affek Piotr Zaniewski Ewa Kołaczkowska Faculty of Geography and Regional studies University of WarsawPoland institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of SciencesPoland institute of Forest Sciences Warsaw University of Life SciencesPoland

Spruce-dominated forests are commonly exposed to disturbances associated with mass occurrences of bark *** dieback of trees triggers many physical and chemical processes in the ecosystem resulting in rapid changes in the vegetation of the lower forest *** aimed to determine the response of non-tree understory vegetation to the mass dieback of Norway spruce(Picea abies)in the first years after the disturbance caused by the European spruce bark beetle(Ips typographus)*** study area was the Białowieża Biosphere Reserve covering the Polish part of the emblematic Białowieża Forest,in total 597km^(2).The main data source comprised 3,900 phytosociological relevés(combined spring and summer campaigns)collected from 1,300 systematically distributed forest sites in 2016–2018–the peak years of the bark beetle *** found that the understory responded immediately to mass spruce dieback,with the most pronounced changes observed in the year of the disturbance and the subsequent ***-tolerant forest species declined in the initial years following the mass spruce dieback,while hemicryptophytes,therophytes,light-demanding species associated with non-forest seminatural communities,as well as water-demanding forest species,*** acetosella,the most common understory species in the Białowieża Forest,showed a distinct fluctuation pattern,with strong short-term expansion right after spruce dieback,followed by a gradual decline over the next 3–4 years to a cover level 5 percentage points lower than before the ***,our study revealed that mass spruce dieback selectively affects individual herb species,and their responses can be directional and non-directional(fluctuation).Furthermore,we demonstrated that the mass dieback of spruce temporarily increases plant species diversity(α-diversity).

关键词： Forest disturbance Bark beetle outbreak Picea abies Ips typographus Response of understory vegetation Herbaceous species Biaowieza Forest

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Learning to select the recombination operator for derivative-free optimization

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第6期67卷 1457-1480页

作者： Haotian Zhang Jianyong Sun Thomas Back Zongben Xu School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Leiden institute of advanced Computer Science Leiden UniversityLeiden2333 CANetherlands

Extensive studies on selecting recombination operators adaptively,namely,adaptive operator selection(AOS),during the search process of an evolutionary algorithm(EA),have shown that AOS is promising for improving EA's performance.A variety of heuristic mechanisms for AOS have been proposed in recent decades,which usually contain two main components:the feature extraction and the policy *** feature extraction refers to as extracting relevant features from the information collected during the search *** policy setting means to set a strategy(or policy)on how to select an operator from a pool of operators based on the extracted *** components are designed by hand in existing studies,which may not be efficient for adapting optimization *** this paper,a generalized framework is proposed for learning the components of AOS for one of the main streams of EAs,namely,differential evolution(DE).In the framework,the feature extraction is parameterized as a deep neural network(DNN),while a Dirichlet distribution is considered to be the policy.A reinforcement learning method,named policy gradient,is used to train the *** case studies,the proposed framework is applied to two DEs including the classic DE and a recently-proposed DE,which result in two new algorithms named PG-DE and PG-MPEDE,*** on the Congress of Evolutionary Computation(CEC)2018 test suite show that the proposed new algorithms perform significantly better than their ***,we prove theoretically that the considered classic methods are the special cases of the proposed framework.

关键词： evolutionary algorithm differential evolution adaptive operator selection reinforcement learning deep learning

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Effects of antioxidant‑rich Lactiplantibacillus plantarum inoculated alfalfa silage on rumen fermentation, antioxidant and immunity status, and mammary gland gene expression in dairy goats

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1227-1240页

作者： Yixin Zhang Samaila Usman Qiang Li Fuhou Li Xia Zhang Luiz Gustavo Nussio Xusheng Guo State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‑ecosystems School of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000PR China Probiotics and Life Health institute Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000PR China Probiotics and Biological Feed Research Centre Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000PR China Department of Animal Science Luiz de Queiroz College of AgricultureUniversity of Sao PauloPiracicaba 13418‑900Brazil

Background Milk synthesis in lactating animals demands high energy metabolism,which results in an increased production of reactive oxygen metabolites(ROM)causing an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants thereby inducing oxidative stress(OS)on the *** mitigate OS and postpartum disorders in dairy goats and gain insight into the impact of dietary choices on redox status during lactation,a feeding trial was conducted using alfalfa silage inoculated with a high-antioxidant strain of Lactiplantibacillus *** Twenty-four Guanzhong dairy goats(38.1±1.20 kg)were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments:one containing silage inoculated with *** MTD/1(RSMTD-1),and the other containing silage inoculated with high antioxidant activity *** 24-7(ES24-7).Results ES24-7-inoculated silage exhibited better fermentation quality and antioxidant activity compared to *** ES24-7 diet elevated the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxi-dase(GSH-Px),and catalase(CAT)activities in milk,serum,and feces of lactating goats(with the exception of T-AOC in milk).Additionally,the diet containing ES24-7 inoculated silage enhanced casein yield,milk free fatty acid(FFA)content,and vitamin A level in the goats’***,an increase of immunoglobulin(Ig)A,IgG,IgM,inter-leukin(IL)-4,and IL-10 concentrations were observed,coupled with a reduction in IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,interferon(IFN)-γ,and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αconcentrations in the serum of lactating goats fed *** concentrations of total volatile fatty acid(VFA),acetate,and propionate were observed in the rumen fluid of dairy goats fed ES24-7 inoculated ***,the diet containing ES24-7 inoculated silage significantly upregulated the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2(NFE2L2),beta-carotene oxygenase 1(BCO1),SOD1,SOD2,SOD3,GPX2,CAT,glu-tathione-disulfide reductase(GSR),and heme oxygenase 1(HMOX1)genes in the mammary gland,

关键词： Alfalfa silage Antioxidant activity Gene expression Goats Immunity Lactation

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