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Construction of RNAi Expression Vector Targeting Vernalizational Gene FaCONSTANS in Tall Fescue

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2014年第1期3卷 26-30页

作者： Xiaoxia LIU Jiahai WU Jianhong SHU Xiaoli WANG Qiong MOU Guizhou institute of prataculture

[ Objective ] This study aimed to construct RNAi expression vector targeting vemalizational gene FaCONSTANS （GenBank accession number： GU214996） in tall rescue. [ Method] A 145 bp long Arabidopsis actin gene intron was inserted into the expression vector to construct an intermediate vector pBI121-M-INT. Two pairs of specific primers with restriction sites were designed to amplify a 351 bp long cDNA conserved sequence fragment of vemalizational gene FaCONSTANS for RT-PCR. After restriction enzyme digestion, the amplified fragment was inserted forwardly and reversely at two sides of the intron of intermediate vector to construct an RNAi expression vector with hairpin structure. [ Result ] Double digestion （HindIII ＋ BamHI） showed that the intron was successfully insert- ed into the vector pBI121. PCR amplification and double digestion indicated that target fragment FaCONSTANS was successfully inserted forwardly and reversely in- to the intermediate vector. [ Conclusion] This study laid foundation for breeding novel flowering-inhibited tall rescue cultivars.

关键词： Tall fescue Vernalizational gene RNAi vector

Use of the N-alkanes to Estimate Intake, Apparent Digestibility and Diet Composition in Sheep Grazing on Stipa brevifl ora Desert Steppe

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第5期13卷 1065-1072页

作者： HU Hong-lian LIU Yong-zhi LI Ya-kui LU De-xun GAO Min institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences Inner Mongolia prataculture Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Animal and Technology Hebei North University

The application of n-alkane as markers to estimate herbage intake, apparent digestibility and species composition of diet consumed by grazing sheep was studied. Six local Mongolian sheep were used to determine dry matter （DM） intake, apparent DM digestibility and species composition of diet during summer, autumn and winter. Animals were orally dosed twice daily with n-alkane gelatin capsules containing 60 mg C32-alkane as an external marker. Diet composition was estimated by comparing the odd-chain n-alkanes pattern profile （C27-C31） of the consumed plant species with the n-alkanes fecal concentrations of grazing animals, using a non-negative least squares algorithm called EATWHAT software package. The alkane pair C32：C33 and C33 alkane were used to estimate DM intake and diet apparent DM digestibility, respectively. The results showed that daily dry matter intake of the sheep were 1.77, 1.61 and 1.18 kg d-1 in summer, autumn and winter, respectively. Apparent DM digestibility, crude protein （CP）, metabolizable energy （ME） and neutral detergent fiber （NDF） intake of diet consumed by sheep decreased significantly （P〈0.01） from summer to winter, with no evident changes in ADF and ADL intake. Diet composition indicated Artemisia frigida Willd was the most dominant diet component, contributed 79.68, 68.12 and 86.26% of sheep＇s diets in summer, autumn and winter, respectively. Cleistogenes songorica Ohwi and Convolvulus arnmannii Desr were the important components of the diet. Although Stipa breviflora Griseb is one of the main plant species in the study area, the sheep rarely choosed it. The study indicated that CP and ME in diet consumed by sheep were deficient in winter. Therefore, appropriate supplementation strategies should be indispensable during this period.

关键词： n-alkanes diet composition intake apparent digestibility sheep

Effect of Low Nitrogen Stress on IAA Metabolome of Tall Fescue

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2017年第1期9卷 53-59页

作者： Li Xiaodong Wang Xiaoli Sun Fang Chen Guangji Wu Jiahai Cai Yiming Guizhou institute of prataculture Guiyang 550006China

Forages generally suffer more severe nutrition stress than other crops, but the corresponding theoretical studies still lag behind. In this study, metabo- lites in tall fescue leaves under normal and low nitrogen conditions were analyzed with LC-ESI-MS （ liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrome- try）. A total of 1 424 and 1 251 metabolites were detected from two groups of samples respectively using OPLS-DA （orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis）. The content of 13 major metabolites changed under low nitrogen stress, including auxin （indale acetic acid, IAA）. Quantitative real-time PCR （qRT- PCR） showed that eight genes related to IAA signaling pathway were up-regulated after nitrogen stress. Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay （ELISA） revealed that the IAA concentration was elevated in tall fescue leaves after nitrogen stress. Our research provides valuable information for studying the response mechanisms of tall feseue to low nitrogen. The results suggest that application of IAA could be used to alleviate the harmful effects of nitrogen deficiency.

关键词： Tall fescue Low nitrogen treatment Metabolome IAA

The Relationship Between Vegetation Characteristics and Altitudes in Transitional Permafrost Zone in Xidatan, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2016年第6期17卷 1462-1467页

作者： Zhiwei WANG Bentian MO Leilei DING Puchang WANG Qian WANG Ruixia LU Guizhou institute of prataculture Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Many studies showed that permafrost has profound influence on alpine ecosystem. However, former researches were mainly focused on typical points by temporal scales. There were few studies about the correlation between vegetation characteristics and different altitudes covering a large region in spatial pattern, especially in transitional permafrost(TP). There were continuous permafrost(CP) discontinuous permafrost(DCP) and seasonal frozen ground(SFG) in this study region. The types of permafrost changed from SFG to DCP, and finally become CP as the altitudes of Xidatan increase. In this paper, 112 845 points interpreted by HJ1-B(environment and disaster monitoring and prediction small satellite constellation), vegetation investigation points, thawing layer thickness research sites, ground temperature and water content observation plots were used to examine the spatial pattern of vegetation which were located in different altitudes in Xidatan, a typical TP region, in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Vegetation characteristics, soil moisture content(SMC) and thaw depths were collected in 15 August to 25 August2012. Characteristics of vegetation were mainly represented by fractional vegetation cover(FVC) derived from the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI), as well as above ground biomass(AGB). In this paper, we analyzed that the distinction of vegetation characteristics in each range through statistics data. These ranges were divided by varied altitudes. For examples, the ranges were divided into 50 m or 100 m. In this study we use a large area plots method to further discuss the relationship between the features of vegetation and the different regions of permafrost based on altitudes shifts in Xidatan. A diagram described the vegetation characteristics variability with rising altitudes in transitional permafrost region was drawn in this paper. Our results illustrated the FVCs first increased in SFG region and then decreased in DCP zone slowly, and in CP region FVCs

关键词： vegetation Qinghai Plateau transitional alpine Tibetan ecosystem covering normalized biomass

Physiological Response of Space Flight Mutation New Strains of Festuca arundinacea to High Temperature Stress and Comprehensive Evaluation

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2017年第5期9卷 326-333页

作者： Li Juan Lei Xia Zhong Li Wang Xiaoli Yang Chunyan Wu Jiahai prataculture institute of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guiyang 550006 China

[Objective] The paper was to understand the physiological response of space flight mutation new strains of Festuca arundinacea to high temperature stress. [Method] The influence of high temperature stress on eco-physiological characteristics of 11 F. arundinacea materials was studied in a pot *** and biochemical indexes,including soluble protein content,superoxide dismutase( SOD),peroxidase( POD) and catalase( CAT) activities,were measured and analyzed once every 4 d for a total of three times. Subordinate function and grey rational analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the heat resistance of 11 materials. [Result] The soluble protein content decreased with the extension of heat resistance stress,while SOD,POD and CAT activities showed an upward trend. The high temperature resistance of 11 F. arundinacea materials was evaluated by subordinate function method. The resistance order was SP5-85> SP5-60 > SP5-71 > SP5-42 > SP5-94 > SP5-7 > SP5-88 > F. arundinacea cv Shuicheng > SP5-5 > SP5-89 = F. arundinacea cv Qiancao No. 1. The relational order of various heat resistance indexes and heat resistance obtained by grey rational analysis was SOD > CAT > POD > soluble protein content. [Conclusion]The result provides a theoretical basis for stress physiology and stress breeding of cold season grass in southwest region.

关键词： Festuca arundinacea High temperature stress Space flight mutation Physiological characteristics Comprehensive evaluation

Response of maize growth and soil biological characteristics to planting density under fertigation in a semi-arid region

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 186-192页

作者： Peng Jiang Lei Li Dejia Xu Rui Wang Quan Sun School of Forestry and prataculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuan 750002China School of Agriculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Increasing the planting density can exacerbate crop competition for water,nutrients and space which results in a decline in the crop ***,the effect of increasing planting density on crop growth and soil biological characteristics in barren sandy land in the semi-arid regions are still *** this study,we investigated the effects of six planting densities(5.4×10^(4),6.45×10^(4),7.95×10^(4),9.5×10^(4),9.75×10^(4) and 10.5×10^(4) plants/hm^(2))on maize growth,photosynthesis characteristics,yield and soil biological characteristics in barren sandy soil in the semi-arid region of Ningxia,*** results indicated that the stem diameter and spike length decreased linearly with increasing planting *** plant height,spike weight,grain weight and 100-grain weight decreased with increasing plating ***,the root length increased with increasing planting *** diameter,volume and activity increased and then decreased with increasing planting *** was no significant difference(p>0.05)in the effect of planting density on transpiration rate intercellular CO_(2) *** well,the soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen decreased with increasing planting *** soil catalase activities increased and then decreased with increasing planting *** alkaline phosphatase activity,the amounts of soil bacteria and actinomycetes increased with increasing planting ***,a moderately increasing planting density can improve maize yield when water and nutrients are *** optimal planting density was 8.29×10^(4) plants/hm^(2) and the highest yield was 15.84 t/hm^(2) in barren sandy soil in semi-arid region of Ningxia,*** study provides a theoretical basis for high yield and high efficiency of maize.

关键词： maize growth planting density yield fertigation soil enzyme activity

Current Distribution of Vegetation Resources in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and Mechanism Research of Its Effects on Rocky Desertification Process

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第5期18卷 866-872页

作者： Peijie MA Wen ZHANG Bentian MO Xirui RUAN Guizhou institute of prataculture Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guiyang 550006 China

Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is the core area of the rocky desertification in the Chinese southwest Karst regions, and the existing studies are very limited to describe the process of rocky desertification quantitatively. The vegetation resources are applied as the key indicators in quantitative description of the degree of rocky desertification damage, and the previous methods using only remote sensing datasets are not competent to distinguish the detailed information of vegetation type, coverage and patch fragmentation on a large scale. Previous research shows that the technology of unmanned aerial vehicle and the estimation software of fraction vegetation coverages and patches could be accurately and rapidly to exploit vegetation resource information. In this project, current distribution of vegetation resources in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau was clarified to reveal the influence mechanism of the rocky desertification. The control factors of rocky desertification distribution and the driving reasons of its dynamic changes were explained by the data of terrain, climate, population, economics and policy. Therefore, it could get the current distribution of vegetation resources in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, especially the grassland resources could be updated, which could not provide research foundations and scientific implications for resolving the rocky desertification, but also could provide valuable background information for the programs of restoring ecological environment and increasing local people's income in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.

关键词： Natural grassland Artificial grassland Soil degradation Vegetation restoration Grass-farmland interface

Metabolomics Analysis of Tall Fescue Leaves under Drought Stress

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2017年第2期9卷 122-126页

作者： Li Xiaodong Cai Lu Wang Xiaoli Shu Jianhong Chen Xi Cai Yiming Guizhou institute of prataculture Guiyang 550006China Guizhou institute of Biotechnology Guiyang 550006China

Abstract The metabolites of tall fescue leaves under normal and drought conditions were analyzed with LC-ESI-MS （ liquid chromatography tandem mass spec- trometry）. A total of 282 metabolites were stably detected in the two groups using OPI.S-DA （orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis） method; 148 of which were down-regulated while 134 were up-regulated. After analyzed with MZ-minc software, 10 major metabolites （4 down, 6 up） were identified through searehing public database. Aromatic compounds, 3-p-eoumaroyll, 5-quinolaetone, aromatic free amino acids, styraxin mad methanofuran, were up-regulated ; grease metabolites, methyl 15-hydroperoxy-9Z, 12Z, 16E-octadecatrienoate, 9,12,13-Tri-HOME （10）, 3-oxo-dodecanoic acid, and 13 （S）-HpOTrE acid ester, were down-regulated; piperanine （alkaloids） was down-regulated while Methyl 7-epi-12-hydroxyjasmonate glucoside （indicant） was up-regulated. In a word, aromatic compounds and liquid metabolites may play vital roles in drought-resistant regulation of tall fescue.

关键词： Tall fescue Drought stress Metabolome Aromatic compounds

Mapping the vegetation distribution of the permafrost zone on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第6期13卷 1035-1046页

作者： WANG Zhi-wei WANG Qian ZHAO Lin WU Xiao-dong YUE Guang-yang ZOU De-fu NAN Zhuo-tong LIU Guang-yue PANG Qiang-qiang FANG Hong-bing WU Tong-hua SHI Jian-zong JIAO Ke-qin ZHAO Yong-hua ZHANG Le-le Guizhou institute of prataculture Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guiyang 550006 China Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau State Key Laboratory of Cryosheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineer Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 10049 China

In this paper, an updated vegetation map of the permafrost zone in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau （QTP） was delineated. The vegetation map model was extracted from vegetation sampling with remote sensing （RS） datasets by decision tree method. The spatial resolution of the map is 1 km×1 kin, and in it the alpine swamp meadow is firstly distinguished in the high-altitude areas. The results showed that the total vegetated area in the permafrost zone of the QTP is 1,201,751 km2. In the vegetated region, 50,260 km2 is the areas of alpine swamp meadow, 583,909 km2 for alpine meadow, 332,754 km2 for alpine steppe, and 234,828 km2 for alpine desert. This updated vegetation map in permafrost zone of QTP could provide more details about the distribution of alpine vegetation types for studying the vegetation mechanisms in the land surface processes of highaltitude areas.

关键词： High-altitude areas Alpine vegetationtype Vegetation map Alpine swamp meadow MODIS Decision tree