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Context Processing in Contextual and Cued Fear Extinction

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neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第6期40卷 835-839页

作者： Yimu Zhang Chun Xu Yu Gu state key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institutes of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200032China institute of neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceCenter for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China

Anxiety disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)are prevalent mental disorders that disturb millions *** disorders often manifest as excessive fear,anxiety,and distress,significantly impacting daily *** fear extinction paradigms in animals were established decades ago and have been widely used in research,providing a scientific basis for exposure therapies for anxiety disorders in humans.

关键词： distress disorders traumatic

Distributions of Visual Receptive Fields from Retinotopic to Craniotopic Coordinates in the Lateral Intraparietal Area and Frontal Eye Fields of the Macaque

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neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第2期40卷 171-181页

作者： Lin Yang Min Jin Cong Zhang Ning Qian Mingsha Zhang key laboratory of Cognitive neuroscience and Learning Division of PsychologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China institute of neuroscience Key Laboratory of Primate NeurobiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Department of neuroscience and Zuckerman institute Columbia UniversityNew York 10027USA

Even though retinal images of objects change their locations following each eye movement,we perceive a stable and continuous *** possible mechanism by which the brain achieves such visual stability is to construct a craniotopic coordinate by integrating retinal and extraretinal *** have been several proposals on how this may be done,including eye-position modulation(gain fields)of retinotopic receptive fields(RFs)and craniotopic *** the present study,we investigated coordinate systems used by RFs in the lateral intraparietal(LIP)cortex and frontal eye fields(FEF)and compared the two *** mapped the two-dimensional RFs of neurons in detail under two eye fixations and analyzed how the RF of a given neuron changes with eye position to determine its coordinate *** same recording and analysis procedures were applied to the two brain *** found that,in both areas,RFs were distributed from retinotopic to craniotopic *** was no significant difference between the distributions in the LIP and *** a small fraction of neurons was fully craniotopic,whereas most neurons were between the retinotopic and craniotopic *** distributions were strongly biased toward the retinotopic side but with significant craniotopic *** results suggest that there is only weak evidence for craniotopic RFs in the LIP and FEF,and that transformation from retinotopic to craniotopic coordinates in these areas must rely on other factors such as gain fields.

关键词： Reference frames Eye-centered Headcentered Visual stability

Generation of mitochondrial replacement monkeys by female pronucleus transfer

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 292-298页

作者： Chun-Yang Li Xing-Chen Liu Yu-Zhuo Li Yan Wang Yan-Hong Nie Yu-Ting Xu Xiao-Tong Zhang Yong Lu Qiang Sun institute of neuroscience Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyState Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China key laboratory of Genetic Evolution and Animal Models Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Mutations in mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)are maternally inherited and have the potential to cause severe *** replacement therapies,including spindle,polar body,and pronuclear transfers,are promising strategies for preventing the hereditary transmission of mtDNA *** pronuclear transfer has been used to generate mitochondrial replacement mouse models and human embryos,its application in non-human primates has not been previously *** this study,we successfully generated four healthy cynomolgus monkeys(Macaca fascicularis)via female pronuclear *** individuals all survived for more than two years and exhibited minimal mtDNA carryover(3.8%–6.7%),as well as relatively stable mtDNA heteroplasmy dynamics during *** successful establishment of this nonhuman primate model highlights the considerable potential of pronuclear transfer in reducing the risk of inherited mtDNA diseases and provides a valuable preclinical research model for advancing mitochondrial replacement therapies in humans.

关键词： Non-human primates Mitochondrial replacement Female pronuclear transfer

enOsCas12f1-mediated exon skipping for Duchenne muscular dystrophy therapy in humanized mouse model

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第2期51卷 256-259页

作者： Ming Jin Jiajia Lin Yu Zhang Qingquan Xiao Xiangfeng Kong Xiumei Zhang Zhurui Shao Yin Wang Yuyang Yu Jinjing Li Wan-Jin Chen Guoling Li Hui Yang Ning Wang Department of Neurology and institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital Institute of NeuroscienceFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular NeurologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350004China HUIDAGENE Therapeutics Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200131China institute of neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Primate NeurobiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD)is a severe neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene,which encodes the essential protein *** genetic condition,affecting approximately 1 in 5000 male births worldwide(Birnkrant et al.,2018),is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting,leading to premature death in the second or third decade of life(Farini et al.,2016).The absence of dystrophin protein causes instability in the sarcolemma,which predisposes individuals to myonecrosis and activation of inflammatory signaling ***,there is currently no effective cure for DMD,and glucocorticoid steroids are commonly used in clinical settings to delay symptom development(Merlini et al.,2003).

关键词： dystrophy Duchenne

Genetic pathways in cerebral palsy:a review of the implications for precision diagnosis and understanding disease mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1499-1508页

作者： Yiran Xu Yifei Li Seidu A.Richard Yanyan Sun Changlian Zhu Henan key laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center Institute of Neuroscience and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina National Health Council(NHC)key laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects PreventionZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina Department of Human Anatomy School of Basic Medicine and Institute of NeuroscienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden

Ce rebral palsy is a diagnostic term utilized to describe a group of permanent disorders affecting movement and *** with cerebral palsy are often only capable of limited activity,resulting from non-progressive disturbances in the fetal or neonatal *** disturbances severely impact the child’s daily life and impose a substantial economic burden on the *** cerebral palsy encompasses various brain injuries leading to similar clinical outcomes,the unde rstanding of its etiological pathways remains incomplete owing to its complexity and *** review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the genetic factors influencing cerebral palsy *** is now widely acknowledged that genetic mutations and alterations play a pivotal role in cerebral palsy development,which can be further influenced by environmental fa *** pite continuous research endeavors,the underlying fa ctors contributing to cerebral palsy remain are still ***,significant progress has been made in genetic research that has markedly enhanced our comprehension of the genetic factors underlying cerebral palsy *** r,these genetic factors have been categorized based on the identified gene mutations in patients through clinical genotyping,including thrombosis,angiogenesis,mitochondrial and oxidative phosphorylation function,neuronal migration,and cellular ***,exploring targeted genotypes holds potential for precision *** conclusion,advancements in genetic research have substantially improved our understanding of the genetic causes underlying cerebral *** breakthroughs have the potential to pave the way for new treatments and therapies,consequently shaping the future of cerebral palsy research and its clinical *** investigation of cerebral palsy genetics holds the potential to significantly advance treatments and management *** elucidating the underlying cellular mechanisms,w

关键词： cerebral palsy environmental factors etiology genetic factors genetic mutation movement disorder spastic diplegia

Advancing neuroscience through real-time processing of big data:Transition from open-loop to closed-loop paradigms

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 518-519页

作者： Yu-Fan Wang Jiu-Lin Du institute of neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceCenter for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 200031China

The brain functions as a closed-loop system that continuously generates behavior in response to the external environment and adjusts actions based on the *** research methodologies in neuroscience,especially those employed in brain imaging experiments,have mainly adopted an open-loop paradigm(Grosenick et al.,2015).Functional neural circuits are analyzed offline and subsequently tested through manipulation of neuronal activities within specific regions or with genetic *** establishing a closed-loop research paradigm,functional ensembles can be detected and tested in real time with temporal *** functional ensembles,rather than brain regions or genetically labeled neural populations,serve as fundamental units of neural networks,offering valuable insights into the dissection of neural *** closed-loop research paradigm also enables the capture of high-dimensional activities of internal brain dynamics and precise elucidation of physiological processes such as learning,decision-making,and sleep.

关键词： neural loop Transition

Neuroimmune interactions and their roles in neurodegenerative diseases

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 251-261页

作者： Bai-Rong Chen Ting Wu Ting-Hui Chen Yun Wang neuroscience Research institute and Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesKey Laboratory for NeuroscienceMinistry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsPeking UniversityBeijing 100083China PKU-IDG/McGovern institute for Brain Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The nervous system possesses bidirectional,sophisticated and delicate communications with the immune *** neuroimmune interactions play a vitally important role in the initiation and development of many disorders,especially neurodegenerative *** scientific advancements have made tremendous progress in this field during the last few years,neuroimmune communications are still far from being *** organizing recent research,in this review,we discuss the local and intersystem neuroimmune interactions and their roles in Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral *** these will help us gain a better understanding of the process of interplay inside the body and how the organism maintains *** will also facilitate a view of the diseases from a holistic,pluralistic and interconnected perspective,thus providing a basis of developing novel and effective methods to diagnose,intervene and treat diseases.

关键词： Nervous system Immune system Neuroimmune interactions Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Clinical and genetic heterogeneity of adult polyglucosan body disease caused by GBE1 biallelic mutations in China

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 17-20页

作者： Yikun Chen Yan Shi Yuan Gao Yan Hu Linying Zhou Jingmei Hong Shirui Gan Xiang Lin Wanjin Chen Guorong Xu Jin He Department of Neurology and institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital Institute of Neuroscienceand Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular NeurologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350005China Fujian key laboratory of Molecular Neurology Institute of NeuroscienceFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350005China Electron Microscopy Lab of Public Technology Service Center Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350005China

Adult polyglucosan body disease(APBD)is a rare and highly heterogeneous glycogen storage disorder due to biallelic variants in GBE1.1 Typical APBD presentations include gait abnormalities with polyneuropathy,leukodystrophy,neurogenic bladder,and mild cognitive *** diagnosis of APBD encompasses a large spectrum of conditions including axonal and demyelinating sensorimotor polyneuropathy,progressive spastic paraparesis,and leukodystrophies.

关键词： GBE bladder diagnosis

Targeting synaptic pathology in Alzheimer’s disease

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 875-876页

作者： Jing Cao Yun-Wu Zhang Fujian Provincial key laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research Institute of NeuroscienceSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenFujian 361102China

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory and cognitive *** two primary pathological hallmarks of AD include the accumulation ofβ-amyloid(Aβ)plaques and formation of neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs)composed predominantly of hyperphosphorylated tau protein(Zhang et al.,2023).Moreover,synaptic dysfunction is considered another crucial factor in AD pathogenesis and is closely associated with cognitive ***,synaptic damage,loss,and dysfunction manifest earlier than the pathological features of Aβplaques and NFTs(Knopman et al.,2021).Therefore,understanding the mechanisms underlying synaptic dysfunction in AD is vital for providing insights into disease mechanisms and developing novel therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ tau