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高温退火提升质子交换膜燃料电池阴极催化剂的铂利用率

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Science China Materials 2024年第6期67卷 1851-1857页

作者：李俊杰李子睿李帅徐聪李昂童磊梁海伟 Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Nano Science and Technology institute University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123China

高温退火被认为是提升质子交换膜燃料电池中铂碳阴极催化剂耐久性的有效方法,但关于其对燃料电池性能的影响尚缺乏研究报道.本文通过对不同温度制备的铂碳催化剂进行详细对比分析,探讨了高温退火对燃料电池性能的影响.结果表明,高温退... 详细信息

高温退火被认为是提升质子交换膜燃料电池中铂碳阴极催化剂耐久性的有效方法,但关于其对燃料电池性能的影响尚缺乏研究报道.本文通过对不同温度制备的铂碳催化剂进行详细对比分析,探讨了高温退火对燃料电池性能的影响.结果表明,高温退火不仅增强了催化剂的耐久性,还显著提升了铂的利用率,进而提高了其质量活性和低电流密度性能.基于一系列电化学和物理表征结果,我们推测铂利用率的提升源于高温退火导致的铂纳米颗粒迁移行为,进而缩短了铂纳米颗粒与离子聚的间距.而较短的间距有利于提高质子对铂纳米颗粒的可及性,最终实现了铂纳米颗粒利用率的提升.

关键词： Pt/C catalyst fuel cell oxygen reduction reaction Pt utilization high-temperature annealing

Fabrication of the high power input coupler for BEPCⅡ superconducting cavities

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Chinese Physics C 2008年第11期32卷 931-933页

作者：黄彤明马强潘卫民王光伟 institute of high Energy Physics CAS Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The BEPCII storage ring adopts two 500 MHz superconducting cavities （SCC）. Each one is equipped with a 500 MHz input power coupler. The coupler is to feed 150 kW power in continuous wave （CW） mode with both standing and traveling wave modes. Due to high power feeding and high frequency of the coupler, its fabrication is a big challenge. The fabrication started with two key components, the window and the antenna. Up to now, two sets including windows and antennas have been made by IHEP. And a 270 kW RF power in CW has passed through the coupler during the high power test. The fabrication details are presented in this paper.

关键词： high power input coupler fabrication superconducting cavity

Prospects of the Multi-channel Photometric Survey Telescope in the Cosmological Application of Type Ia Supernovae

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 183-191页

作者： Zhenyu Wang Jujia Zhang Xinzhong Er Jinming Bai Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China International Centre of Supernovae Yunnan Key LaboratoryKunming 650216China South-Western institute for Astronomy Research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

The Multi-channel Photometric Survey Telescope(Mephisto)is a real-time,three-color photometric system designed to capture the color evolution of stars and transients *** telescope system can be crucial in cosmological distance measurements of low-redshift(low-z,z■0.1)Type Ia supernovae(SNe Ia).To optimize the capabilities of this instrument,we perform a comprehensive simulation study before its official operation is scheduled to *** considering the impact of atmospheric extinction,weather conditions,and the lunar phase at the observing site involving the instrumental features,we simulate light curves of SNe Ia obtained by *** best strategy in the case of SN Ia cosmology is to take the image at an exposure time of 130 s with a cadence of 3 *** this condition,Mephisto can obtain hundreds of high-quality SNe Ia to achieve a distance measurement better than 4.5%.Given the on-time spectral classification and monitoring of the Lijiang 2.4 m Telescope at the same observatory,Mephisto,in the whole operation,can significantly enrich the well-calibrated sample of supernovae at low-z and improve the calibration accuracy of high-z SNe Ia.

关键词： (stars:)supernovae:general (cosmology:)cosmological parameters telescopes

Combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer alleviates the kernel position effect in summer maize by promoting post-silking nitrogen uptake and dry matter accumulation

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1179-1194页

作者： Lichao Zhai Lihua Zhang Yongzeng Cui Lifang Zhai Mengjing Zheng Yanrong Yao Jingting Zhang Wanbin Hou Liyong Wu Xiuling Jia institute of Cereal and Oil Crops Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuang 050035China Hebei Science and Technology Innovation Service Center Shijiazhuang 050051China Yongnian Agricultural Technology Extension Center Handan 057150China Ningjin Agricultural Technology Extension Center Xingtai 055550China

Adjusting agronomic measures to alleviate the kernel position effect in maize is important for ensuring high *** order to clarify whether the combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer(CAOFCF)can alleviate the kernel position effect of summer maize,field experiments were conducted during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons,and five treatments were assessed:CF,100%chemical fertilizer;OFCF1,15%organic fertilizer+85%chemical fertilizer;OFCF2,30%organic fertilizer+70%chemical fertilizer;OFCF3,45%organic fertilizer+55%chemical fertilizer;and OFCF4,60%organic fertilizer+40%chemical *** with the CF treatment,the OFCF1 and OFCF2 treatments significantly alleviated the kernel position effect by increasing the weight ratio of inferior kernels to superior kernels and reducing the weight gap between the superior and inferior *** effects were largely due to the improved filling and starch accumulation of inferior ***,there were no obvious differences in the kernel position effect among plants treated with CF,OFCF3,or OFCF4 in most *** area indexes,post-silking photosynthetic rates,and net assimilation rates were higher in plants treated with OFCF1 or OFCF2 than in those treated with CF,reflecting an enhanced photosynthetic capacity and improved postsilking dry matter accumulation(DMA)in the plants treated with OFCF1 or *** with the CF treatment,the OFCF1 and OFCF2 treatments increased post-silking N uptake by 66.3 and 75.5%,respectively,which was the major factor driving post-silking photosynthetic capacity and ***,the increases in root DMA and zeatin riboside content observed following the OFCF1 and OFCF2 treatments resulted in reduced root senescence,which is associated with an increased post-silking N *** showed that post-silking N uptake,DMA,and grain yield in summer maize were negatively correlated with the kernel position *** conclusion,the combined application of

关键词： chemical fertilizer dry mater accumulation kernel position effect N uptake organic fertilizer

Enhanced performance of Discharge Plasma in Raw Engine Exhaust Treatment-Operation under Different Temperatures and Loads

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Plasma Science and Technology 2005年第4期7卷 2943-2946页

作者： B S Rajanikanth A D Srinivasan Subhankar das Dept.of high Voltage Engineering Indian institute of Science Bangalore 560012IndiaDept.of High Voltage Engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBangalore 560012IndiaDept.of High Voltage Engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBangalore 560012India

This paper reports improved performance of discharge plasma in raw engine exhaust treatment. For the purpose of investigation, both filtered and raw diesel engine exhaust were separately treated by the discharge plasma. In raw exhaust environment, the discharge plasma exhibits a superior performance with regard to NOx removal, energy consmnption and formation of by-products. In this study, experiments were conducted at conditions of different temperatures and loads.

关键词： raw diesel engine exhaust discharge plasma NOx removal

Application of Mythen detector:In-situ XRD study on the thermal expansion behavior of metal indium

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2016年第7期59卷 62-69页

作者： Rong Du ZhongJun Chen Quan Cai JianLong Fu Yu Gong ZhongHua Wu institute of high Energy Physics and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

A Mythen detector has been equipped at the beamline 4B9 A of Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility(BSRF),which is expected to enable BSRF to perform time-resolved measurement of X-ray diffraction(XRD) *** this paper,the thermal expansion behavior of metal indium has been studied by using the in-situ XRD technique with the Mythen *** indium was heated from 303 to 433 K with a heating rate of 2 K/*** in-situ XRD full-profiles were collected with a rate of one profile per 10 *** refinement was used to extract the structural *** results demonstrate that these collected quasi-real-time XRD profiles can be well used for structural *** metal indium was found to have a nonlinear thermal expansion behavior from room temperature to the melting point(429.65 K).The a-axis of the tetragonal unit cell expands with a biquadratic dependency on temperature,while the c-axis contracts with a cubic dependency on *** the time-resolved XRD measurements,it was observed that the[200]preferred orientation can maintain to about 403.15 ***(110) is the last and detectable crystal plane just before melting of the polycrystalline indium *** study is not only beneficial to the application of metal indium,but also exhibits the capacity of in-situ time-resolved XRD measurements at the X-ray diffraction station of BSRF.

关键词：原位XRD 热膨胀行为金属铟探测器应用原位X射线衍射 Rietveld精修 X射线衍射测量

Mutual information oriented deep skill chaining for multi‐agent reinforcement learning

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 1014-1030页

作者： Zaipeng Xie Cheng Ji Chentai Qiao WenZhan Song Zewen Li Yufeng Zhang Yujing Zhang Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjingChina College of Computer and Information Hohai UniversityNanjingChina Center for Cyber‐Physical Systems University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA Information Networking institute Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Multi‐agent reinforcement learning relies on reward signals to guide the policy networks of individual ***,in high‐dimensional continuous spaces,the non‐stationary environment can provide outdated experiences that hinder convergence,resulting in ineffective training performance for multi‐agent *** tackle this issue,a novel reinforcement learning scheme,Mutual Information Oriented Deep Skill Chaining(MioDSC),is proposed that generates an optimised cooperative policy by incorporating intrinsic rewards based on mutual information to improve exploration *** rewards encourage agents to diversify their learning process by engaging in actions that increase the mutual information between their actions and the environment *** addition,MioDSC can generate cooperative policies using the options framework,allowing agents to learn and reuse complex action sequences and accelerating the convergence speed of multi‐agent *** was evaluated in the multi‐agent particle environment and the StarCraft multi‐agent challenge at varying difficulty *** experimental results demonstrate that MioDSC outperforms state‐of‐the‐art methods and is robust across various multi‐agent system tasks with high stability.

关键词： artificial intelligence techniques decision making intelligent multi‐agent systems

Improved genome annotation of Brassica oleracea highlights the importance of alternative splicing

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第4期10卷 961-970页

作者： Yinqing Yang Lei Zhang Qi Tang Lingkui Zhang Xing Li Shumin Chen Kang Zhang Ying Li Xilin Hou Feng Cheng State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural GenomicsBeijing 100081China

Brassica oleracea has been developed into many important crops,including cabbage,kale,cauliflower,broccoli and so *** genome and gene annotation of cabbage(cultivar JZS),a representative morphotype of ***,has been widely used as a common reference in biological *** its genome assembly has been updated twice,the current gene annotation still lacks information on untranslated regions(UTRs)and alternative splicing(AS).Here,we constructed a high-quality gene annotation(JZSv3)using a full-length transcriptome acquired by nanopore sequencing,yielding a total of 59452 genes and 75684 ***,we re-analyzed the previously reported transcriptome data related to the development of different tissues and cold response using JZSv3 as a reference,and found that 3843 out of 11908 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)underwent AS during the development of different tissues and 309 out of 903 cold-related genes underwent AS in response to cold ***,we also identified many AS genes,including BolLHCB5 and BolHSP70,that displayed distinct expression patterns within variant transcripts of the same gene,highlighting the importance of JZSv3 as a pivotal reference for AS ***,JZSv3 provides a valuable resource for exploring gene function,especially for obtaining a deeper understanding of AS regulation mechanisms.

关键词： Brassica oleracea Oxford nanopore technologies Gene annotation Alternative splicing

Molecular crowding electrolytes for stabilizing Zn metal anode in rechargeable aqueous batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 445-451页

作者： Li Lin Song-Lin Tian Zhen-Yu Hu Yu Zhang Li-Min Chang Jia-Jun Wang Wan-Qiang Liu Qing-Shuang Wang Fang Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China School of Life Science and Technology Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education Jilin Normal UniversityChangchun 130103China Zhongshan institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology Zhongshan 528437China

A solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)with a robust mechanical property and a high ionic conductivity is imperative for high-performance zinc metal ***,it is difficult to form such a SEI directly from an *** this work,a molecular crowding effect is based on the introduction of Zn(OTF)_(2)and Zn(ClO_(4))_(2)to 2 mol/L ZnSO_(4)*** and experiments indicate that the Zn(OTF)_(2)and Zn(ClO_(4))_(2)not only create a molecularly crowded electrolyte environment to promote the interaction of Zn^(2+)and OTF^(-),but also participate in the reduction to construct a robust and high ionic-conductive SEI,thus promoting metal zinc deposition to the(002)crystal *** this molecular crowding electrolyte,a high current density of 1 mA/cm^(2)can be obtained by assembling symmetric batteries with Zn as the anode for over 1000 *** in a temperature environment of-10℃,a current density of 1 mA/cm^(2)can be obtained by assembling symmetric batteries with Zn for over 200 ***//Bi_(2)S_(3)/VS4@C cells achieve a CE rate of up to 99.81%over 1000 ***,the utilization of a molecular crowding electrolyte is deemed a highly effective approach to fabricating a sophisticated SEI for a zinc anode.

关键词： Zinc ion batteries Anode Electrolyte Solid electrolyte interphase Molecular crowding effect