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Jet Flame Characteristics of High-Temperature Gas-Solid Mixed Fuels

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第2期34卷 653-671页

作者： LU Yu FANG Neng LI Wei GUO Shuai WU Yujun HU Yujie REN Qiangqiang institute of engineering thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China College of Coal engineering Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong037003China

Preheating combustion/gasification technology enables efficient and environmentally friendly utilization of coal resources,but the research on the flow and reaction characteristics of high-temperature gas-solid mixed fuels produced by the technology still needs to be further *** flame can intuitively show the jet,mixing and reaction of fuel and oxidant at the outlet of the ***,this study investigates the jet flame characteristics of high-temperature gas-solid mixed fuels on a self-designed test *** temperature and gas-solid mixing are the special features of the fuel in this study,which are different from other ***,we first qualitatively compare the jet flame characteristics of high-temperature gas-solid mixed fuel with traditional *** preliminary results indicate that high-temperature gas-solid mixed fuels exhibit higher reactivity and a faster reaction rate compared to pulverized *** a result,it shows different characteristics in flame shape,ignition delay and ignition *** jet flame shape of high-temperature gas-solid mixed fuels closely resembles that of the pulverized coal group combustion flame,displaying a continuous cloud-like structure similar to the shape of a gas-fueled ***,the flame image does not show any significant ignition delay *** upon these results,this study also quantitatively analyzes the geometric parameters,temperature distribution and oscillation frequency of the high-temperature gas-solid mixed fuel jet flame under different secondary air equivalence ratios and primary air equivalence ratios,so that we can have a deeper understanding of the influence of operating parameters on the combustion/gasification process.

关键词： high-temperature gas-solid mixed fuel jet flame geometric parameters temperature distribution oscillation frequency

A Comparative Study of Purge Flow Aero-Thermal Performance under Pre-Swirl and Rotational Conditions

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第2期34卷 626-638页

作者： GAO Hongyu WANG Yutian XU Renjie XU Qingzong School of Energy and Power engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China institute of engineering thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100045China

Investigating the interaction between purge flow and main flow in gas turbines is crucial for optimizing thermal management,and enhancing aerodynamic *** the high-speed rotating rotor poses challenges;however,employing the pre-swirl method to model rotational effect can facilitate experimental *** study evaluates the validity of the pre-swirl method for modeling rotational *** simulations are conducted under both stationary conditions,with seven swirl ratios,and rotational *** investigation focuses on the underlying mechanisms of pre-swirl and ***-swirl and rotation impart circumferential velocity to the purge flow relative to the blade,resulting in a diminishing effect on endwall *** the other hand,pre-swirl reduces the adverse pressure gradient,and the rotation generates Coriolis forces acting on the passage vortex,both contribute to an increasing effect on endwall *** pre-swirl condition,the diminishing effect is dominant,while in rotational condition,neither the diminishing nor the increasing effect exhibits an overwhelmingly dominant trend.

关键词： gas turbine rotational effect pre-swirl purge flow endwall cooling effectiveness

Influence Factors on the Radiation Temperature Measurement Accuracy of Turbine Blades

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第2期34卷 510-523页

作者： LI Xunfeng YAN Hao ZHAO Shu'nan CHENG Keyong CHEN Junlin HUAI Xiulan institute of engineering thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of engineering Science University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Nanjing institute of Future Energy System Nanjing211135China

Backward Monte Carlo method of the complicated and exact three-dimensional turbine with the spectral emission and reflection characteristics of the turbine blades materials and the spectral absorption and emission characteristics of combustion gas is *** factors affecting the accuracy of the radiation temperature measurement are *** results show that reducing the distance from the probe to the target surface can reduce the effect of the environment on the measurement *** the temperature and emissivity of the target surface can improve the measurement *** reflection characteristics of the surfaces have little influence on the radiation temperature measurement,so the blades can be considered as diffuse reflectors in order to improve the calculation *** temperature measurement accuracy decreases rapidly as the temperature of the combustion gas *** temperature measurement accuracy decreases with the increase of total gas pressure and H_(2)O *** measuring the temperature of rotating blades,the apparent emissivity of the target surface is inversely proportional to the measurement accuracy.

关键词： Monte Carlo method turbine blade radiation temperature measurement accuracy

Comparative analysis on pulverized coal combustion preheated by self-sustained purifying burner with coaxial and centrosymmetric air nozzle structures:Purification,combustion and NO_(x)emission characteristics

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2025年第1期77卷 102-113页

作者： Kun Su Ziqu Ouyang Hongshuai Wang Hongliang Ding Wenyu Wang Qisi Chen Shuyun Li State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

To optimize secondary air nozzle structure in purifying burner,this study focused on the comparison of purification,combustion and NO_(x)emission characteristics of pulverized coal preheated by a 30 kW purifying burner with coaxial and centrosymmetric *** structure shifted the position of main burning region down in high-temperature reduction unit(HTRU),and the number of branches differently influenced the temperature in different regions with this *** reductive gas components,CO concentration with centrosymmetric structure was higher compared to coaxial structure,while the differences in H_(2)and CH_(4)concentrations were *** structure was more disadvantageous to improve physicochemical properties of pulverized coal compared to coaxial structure,and this structure with four branches further deteriorated its properties compared to two *** mild combustion unit(MCU),the temperature at top was lower with centrosymmetric structure,while was higher in the *** structure more effectively reduced NO_(x)emission compared to coaxial structure,but with slight sacrifice of combustion efficiency(h).Moreover,both two-branch and four-branch centrosymmetric structures realized ultra-low NO_(x)emission(<50 mg·m^(-3))with high h of over 98.50%,and the former was more *** this optimal structure,h and NO_(x)emission were 99.25%and 40.42 mg·m^(-3).

关键词： Purifying-burning NO_(x)emission Coaxial structure Centrosymmetric structure

Impact of Startup Strategy and Buffer Tank Volume on the Compressor Inlet State for a 3-MW sCO_(2)Brayton Cycle

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 159-175页

作者： ZHAO Decai WANG Bo Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy and Power Institute of Engineering Thermophysics(IET)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The supercritical carbon dioxide(sCO_(2))Brayton cycle system has become an emerging and highly promising method of thermal power conversion due to its efficiency advantage,system compactness,and excellent adaptability of the heat *** the low carbon sCO_(2)Brayton cycle testbed with cycle output power approaching 3 MW,a relatively detailed dynamic simulation model of the entire system is constructed to explore the dynamic response characteristics of the system with different startup strategies and different buffer tank volumes during the startup *** simulation results indicate that the smaller the volume of the buffer tank,the more rapid and obvious the parameter fluctuation in the buffer tank during the *** the allowable relative deviation limit of density is 5%,then the ratio of the buffer tank volume to the volume of the entire closed loop should not be lower than 36.80%.The strategy of simultaneous temperature and speed increase during turbine bypass start can effectively reduce the fluctuation of compressor inlet parameters and reach the steady-state more *** paper provides the recommended matching table for the opening of the turbine bypass valve(TBV)and the main regulating valve(MGV)to reduce the parameter fluctuation during the bypass *** effectiveness of the proposed turbine bypass and bypass switching startup strategy is verified by simulation,which may be used as a reference for test bench's future debugging and operation.

关键词： sCO_(2)Brayton cycle dynamic model buffer tank startup strategy dynamic characteristic

Uncovering fantastic synergistic lithium adsorption with manganese-titanium based composite nanospheres:Mild synthesis and molecular dynamics simulation insights

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 52-67,I0003页

作者： Yameng Wang Zi-Yu Liu Yubei Su Yu Liu Aoqun Liu Xiaoye Zhang Yugang Huang Liyun Zhang Haisheng Chen Wancheng Zhu Department of Chemical engineering Qufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165ShandongChina institute of engineering thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

In light of the burgeoning energy technology sector and the ever-growing demand for lithium across diverse industrial domains,conventional lithium extraction methods have been proven inadequate due to their limited production capacity and high operational *** work introduces a novel approach to the manganese-titanium based composite HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)lithium ion-sieve(LIS)nanospheres,employing lithium acetate dihydrate,manganese carbonate and titanium dioxide P25 as the primary *** nanospheres exhibit relatively uniform spherical morphology,narrow size distribution,small average particle size(ca.55 nm),large specific surface area(43.58 m^(2)g^(-1))and high surface O_(2)-content(59.01%).When utilized as the adsorbents for Li^(+)ions,the HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)LIS demonstrates a fast adsorption rate,approaching equilibrium within 6.0 h with an equilibrium adsorption capacity(qe)of 79.5 mg g^(-1)and a maximum adsorption capacity(qm)of 87.26 mg g^(-1)(initial concentration CO:1.8 g L^(-1)).In addition,the HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)also delivers a high lithium extraction from the simulated high magnesium-lithium molar ratio salt lake brine(Mg:Li=103),achieving a qeof 33.85 mg g^(-1)along with a remarkable selectivity(α_(Mg)^(Li)=2192.76).Particularly,the HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)LIS showcases a satisfactory recycling adsorption *** adsorption capacity remains at a high level,even that determined after the 5th cycle(55.45 mg g^(-1))surpasses that of the most recently reported ***,the fantastic synergistic lithium adsorption mechanism is deliberately uncovered by leveraging the ion exchange principles and molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.

关键词： Lithium ion-sieves Manganese titanium composite Adsorption performance lon exchange Salt lake brine lithium extraction

Measurement of unsteady force on rotor blade surfaces in axial flow compressor

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第2期38卷 31-45页

作者： Jingyuan LIU Jichao LI Feng PENG Yang LIU Hongwu ZHANG Advanced Gas Turbine Laboratory Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Light-duty Gas-turbine Beijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy and Power Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Innovation Academy for Light-duty Gas-turbine Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

To assess the aerodynamic performance and vibration characteristics of rotor blades during rotation,a study of unsteady blade surface forces is conducted in a low-speed axial flow compressor under a rotating coordinate *** capture,modulation,and acquisition of unsteady blade surface forces are achieved by using pressure sensors and strain gauges attached to the rotor blades,in conjunction with a wireless telemetry *** on the measurement reliability verification,this approach allows for the determination of the static pressure distribution on rotor blade surfaces,enabling the quantitative description of loadability at different spanwise positions along the blade *** caused by the factors such as Tip Leakage Flow(TLF)and flow separation can be perceived and reflected in the trends of static pressure on the blade ***,the dynamic characteristics of unsteady pressure and stress on the blade surfaces are *** results indicate that only the pressure signals measured at the mid-chord of the blade tip can distinctly detect the unsteady frequency of TLF due to the oscillation of the low-pressure spot on the pressure ***,with the help of one-dimensional continuous wavelet analysis method,it can be inferred that as the compressor enters stall,the sensors are capable of capturing stall cell frequency under a rotating coordinate ***,the stress at the blade root is higher than that at the blade tip,and the frequency band of the vibration can also be measured by the pressure sensors fixed on the casing wall in a stationary *** the compressor stalls,the stress at the blade root can be higher,which can provide valuable guidance for monitoring the lifecycle of compressor blades.

关键词： Axial flow compressor Unsteady blade surface force Wireless telemetry Tip leakage flow Vibration characteristic Unsteady flow

An Efficient Integrated System for Methanol Steam Reforming to Produce Hydrogen Coupled with PEMFC Power Generation

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第2期34卷 374-388页

作者： YUAN Shaoke LI Peijing JIAO Fan LI Yimin QIN Yuanlong HAN Dongjiang LIU Qibin institute of engineering thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China Department of Thermal Science and Energy engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027China

With a broad range of application prospects,hydrogen fuel cell technology is regarded as a clean and efficient energy conversion ***,challenges exist in terms of the safe storage and transportation of *** proposed solution to this problem is the utilization of methanol on-line steam reforming technology for hydrogen *** this paper,an integrated system for in-situ steam reforming of fuel coupled with proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC)power generation is proposed,and sensitivity analysis and exergy sensitivity analysis are *** the gradual utilization of waste heat and the integration of the system,fuel consumption is reduced and the power generation efficiency of the system is *** the design operating conditions,the power generation efficiency and exergy efficiency of the system are achieved at 44.59%and 39.70%,*** study presents a proven method for the efficient integration of fuel thermochemical conversion for hydrogen production with fuel cells for power generation,highlighting the advantages of complementary utilization of methanol steam reforming and PEMFC.

关键词： methanol steam reforming to produce hydrogen proton exchange membrane fuel cell waste heat utilization sensitivity analysis heat integration

Impact of pressure on gas-solid hydrodynamics of Geldart B and D particles in a pressurized bubbling fluidized bed:A CFD-DEM study

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Particuology 2025年第1期96卷 328-340页

作者： Xiaoli Zhu Zhixin Shi Guosheng Song Yuehuan Li Haigang Wang Raffaella Ocone Zhenbo Wang College of New Energy China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China The 41st institute of the Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science&Industry Corp Hohhot010010China institute of engineering thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghEH144ASUK

Pressurized fluidized beds have gained considerable interest in industrial applications due to their superior performance and efficiency compared to atmospheric fluidized beds. However, the mechanisms through which pressure influences the hydrodynamic behavior of different particle types remain insufficiently explored, hindering the scale-up, optimization, and broader adoption of this technology. To address this gap, CFD-DEM simulations were performed on a pseudo-2D pressurized bubbling fluidized bed using Geldart B and D particles. The effects of pressure, particle size, and initial bed height on key flow characteristics, including minimum fluidization velocity, particle dynamics (i.e., particle velocity and volume fraction distribution), and bubble behavior (i.e., bubble diameter, aspect ratio, density) were comprehensively examined. Results showed that the minimum fluidization velocity decreases with increasing pressure and increases with particle size, with greater sensitivity at lower pressures. Higher pressures lead to smaller bubble diameters, higher bubble aspect ratios, and denser bubble populations, resulting in concentrated particle distribution in the lower bed and more uniform radial dispersion. In contrast, larger particles create fewer, larger bubbles or slugs, and increase the overall bed height. These high-fidelity simulations offer valuable insights for optimizing the performance of pressurized fluidized beds in industrial processes.

关键词： CFD-DEM Pressurized bubbling fluidized bed Minimum fluidization velocity Particle dynamics Bubble behavior