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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2025年第2期23卷 234-244页

作者： Mengjia Liu Tingting Luo Rongxian Li Wenying Yin Fengying Yang Di Ge Na Liu School of biological science and Technology University of Jinan

Diabetic retinopathy, a prevalent and vision-threatening microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, is the leading cause of blindness among middle-aged and elderly *** diterpenoids isolated from Siegesbeckia pubescens demonstrate potent anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to identify novel bioactive diterpenoids from S. pubescens and investigate their effects on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in diabetic retinopathy, both in vitro and in vivo. Three new ent-pimarane-type diterpenoids(1–3) and six known compounds(4–9) were isolated from the aerial parts of S. pubescens. Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic data interpretation, and absolute configurations were determined by comparing calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism(ECD) spectra. Among these compounds, 14β,16-epoxy-ent-3β,15α,19-trihydroxypimar-7-ene(5) exhibited the most potent protective effect against high glucose and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)-stimulated human retinal endothelial cells. Mechanistically, compound 5 promoted endothelial cell survival while ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammatory response in diabetic retinopathy, both in vivo and in vitro. These findings not only suggest that diterpenoids such as compound 5 are important anti-inflammatory constituents in S. pubescens, but also indicate that compound 5 may serve as a lead compound for preventing or treating vascular complications associated with diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy Inflammatory response Natural diterpenoid Oxidative stress Siegesbeckia pubescens

Prominent cycling reversibility and kinetics enabled by CaTiO_(3) protective layer on Zn metal for aqueous Zn-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 245-258页

作者： Gaeun Lee Yong Nam Ahn Seongjoon So Chanwoo Park Jong-Seong Bae Taehyun Park Il Tae Kim Jaehyun Hur School of Chemical Biologicaland Battery EngineeringGachon UniversitySeongnamGyeonggi 13120Republic of Korea Busan Center Korea Basic Science InstituteBusan 46742Republic of Korea

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) have received considerable attention owing to their various advantages such as safety,low cost,simple battery assembly conditions,and high ionic ***,they still suffer from serious problems,including uncontrollable dendrite growth,corrosion,hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from water decomposition,electrode passivation,and unexpected *** creation of a uniform artificial nanocrystal layer on the Zn anode surface is a promising strategy for resolving these ***,we propose the use of a perovskite CaTiO_(3)(CTO) protective layer on Zn(CTO@Zn) as a promising approach for improving the performance of *** CTO artificial layer provides an efficient pathway for Zn ion diffusion towards the Zn metal because of the high dielectric constant (εr=180) and ferroelectric characteristics that enable the alignment of dipole moments and redistribute the Zn^(2+)ions in the CTO *** avoiding the direct contact of the Zn anode with the electrolyte solution,the uneven dendrite growth,corrosion,parasitic side reactions,and HER are mitigated,while CTO retains its mechanical and chemical robustness during ***,CTO@Zn demonstrates an improved lifespan in a symmetric cell configuration compared with bare ***@Zn shows steady overpotential (~68 m V) for 1500 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)/0.5 mA h cm^(-2),excelling bare ***,when paired with the V_(2)O_(5)-C cathode,the CTO@Zn//V_(2)O_(5)-C full battery delivers 148.4 mA h g^(-1)(based on the mass of the cathode) after 300 *** study provides new insights into Zn metal anodes and the development of high-performance AZIBs.

关键词： CaTiO_(3) Artificial layer Dielectric constant Znmetal anode Zinc aqueous battery

Molecular-based porous polymers with precise sites for photoreduction of carbon dioxide

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 201-213页

作者： Wei-Jia Wang Kaihong Chen College of biological and Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhou 310023China The institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversitySuzhou 215163China

Photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is one of the promising strategies for sustainably producing solar *** precise identification of catalytic sites and the enhancement of photocatalytic CO_(2)conversion is imperative yet quite *** critical review summarizes recent advances in porous photo-responsive polymers,including covalent organic frameworks(COFs),covalent triazine frameworks(CTFs),and conjugated microporous polymers(CMPs),those can be rationally designed from the molecular level for visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO_(2)***,special emphasis is placed on how the well-defined active sites on these polymers can influence their properties and photocatalytic *** precise regulation and control of microenvironments and electronic properties of metal active centers are crucial for boosting catalytic efficiency and selectivity,as well as for the design of better photocatalysts for CO_(2)reduction.

关键词： Carbon dioxide reduction Photocatalysis Porous polymers Well-defined catalytic sites Molecular level

In situ formed fluorescent gold nanoclusters inhibit hair follicle regeneration in oxidative stress microenvironment via suppressing NFκB signal pathway

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 284-288页

作者： Xiangdong Lai Tengfei Liu Zengchao Guo Yihan Wang Jiang Xiao Qingxiu Xia Xiaohui Liu Hui Jiang Xuemei Wang State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University

Skins expose to kinds of risk factors for damage, such as the hormone drugs, skin care products and ultraviolet radiation, which is accompanied by the production of excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)and eventually leads to hypertrichosis. This skin disease is not aesthetically pleasing and even causes psychological and spiritual problems such as inferiority, anxiety and irritability. Current therapies are limited and often unsatisfactory, such as pharmacological and physical therapies, which have adverse effects and cause the irreversible destruction of hair follicles. Gold nanoclusters have good biocompatibility and their biosynthesis in vivo is responsive to oxidative stress microenvironment(OSM), which could be a safe and effective drug for ROS-induced skin injury. In our study, we demonstrated that zero valence fluorescent gold nanoclusters(FGNCs) were in situ biosynthesized in the plucking-induced damaged skin but not in the normal skin after the administration of gold precursors(+3), while FGNCs inhibited hair follicle regeneration by negatively regulating nuclear transcription factor kappa B(NFκB)-mediated inflammatory response signaling pathway(NFκB/tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) axis). This OSM-responsive in situ biosynthesis method is facile and safe and holds great promise for curing hypertrichosis associated with skin dermatitis and injury.

关键词： Fluorescent gold nanoclusters Hair follicle regeneration Oxidative stress microenvironment Reactive oxygen species Skin injury

Selective activation of dioxygen to singlet oxygen over La-Si co-doped TiO_(2)microspheres for photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第5期151卷 594-607页

作者： Shuaitao Li Haodi Liu Xun Hu Yanfen Fang Xiaofeng Cao Qifeng Chen School of Materials science&Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China College of biological and Pharmaceutical sciences China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China Technical institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs)are highly harmful to human beings and other organisms,and thus the elimination of VOCs is extremely ***,La-Si co-doped TiO_(2)microsphere photocatalysts,which were prepared by a hydrothermal method,exhibited high photocatalytic activity in the decomposition of formaldehyde compared with TiO_(2).The improved activity can be attributed to the promoted separation efficiency and density of the charge carriers,as verified by the electrochemical results in combination with density functional theory *** addition,the Si dopant changed the microstructure and surface acidity,while the addition of La promoted the separation efficiency of charge *** interestingly,it was found that singlet oxygen was the key species in the activation of molecular dioxygen,and it played a pivotal role in the photocatalytic decomposition of *** work provides a novel strategy for the selective activation of dioxygen for use in the decomposition of formaldehyde.

关键词： Dioxygen molecular activation La-Si co-doped TiO_(2)microspheres Formaldehyde degradation Photocatalysis

Unlocking the stable interface in aqueous zinc-ion battery with multifunctional xylose-based electrolyte additives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 770-778页

作者： Xiaoqin Li Jian Xiang Lu Qiu Xiaohan Chen Yinkun Zhao Yujue Wang Qu Yue Taotao Gao Wenlong Liu Dan Xiao Zhaoyu Jin Panpan Li institute for Advanced Study Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106SichuanChina School of Mechanical Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106SichuanChina College of Food and biological Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106SichuanChina institute of Fundamental and Frontier sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731SichuanChina College of Materials science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina

The growth of dendrites and the side reactions occurring at the Zn anode pose significant challenges to the commercialization of aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs). These challenges arise from the inherent conflict between mass transfer and electrochemical kinetics. In this study, we propose the use of a multifunctional electrolyte additive based on the xylose(Xylo) molecule to address these issues by modulating the solvation structure and electrode/electrolyte interface, thereby stabilizing the Zn anode. The introduction of the additive alters the solvation structure, creating steric hindrance that impedes charge transfer and then reduces electrochemical kinetics. Furthermore, in-situ analyses demonstrate that the reconstructed electrode/electrolyte interface facilitates stable and rapid Zn^(2+)ion migration and suppresses corrosion and hydrogen evolution reactions. As a result, symmetric cells incorporating the Xylo additive exhibit significantly enhanced reversibility during the Zn plating/stripping process, with an impressively long lifespan of up to 1986 h, compared to cells using pure ZnSO4electrolyte. When combined with a polyaniline cathode, the full cells demonstrate improved capacity and long-term cyclic stability. This work offers an effective direction for improving the stability of Zn anode via electrolyte design, as well as highperformance AZIBs.

关键词： Aqueous Zn-ion battery Electrolyte additive Solvation structure Electrode/electrolyte interface Zn anode

Constraints on what controls millennial-scale basin-wide denudation across mountain belts,Asia

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science China Earth sciences 2025年第1期68卷 74-93页

作者： Ye YANG Steven A.BINNIE Sheng XU Cong-Qiang LIU Tibor J.DUNAI institute of Surface-Earth System science School of Earth System ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China institute of Geology and Mineralogy University of CologneCologne50674Germany

The terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dataset consisting of 1233^(10)Be measurements of fluvial sediment samples across the Asian mountain belts is used to constrain the influence of climate,tectonics and topography on Earth-surface denudation processes.^(10)Be-derived basin-wide denudation rates were recalculated using a Monte Carlo simulation approach that relied on pixel-by-pixel production *** rates derived span four orders of magnitude,from 7.4±0.7 mm kyr^(-1)(1σ;Central Tibetan Plateau)to 9,646_(-744)^(+777)mm kyr^(-1)(1σ;Southern Tibetan Plateau),with a median of 186 mm kyr^(-1).Comparing our results with the traditional basin-wide production rate scaling model using a centroid coordinate and mean elevation,suggests that 96.6%of production rates will be underestimated using the latter method,especially for basins with a large *** bias between both methods reaches as large as 40%,caused by basin hypsometry and the nonlinear scaling of production rate with elevation and *** of the correlations between uniformly recalculated denudation rates and tectonics,climate,topography and rock lithology will facilitate the extrapolation of denudation rates in unknown basins using available *** the perspective of local scales,precipitation coupled with neotectonics-driven landslides is likely the most influential factor in subtropical Taiwan Island,while topography primarily constrains surface denudation rates in the eastern Tibetan Plateau within a narrow range of *** highland regions with glacier coverage,such as the Pamir,central and southern Tibetan Plateau high denudation rates are affected by glaciation,whereas lower precipitation and high erosion base level may limit river incision and evolving relief in the Central Tibetan *** contrast to local-scale findings highlighting a dominant factor constraining denudation rate,our large-scale quantitative analyses across the Asian mountain belts finds that(1)topographic

关键词： ^(10)Be-derived denudation rate Climate change Tectonic uplift Topographic gradient Asian mountains

Phytobiotics in poultry:revolutionizing broiler chicken nutrition with plant‑derived gut health enhancers

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 1-33页

作者： Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna Xinyu Chang Vivian U.Oleforuh‑Okoleh Patience N.Onu Haijun Zhang Kai Qiu Shugeng Wu National Engineering Research Center of biological Feed Institute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Animal science Rivers State UniversityPort HarcourtRivers StateNigeria Department of Animal science Ebonyi State UniversityAbakilikiEbonyi StateNigeria.

As the global population continues to expand,the demand for broiler chicken production to supply safe and high-quality meat is *** meet this ever-growing demand,broiler chickens with enhanced growth performance are being developed,but they often face challenges related to oxidative stress,which can adversely affect gut ***,which are plant-derived feed additives known for their antimicrobial,antioxidant,immune-modulating,and growth-promoting properties,have emerged as promising natural alternatives to synthetic *** review consolidates recent advancements in the use of phytobiotics-derived products from leaves,roots,seeds,flowers,and their extracts in broiler diets reared under standard experimental conditions,without the introduction of *** focus is on elucidating the key mechanisms through which phytobiotics improve gut health,includ-ing their effects on gut morphology,integrity,microflora composition,antioxidant capacity,and immune *** review highlights the potential of phytobiotics to revolutionize broiler nutrition by acting as natural enhancers of gut *** findings reveal that phytobiotics significantly improve intestinal health,and boost growth per-formance,offering a sustainable approach to managing to gut *** findings indicate a potential shift in how gut-health related challenges in broilers can be addressed,moving towards natural phytobiotic ***-ever,several challenges *** the dosage of phytobiotics,ensuring consistent performance,and over-coming the limitations related to their extraction and application are key areas requiring further *** review emphasizes the importance of continued research to refine phytobiotic formulations,explore synergistic effects,and incorporate advanced technologies such as AI-driven methods and precision nutrition to tailor feeding strategies more ***,the development of innovative delivery

关键词： Broilers Essential oils Gut health Herbs and spices Phytobiotics Plant extracts

Understanding thermal hysteresis of ferroelectric phase transitions in BaTiO_(3) with combined first-principle-based approach and phase-field model

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第2期34卷 454-461页

作者： Cancan Shao Houbing Huang Beijing institute of Technology Zhuhai Beijing Institute of TechnologyZhuhai 519088China School of Materials science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Advanced Research institute of Multidisciplinary science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Based on the principles of thermodynamics, we elucidate the fundamental reasons behind the hysteresis of spontaneous polarization in ferroelectric materials during heating and cooling processes. By utilizing the effective Hamiltonian method in conjuction with the phase-field model, we have successfully reproduced the thermal hysteresis observed in ferroelectric materials during phase transitions. The computational results regarding the electrocaloric effect from these two different computational scales closely align with experimental measurements. Furthermore, we analyze how the first-order ferroelectric phase transition gradually diminishes with an increasing applied electric field, exhibiting characteristics of second-order-like phase transition. By employing the characteristic parameters of thermal hysteresis, we have established a pathway for calculations across different computational scales, thereby providing theoretical support for further investigations into the properties of ferroelectric materials through concurrent multiscale simulations.

关键词： ferroelectric phase transition thermal hysteresis multiscale simulation effective Hamiltonian phase-field model

Gradient maturation experiment on hairs implies taphonomic changes in fossil hairs

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science China Earth sciences 2025年第1期68卷 62-73页

作者： Xin LI Yibo ZHOU Tao ZHAO Xingjian HE Yanhong PAN State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingCentre for Research and Education on Biological Evolution and Environment and Frontiers ScienceSchool of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China institute of Palaeontology Yunnan Key Laboratory of Earth System ScienceYunnan Key Laboratory for PalaeobiologyYunnan UniversityKunming650500China

Mammalian hair,as a key feature related to endothermy,physical protection,and camouflage,has a long geohistorical record that dates back even to the ***,the limited information on the taphonomy of hair hinders the understanding of its evolutionary significance in deep *** address this,we conducted taphonomic experiments to simulate the transformation process of black *** changes in the morphological structure,microscopic characteristics,and chemical composition of hair during the simulated fossilization process were documented by scanning electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,and Raman *** results revealed that damage to the morphology of hair began at a mild temperature(150–175℃),and hair transformed into a fluid-like mass at a relatively high temperature(200℃).In addition,the morphological structure of melanosomes had relatively greater preservation potential than keratins did,and the microscopic features of melanosomes were persistently *** Raman and FTIR spectra indicated that the characteristic melanin and keratin peaks changed as the temperature *** the chemical signals were not lost completely,the variations in the characteristic amide bands in the FTIR spectra indicate that the keratins severely degraded at high temperatures(>200℃),whereas the characteristic melanin bands in the Raman spectra suggested that melanin signals were still recognizable,even at high temperatures(>200℃).These results were confirmed by principal component analysis(PCA)and principal component analysis linear discriminant analysis(PCA–LDA).In addition,the Raman signals of all the samples in the simulated experiments were distinguished from the signals of common geological carbonaceous materials(humic acid),which suggested that Raman spectroscopy can be used to detect melanin in fossils.

关键词： Mammalian hair Melanin Keratin Fossilization Experimental taphonomy