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Constraints on the utilization of cereal straw in lactating dairy cows:A review from the perspective of systems biology

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animal nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 240-248页

作者： Bing Wang Huizeng Sun Diming Wang Hongyun Liu Jianxin Liu institute of Dairy Science MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of animal nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

Cereal straw,a human inedible crop byproduct,can be used as a roughage source in ***,the nutrition density and palatability are very low,limiting its efficient utilization in animal *** review aims to systematically provide an overview of the limitations of cereal straws,which is crucial for developing new strategies to enhance the efficient use of cereal straws by lactating dairy *** molecular biology makes it possible to comprehensively understand the limitations of using cereal straw as a roughage source in dairy cows by different techniques,e.g.,*** constraints for utilization of cereal straw and stover in lactating dairy cows include low contents of easily fermented carbohydrates(pectin)and essential amino acids(Met,Phe,and branched-chain amino acids),high content of lignin and silica,and low nutrient *** cause insufficient supply of the precursors for milk synthesis and result in increased loss of nutrients in feces and *** molecular mechanisms are revealed by multi-omics techniques,including changed amino acid and glucose metabolism,altered rumen microbial composition and function,and differential expression of miRNAs,mRNA,and protein in multi-organs that are associated with milk *** can be targets of approaches to improve the utilization of cereal straw by dairy *** addition,much attention should be given to the efficient countermeasures,including pretreatments by fibrolytic enzymes or steam explosion,dietary formulations such as supplement of pectin,methionine,and branched-chain amino acids,and feeding with other functional feedstuffs,which may improve the feeding and economic value of cereal straw for lactating dairy *** newly revealed functional genes(such as BAG3 in the rumen,PC in the liver,CSN1S2 in the mammary gland)and biomarkers(hippuric acid)as well as the integrative signaling and metabolic pathways(phenylalanine metabolism)related to the shortages

关键词： Amino acid metabolism Cereal straw Glucose utilization Metabolites Rumen microbiome

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Effect of fermented rapeseed meal on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,and intestinal health in growing pigs

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animal nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 420-429页

作者： Changyi Shuai Daiwen Chen Bing Yu Yuheng Luo Ping Zheng Zhiqing Huang Jie Yu Xiangbing Mao Hui Yan Jun He institute of animal nutrition Sichuan Agricultural UniversitySichuan ProvinceChengdu611130China Key Laboratory of animal Disease-resistant nutrition Sichuan ProvinceChengdu611130China

To explore the effects of fermented rapeseed meal(FRSM)on growth performance and intestinal health,a total of 30 growing pigs were randomly allotted to three treatments consisting of corn-soybean meal diet(CSD),rapeseed meal diet(RSD),and fermented rapeseed meal diet(FRSD).Results showed that compared with RSD,FRSD feeding increased the average daily gain and final body weight in pigs(P<0.01).Compared with RSD feeding,FRSD feeding elevated the apparent digestibility of crude protein,acid detergent fiber,and ether extract in pigs(P<0.01).Moreover,the FRSD group exhibited greater apparent ileal digestibility of His,Thr,Lys,and Ser than the RSD group(P<0.01).The digestible energy,metabolic energy,and nitrogen utilization were higher in the FRSD and CSD groups than in the RSD group(P<0.01).As compared to the RSD,FRSD feeding decreased the serum concentration of leptin but significantly increased the concentrations of immunoglobulin(Ig)A,IgG,ghrelin,and enzyme activities of amylase,lipase,and trypsin in the pancreas(P<0.05).Interestingly,the villus height,the ratio of villus height to crypt depth,and the activities of brush border enzymes(e.g.,maltase and sucrase)in the small intestine were higher in the CSD and FRSD groups than in the RSD group(P<0.05).As compared to the RSD,the FRSD feeding not only increased the expression level of the occludin in the small intestinal epithelium(P<0.05)but also elevated the expression levels of claudin-1,MUC1,and PepT1 genes in the duodenum,and elevated the expression levels of SGLT1 and CAT1 genes in the jejunum(P<0.05).Importantly,FRSD feeding significantly decreased the abundance of Escherichia coli,but increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and the content of butyrate in the cecum and colon(P<0.05).These results indicated that compared with rapeseed meal,fermented rapeseed meal exhibited a positive effect on improving the growth performance and intestinal health in growing pigs,and the results may also help develop novel protein

关键词： Fermented rapeseed meal Growing pigs Growth performance Nutrient digestibility Intestinal health

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Suitability of Hermetia illucens larvae meal and fat in broiler diets:effects on animal performance,apparent ileal digestibility,gut histology,and microbial metabolites

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1386-1401页

作者： Kristina Hartinger Katharina Froschl Marco Antonio Ebbing Barbara Bruschek-Pfleger Karl Schedle Christiane Schwarz Martin Gierus Department of Agrobiotechnology Institute of Animal NutritionLivestock Productsand Nutrition PhysiologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria

Background:The possibility of partially replacing soybean meal(SBM)with Hermetia illucens(HI)defatted larvae meal in broiler nutrition has frequently been *** sustainability reasons,however,the larvae fat produced during defatting should also be used and could be particularly beneficial regarding gut health due to its fatty acid *** evaluate the suitability of HI larvae as protein and fat source,a 2×3 factorial arrangement with two types of protein,***(S)or SBM and 15%of its crude protein replaced by HI larvae meal(L),and three levels of fat sources,namely 0(0 L),50%(50 L)or 100%HI larvae fat(100 L)at the expense of soybean oil was ***:In the starter phase,an interaction showed higher body weight(BW),average daily gain(ADG)and improved feed conversion ratio(FCR)if 50%or 100%HI larvae fat was fed with HI larvae ***,BW,ADG and FCR improved when feeding HI larvae meal as protein ***,we observed an increased average daily feed intake in the grower,finisher,and overall phase in the L groups and an improved FCR in 0 L compared to 50 L groups during the overall *** apparent ileal digestibility,HI larvae meal feeding increased dry matter,organic matter,and fat *** HI larvae meal as protein source decreased the concentrations of agmatine,spermidine,spermine and ammonia in the caecal digesta,whereas fat source affected agmatine with higher concentrations in 50 L compared to 0 L in the colonic *** contrast,caecal ethanolamine concentrations increased in HI larvae meal groups compared to *** butyric acid concentrations decreased with HI larvae meal *** interaction was found for the jejunal villus area,being higher in L+100 L compared to S+100 ***,L groups had greater villus ***:A partial replacement of SBM with HI larvae meal and soybean oil with HI larvae fat in broiler diets without impairing animal performance or gut health seems possible

关键词： Broiler chicken Hermetia illucens Larvae fat Larvae meal Lauric acid Microbial metabolites Performance

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Calcium supplementation in low nutrient density diet for meat ducksimproves breast meat tenderness associated with myocyte apoptosisand proteolytic changes

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animal nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 49-59页

作者： Huaiyong Zhang Quifeng Zeng Shiping Bai Jianping Wang Xuemei Ding Yue Xuan Zhuowei Su Joris Michiels Keying Zhang institute of animal nutrition Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Chin1Ministry of EducationSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China College of animal Science and Technology Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450002China Laboratory for animal nutrition and animal Product Quality Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent UniversityGhent9000Belgium

To define the relationship between dietary nutrient density, calcium (Ca), and meat quality in meatducks. A total of 288 male Cherry Valley SM3 medium ducklings were fed a common standard starter dietuntil d 14. At 15 d of age, ducks were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups and fed either a conventionaldiet or a low nutrient density (LND) diet. Compared with the conventional diet, the energy wasreduced in the LND diet by 8.6% and 16.8% in grower (15 to 35 d) and finisher (36 to 56 d) phases,respectively, while other essential nutrients were kept proportionate to energy. The LND diet decreasedthe shear force (P < 0.05) and increased the lightness values of the pectoralis muscle when compared tothe conventional diet, suggesting that LND diet exerted a beneficial role in meat quality. Subsequently,the effects of grated Ca in the LND diet on meat quality of pectoralis muscle were evaluated. A total of 576male ducklings were fed a common starter diet until d 14, followed by feeding 4 LND diets with 0.5%,0.7%, 0.9%, and 1.1% Ca. The results show that LND diets with 0.7% or more Ca decreased the shear force ofpectoralis major muscle in 42-d-old meat ducks (P < 0.05). To explore the mechanism underlying Ca andtenderness, data from birds fed either 0.5% or 1.1% Ca in the LND diet indicated that birds fed 1.1% Caexhibited lower shear force, upregulated calpains 1 expression, and higher calpains activity compared tothose fed the LND diet with 0.5% Ca (P < 0.05). Moreover, the 1.1% Ca LND diet induced a higher myocyteapoptosis (P =0.06) and upregulated mRNA expression of caspase-3 (P =0.07) in breast muscle. Our datasuggest that LND diets with 0.9% or 1.1% Ca had a positive role in the tenderness of breast meat,particularly the enhancing effect of 1.1% Ca LND diet on tenderness seems to be associated with proteolyticchanges of myofibrillar proteins and myocyte apoptosis in meat ducks.

关键词： Nutrient density Ca Tenderness Meat duck

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维普期刊数据库

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Carotenoid enrichment in eggs:From biochemistry perspective

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animal nutrition 2023年第3期14卷 315-333页

作者： Dieudonne M.Dansou Huiyan Zhang Yanan Yu Hao Wang Chaohua Tang Qingyu Zhao Yuchang Qin Junmin Zhang State Key Laboratory of animal nutrition and Feeding Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

The emergence of safe and functional eggs for consumer acceptance has gained *** production of carotenoid-enriched eggs has received attention due to its multifunctional biological *** modification of laying hens’diet can be a strategy to produce such *** review presents the chemistry of carotenoids in nature and eggs,the accumulation process of carotenoids into eggs,and the functions of carotenoids in *** findings showed that carotenoids can be deposited into the egg and contribute to improving its nutritive *** biosynthesis,chemical structure,and metabolism pathways of carotenoids lead to the deposition of carotenoids into eggs in their original or metabolized ***,some factors modulate the efficiency of carotenoids in fowls before accumulation into ***-enriched eggs may be promising,ensuring the availability of highly nutritive ***,further studies are still needed to comprehend the full metabolism process and the extensive functions of carotenoids in eggs.

关键词： Egg enrichment Egg fortification Carotenoid chemistry Bioavailability Metabolism Function

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Feedomics provides bidirectional omics strategies between genetics and nutrition for improved production in cattle

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animal nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 314-319页

作者： Xiaohan Liu Yifan Tang Jiajin Wu Jian-Xin Liu Hui-Zeng Sun institute of Dairy Science MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Increasing the efficiency and sustainability of cattle production is an effective way to produce valuable animal proteins for a growing human *** and nutrition are the 2 major research topics in selecting cattle with beneficial phenotypes and developing genetic potentials for improved *** is an inextricable link between genetics and nutrition,which urgently requires researchers to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms to optimize cattle *** integrates a range of omic techniques to reveal the mechanisms at different molecular levels related to animal production and health,which can provide novel insights into the relationships of genes and nutrition/*** this review,we summarized the applications of feedomics techniques to reveal the effect of genetic elements on the response to nutrition and investigate how nutrients affect the functional genome of cattle from the perspective of both nutrigenetics and *** highlighted the roles of rumen microbiome in the interactions between host genes and ***,we discuss the importance of feedomics in cattle nutrition research,with a view to ensure that cattle exhibit the best production traits for human consumption from both genetic and nutritional aspects.

关键词： Cattle Feedomics Nutrigenetics Nutrigenomics Rumen microbiome Production

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Dietary calcium requirements of broilers fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet from 1 to 21 days of age

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 1163-1174页

作者： Shiping Bai Yunfeng Yang Xuelian Ma Xiudong Liao Runlian Wang Liyang Zhang Sufen Li Xugang Luo Lin Lu Mineral nutrition Research Division State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Poultry Mineral nutrition Laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225000China institute of animal nutrition Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Department of animal Science Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China Department of animal Science Hebei Normal University of Science and TechnologyQinhuangdao 066004China.

Background:The current calcium(Ca)recommendation for broilers is primarily based on studies conducted more than 30 years ago with birds of markedly different productive potentials from those which exist *** the response indicators in these studies are mainly growth performance and bone ash ***,the present study was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary Ca level on growth performance,serum parameters,bone characteristics and Ca metabolism-related gene expressions,so as to estimate dietary Ca requirements of broilers fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet from 1 to 21 days of ***:A total of 4201-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly assigned to 1 of 7 treatments with 6 replicates(10 birds per cage)and fed the corn-soybean meal diets containing 0.60%,0.70%,0.80%,0.90%,1.00%,1.10%or 1.20%Ca for 21 *** diet contained the constant non-phytate phosphorus content of about 0.39%.Results:The average daily gain decreased linearly(P<0.001)as dietary Ca level *** serum and tibia alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activities,tibia bone mineral density(BMD),middle toe BMD,tibia ash percentage,tibia breaking strength,and tibia ALP protein expression level were affected(P<0.05)by dietary Ca level,and showed significant quadratic responses(P<0.02)to dietary Ca *** estimates of dietary Ca requirements were 0.80 to 1.00%based on the best fitted broken-line or quadratic models(P<0.03)of the above serum and bone parameters,***:The results from the present study indicate that the Ca requirements would be about 0.60%to obtain the best growth rate,and 1.00%to meet all of the Ca metabolisms and bone development of broilers fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet from 1 to 21 days of age.

关键词： Bone characteristic Broiler Calcium Gene expression Requirement

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Dietary supplementation of ferrous glycinate improves intestinal barrier function by modulating microbiota composition in Cherry Valley ducks

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animal nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 264-275页

作者： Haihua Yu Yueqin Xie Bing Wu Hua Zhao Xiaoling Chen Gang Tian Guangmang Liu Jingyi Cai Gang Jia institute of animal nutrition Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of EducationSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan611130China Chelota Group Guanghan618300China

Ferrous glycinate(Fe-Gly)has been increasingly used as iron fortification in the diets of weaned piglets and broilers,but the effect of Fe-Gly on intestinal barrier function in meat ducks has not been well *** study therefore investigated the effect of Fe-Gly on apparent nutrient utilization,hematological indices,intestinal morphological parameters,intestinal barrier function and microbial composition in meat ducks.A total of 672 one-day-old Cherry Valley ducks were randomly divided into 6treatments(8 replicates for each treatment and 14 ducks for each replicate)and fed diets with 0(control),30,60,90 and 120 mg/kg Fe-Gly or 120 mg/kg Fe SO4for 35 *** results showed that diets supplemented with Fe-Gly significantly increased average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),hematocrit(HCT),mean cell volume(MCV),the apparent utilization of dry matter(DM)and metabolizable energy(ME),villus height(VH)and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio(V:C)(P<0.05).FeGly also significantly up-regulated barrier-related genes including zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),zonula occludens-2(ZO-2),mucin 2(MUC2)and lysozyme(LYZ)(P<0.05),and down-regulated the m RNA expression of claudin-2(CLDN2)and occludin(OCLN)in the jejunum(P<0.05).The 16S r RNA sequence analysis indicated that the diet with Fe-Gly had a higher relative abundance of Intestinimonas and Romboutsia(P<0.05),which have an ability to produce short chain fatty acids(SCFAs),especially butyric *** also decreased the relative abundance of pathobiont,including Megamonas,Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group and Plebeius(P<0.05).Additionally,diets supplemented with 120 mg/kg Fe-Gly significantly increased the apparent utilization of DM and ME(P<0.05)and decreased the relative abundance of Megamonas_unclassified and Bacteroides_unclassified compared with those fed120 mg/kg Fe SO4(P<0.05).These results revealed that diets supplemented with Fe-Gly exerted a potent beneficial effect on physical,chemical,immune and microbial ba

关键词： Ferrous glycinate Bacterial microbiome Barrier function Cherry Valley duck

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Effective protective agents against the organ toxicity of T-2 toxin and corresponding detoxification mechanisms:A narrative review

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animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 251-266页

作者： Pengju Wang Lv-hui Sun Xu Wang Qinghua Wu Aimei Liu Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy Medicine Research InstituteXianning Medical CollegeHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437100China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues(HZAU)and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China College of Life Science Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025China

T-2 toxin is one of the most widespread and toxic fungal toxins in food and *** can cause gastrointestinal toxicity,hepatotoxicity,immunotoxicity,reproductive toxicity,neurotoxicity,and nephrotoxicity in humans and animals.T-2 toxin is physicochemically stable and does not readily degrade during food and feed ***,suppressing T-2 toxin-induced organ toxicity through antidotes is an urgent *** agents against the organ toxicity of T-2 toxin have been recorded widely in the literature,but these protective agents and their molecular mechanisms of detoxification have not been comprehensively *** this review,we provide an overview of the various protective agents to T-2 toxin and the molecular mechanisms underlying the detoxification *** appropriate targets to antagonize T-2 toxin toxicity is also an important *** review will provide essential guidance and strategies for the better application and development of T-2 toxin antidotes specific for organ toxicity in the future.

关键词： T-2 toxin Organ toxicity Protective agent Detoxification mechanism

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Exopolysaccharides of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ameliorate Salmonella typhimurium-induced intestinal inflammation via the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第4期14卷 1501-1513页

作者： Jinze Li Qiuke Li Qianhui Wu Nan Gao Zhihua Wang Yang Yang Anshan Shan institute of animal nutrition Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030P.R.China

Background Salmonella typhimurium(S.T),as an important foodborne bacterial pathogen,can cause diarrhea and gastroenteritis in humans and *** studies have confirmed that exopolysaccharides(EPSs)have various biological functions,but the mechanism through which EPSs improve the immunity of animals against the invasion of pathogenic bacteria is ***,we explored the protective effect of EPSs of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG(LGG)on the S.T-infected *** Mice received adequate food and drinking water for one week before the start of the *** 7 d of prefeeding,2×108 CFU/mL S.T solution and an equivalent volume of saline(control group)were given orally for 1 *** the fourth day,the mice were treated with 0.5 mg/mL EPSs,1.0 mg/mL EPSs,2.0 mg/mL EPSs,or 2.0 mg/mL penicillin for 7 ***,the body and relative organ weight,histological staining,and the levels of antioxidant enzyme activity and inflammatory cytokines were *** The S.T-infected mice exhibited symptoms of decreased appetite,somnolence,diarrhea and flagging *** with EPSs and penicillin improved the weight loss of the mice,and the high dose of EPSs showed the best therapeutic *** significantly ameliorated S.T-induced ileal injury in ***-dose EPSs were more effective than penicillin for alleviating ileal oxidative damage induced by *** mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines in the ileum of mice showed that the regulatory effects of EPSs on inflammatory cytokines were better than those of *** could inhibit the expression and activation of key proteins of the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway and thereby suppress the level of S.T-induced ileal *** EPSs attenuate S.T-induced immune responses by inhibiting the expression of key proteins in the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling ***,EPSs could promote bacterial aggregation into clusters,which may be a potential strategy for reducing the bacterial invasion of

关键词： Exopolysaccharides Lactobacillus rhamnosus Salmonella typhimurium TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK

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