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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 71-81页

作者： Cong Xu Hanshen Zhu Haokuang Liu Cheng Ji Jie Yuan Guanlin Li Jidong Wang Yongchun Zhang National agricultural Experimental Station for agricultural environment LuheInstitute of Agricultural Resources and EnvironmentJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing210014China School of the environment and Safety Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China

Pattern and mitigation potential of crop-specific fertilizer-N losses were *** showed high fertilizer-N losses due to high N application rates and low ***,SOC,and soil pH are key parameters affecting fertilizer-N *** a given application rate,soils with higher SOC have lower fertilizer-N *** N rate combined with SOC improvement could cut 34.8%-59.6%of N losses.

关键词： fertilizer-nitrogen loss crop-specific 15N tracing soil organic carbon meta-analysis

Nutrients and organic matter in the surface sediment of a submerged macrophyte zone in a eutrophic lake: Implications for lake management

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第3期37卷 307-316页

作者： Jiancai Deng Xin Lu Weiping Hu Zhihong Xu State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences institute of agricultural resources and environment Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences environmental Futures Research institute Griffith University

Little is known about the distribution and risk levels of nutrients and organic matter(OM) in the surface sediment of shallow submerged macrophyte-dominated lakes. In the current study, sixty surface sediment samples were collected from Xukou Bay, a typical submerged macrophyte-dominated zone in Lake Taihu, China. A 60-day degradation experiment of Potamogeton malaianus, a dominant species in the bay,was done in the laboratory. The results demonstrated that the ranges of total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP), alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(AN), available phosphorus(AP), and OM in the surface sediment of the bay were 262.2-2,979.6 mg/kg, 41.2-728.7 mg/kg, 8.6-150.0 mg/kg, 4.4-36.4 mg/kg,and 3.7-50.2 g/kg, respectively. The spatial distributions of TN, OM, and AN concentrations showed similar trends: The highest concentrations were present in the northeastern and southwestern zones,while the TP and AP concentrations were high in the northeastern, central, and southwestern zones. The heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of nutrients and OM in the surface sediment of the bay was associated with aquatic vegetation and anthropogenic activities. The comprehensive risk index and organic nitrogen index revealed that the surface sediment was moderately, interactively contaminated by TN and TP and by organic nitrogen. TN and OM in the northeastern zone were mainly derived from endogenous residues due to the decomposition of aquatic plants, while TN in the southwestern zone was primarily derived from agricultural wastewater. Consequently, targeted measures should be implemented to reduce TN and OM in the surface sediment of macrophyte-dominated lakes.

关键词： Total nitrogen Total phosphorus Surface sediment Submerged macrophyte-dominated zone Eutrophic lake

Research and implementation of a universal workflow model to evaluate the soil fertility based on OGC Web Service

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2018年第4期21卷 346-357页

作者： Yan Ren Jiaying Chen Lankang Chen Haitao Zhang Ke Zhang Land Surveying and Mapping institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region NanningChina College of resources and environment Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina

A method based on workflow technology and Open Geospatial Consortium(OGC)specification is proposed to establish a universal workflow conceptual model in the network *** this paper,the soil fertility evaluation conceptual model was developed as an evaluation method of soil fertility by analyzing the GIS-based fertility evaluation method and extracting the dynamic variable to verify the feasibility *** validation process involves determining the instantiation of the conceptual *** proposed conceptual model achieved the following *** data acquisition and processing functions were packaged into an OGC-compliant service model;these service models were organized into a processing chain in a certain order on the workflow platform by Petri-Net;the fertility evaluation was realized on the workflow platform by calling the processing *** showed that processing functions and data can be shared in the network environment,and the network workflow model can be realized by the workflow *** successful implementation of fertility evaluation proved the feasibility of the network-based universal workflow conceptual *** addition,the flexibility of our modeling method is demonstrated by reconstructing the workflow model.

关键词： OGC Web Service conceptual model workflow fertility evaluation

Periphyton response to nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment in a eutrophic shallow aquatic ecosystem

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2013年第1期31卷 59-64页

作者：张修峰梅雪英 Department of Ecology and institute of Hydrobiology of Jinan University institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of resources and environment Anhui Agricultural University

We examined changes in biomass and species dominance of periphyton in response to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment in 12 mesocosms representing eutrophic aquatic ecosystems. The 100-L mesocosms consisted of lake water and pond sediment, and N and P were applied weekly. Periphyton samples were taken to assess the biomass (as estimated by the concentration of chlorophyll a (chl a)) and to determine which species were dominant. The mean periphyton biomass (chl a) in the P-enriched treatment did not differ from that in the control group, but increased with N enrichment. Compared with that in the control group, the chl a concentration increased with N+P enrichment in the early stages of the experiment, but decreased in the later stages. The decline in periphyton biomass at the later stages of the experiment was due to limited light availability, which resulted from the increased phytoplankton density in the experiment. The nutrient enrichment treatments resulted in changes in the dominant algal species in the periphyton, suggesting that various algal species showed different responses to different nutrients. The results of this study have implications for nutrient management in aquatic ecosystems.

关键词： periphyton eutrophic nutrients aquatic ecosystem

Distribution of Cu and Pb in particle size fractions of urban soils from different city zones of Nanjing, China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2006年第3期18卷 482-487页

作者： WANG Huan-hua LI Lian-qing WU Xin-min PAN Gen-xing institute of resources Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China Chizhou Junior Teachers College Chizhou 247100 China

Soil samples from 4 defined city zones of Nanjing were randomly collected at 0-5 cm and 5-20 cm intervals and size fractions of soil particles were separated from undisturbed bulk soils by low energy dispersion procedure. The total contents of Cu and Pb in the different particle size fractions of the urban soils were analyzed by HNO3-HF-HClO4 digestion and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer determination. The total content of Cu and Pb in soil particle size fractions varied with their size and with city zones as well. Both the content and variation with the size fractions of Pb was bigger than of Cu supporting our previous finding that there was Pb pollution to different degrees in the urban soils although the two elements were generally enriched in clay-sized fraction. Contaminated Pb tended to be preferentially enriched in the size fraction of 2000-250 μm and clay-sized fraction. While the size fractions of the soils from newly developed and preserved area contained smaller amount of Cu and Pb, the partitioning of them in coarse and fine particle size fractions were insignificant compared to that from inner residence and commercial area. The very high Pb level over 150 mg/kg of the fine particle fractions from the soils of the inner city could be a cause of high blood Pb level reported of children from the city as acute exposure to Pb of fine particles of the urban soil might occur by soil ingestion and inhalation by young children. Thus, much attention should be paid to the partitioning of toxic metals in fine soil particles of the urban soils and countermeasures against high health risk of Pb exposure by soil ingestion and dust inhalation should be practiced against the health problem of blood Pb for young children from the cities.

关键词： urban soil city zone soil contamination particle size fraction heavy metals lead health risk

Ichnofabrics and Their environmental Interpretation from the Fluvial Deposits of the Middle Triassic Youfangzhuang Formation in Western Henan, Central China

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Journal of Earth Science 2014年第4期25卷 648-661页

作者： Min Wang Yongan Qi Da Li Mingyue Dai Yuguang Chang institute of resources and environment Henan Polytechnic University

Fluvial deposits from the Middle Triassic Youfangzhuang Formation in Henan Province, China contain a low-diversity trace fossils. Vertical dwelling burrows of opportunists dominate in active channel, whereas horizontal deposit-feeding, grazing, and vertical dwelling burrows occur in overbank deposits. Seven recurrent ichnofabrics were distingushed. The Palaeophycus tubularis ichnofabric pre- serves below scour interface between two fluvial cycles. The Skolithos linearis ichnofabric forms in middle to high-energy, soft substrates in the middle and upper parts of active channel deposits under semi-arid climate. The Skolithos linearis-Planolites montanus ichnofabric occurs in the sediments just a little above the Skolithos linearis ichnofabric and is formed in middle-energy, soft substrates in the up- per part of active channel deposits. The Planolites montanus ichnofabric is mostly preserved in associa- tion with medium- to thick-bedded brown-red silty mudstones or siltstones in low-energy, perennial muddy bottom ponds in overbank settings. The Taenidium barretti ichnofabric is interpreted as peri- odically exposed ephemeral ponds or low-energy distal floodplain. The Skolithos isp. ichnofabric com- monly occurs in middle to high-energy firm ground of proximal foodplain or crevasse-splay deposits. The root trace iehnofabric occurs in the crevasse splay deposits. The presence of thin palaeosols and the abundance of calcretization in mudstones indicate a seasonal climate ranging from humid to semi-arid, with high temperature, rainfall, and well-defined dry and wet seasons.

关键词： trace fossil ichnofabric fluvial deposit environmental interpretation Middle Triassic Youfangzhuang Formation.

HASM quantum machine learning

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第9期66卷 1937-1945页

作者： Tianxiang YUE Chenchen WU Yi LIU Zhengping DU Na ZHAO Yimeng JIAO Zhe XU Wenjiao SHI State Key Laboratory of resources and environment Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Yanqi Lake Beijing institute of Mathematical Sciences and Applications Beijing 101408China College of resources and environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101499China College of Land resources and environment Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China

The miniaturization of transistors led to advances in computers mainly to speed up their *** miniaturization has approached its fundamental ***,many practices require better computational resources than the capabilities of existing ***,the development of quantum computing brings light to solve this *** briefly review the history of quantum computing and highlight some of its advanced *** on current studies,the Quantum Computing Advantage(QCA)seems *** challenge is how to actualize the practical quantum advantage(PQA).It is clear that machine learning can help with this *** method used for high accuracy surface modelling(HASM)incorporates reinforced machine *** can be transformed into a large sparse linear system and combined with the Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd(HHL)quantum algorithm to support quantum machine *** has been successfully used with classical computers to conduct spatial interpolation,upscaling,downscaling,data fusion and model-data assimilation of ecoenvironmental ***,a training experiment on a supercomputer indicates that our HASM-HHL quantum computing approach has a similar accuracy to classical HASM and can realize exponential acceleration over the classical algorithms.A universal platform for hybrid classical-quantum computing would be an obvious next step along with further work to improve the approach because of the many known limitations of the HHL *** addition,HASM quantum machine learning might be improved by:(1)considerably reducing the number of gates required for operating HASM-HHL;(2)evaluating cost and benchmark problems of quantum machine learning;(3)comparing the performance of the quantum and classical algorithms to clarify their advantages and disadvantages in terms of accuracy and computational speed;and(4)the algorithms would be added to a cloud platform to support applications and gather active feedback from users

关键词： Quantum computing Machine learning Eco-environmental surface High accuracy surface modelling Quantum computational advantage Practical quantum advantage

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Influence of furfural concentration on growth and ethanol yield of Saccharomyces kluyveri

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2007年第12期19卷 1528-1532页

作者： LU Peng CHEN Li-jun Li Guo-xue SHEN Shi-hua WANG Li-li JIANG Qi-yang ZHANG Jin-feng College of resources and environment China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

Furfural is an important inhibitor in ethanol fermentation process using lignocellulosic hydrolysates as raw materials. In order to find out the furfural concentration range in which furfural inhibits the fermentation process, we used one strain Saccharomyces kluyveri selected from soil and cultured in several different furfural content media under low glucose concentration condition. Experiment results showed that microorganism growth was stimulated and dry cell weight decreased when furfural concentration in the medium was 0.25 mg/ml. Furfural had negative effect on cell growth when its concentration was above 1.00 mg/ml. At the same time, the strain growed better and had a higher glucose consumption rate in 5% original glucose concentration condition than in 3% original glucose concentration condition. The results showed that appropriate exaltation of original glucose concentration in stalk hydrolysates will increase the strain resistance to furfural.

关键词： furfural concentration Saccharomyces kluyveri fermentation growth ethanol yield

PM_(2.5)and water-soluble inorganic ion concentrations decreased faster in urban than rural areas in China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第12期34卷 83-91页

作者： Yangyang Zhang Aohan Tang Chen Wang Xin Ma Yunzhe Li Wen Xu Xiaoping Xia Aihua Zheng Wenqing Li Zengguo Fang Xiufen Zhao Xianlong Peng Yuping Zhang Jian Han Lijuan Zhang Jeffrey L.Collett Jr Xuejun Liu Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Analysis and Testing Center Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Fujian institute of Tobacco agricultural Sciences Fuzhou 350003China College of resources and environment Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China College of resources and environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHaerbin 150030China College of resources and environment Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources UseHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China College of resources and environment Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA

We investigated variations of PM_(2.5)and water-soluble inorganic ions chemical characteristics at nine urban and rural sites in China using ground-based *** 2015 to 2019,mean PM_(2.5)concentration across all sites decreased by 41.9μg/m~3with a decline of 46%at urban sites and 28%at rural sites,where secondary inorganic aerosol(SIAs)contributed to 21%(urban sites)and 17%(rural sites)of the decreased PM_(2.5).SIAs concentrations underwent a decline at urban locations,while sulfate(SO_(4)^(2–)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(–)),and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))decreased by 49.5%,31.3%and 31.6%,***,only SO_(4)^(2–)decreased at rural sites,NO_(3)^(–)increased by 21%and NH_(4)^(+)decreased *** changes contributed to an overall SIAs increase in *** molar ratios of NO_(3)^(–)to SO_(4)^(2–)and NH_(4)^(+)to SO_(4)^(2–)were observed at urban sites than rural sites,being highest in the heavily polluted *** molar ratios of NH_(3)/NH_xwere higher in 2019 than 2015 at both urban and rural sites,implying increasing NH_xremained as free NH_(3).Our observations indicated a slower transition from sulfate-driven to nitrate-driven aerosol pollution and less efficient control of NO_(x)than SO_(2)related aerosol formation in rural regions than urban ***,the common factor at urban and rural sites appears to be a combination of lower SO_(4)^(2–)levels and an increasing fraction of NO_(3)^(–)to PM_(2.5)under NH_(4)^(+)-rich *** findings imply that synchronous reduction in NO_(x)and NH_(3)emissions especially rural areas would be effective to mitigate NO_(3)^(–)-driven aerosol pollution.

关键词： PM_(2.5) Nitrate Ammonium Sulfate Air pollutant emission Pollution mitigation

A highly effective polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium,Paracoccus ***-2,shows opposite remediation potential in two soil types

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Pedosphere 2022年第5期32卷 673-685页

作者： Wei CHEN Ying TENG Wenjie REN Yongming LUO Yao YU Key Laboratory of Soil environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210018(China) institute of agricultural resources and environment Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014(China) School of resources and environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009(China)

Bioaugmentation is an efficient and eco-friendly strategy for the bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs).Since the degrading abilities of soils can greatly alter the abilities of PAH-degrading bacteria,illustrating the potential and mechanism of highly efficient degrading bacteria in different soil environments is of great importance for bioremediation.A PAH-degrading bacterium,Paracoccus aminovorans HPD-2,and two soil types,red and paddy soils,with distinct PAH-degrading abilities,were selected for this study.A soil microcosm experiment was performed by adding pyrene(PYR)and benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P).Illumina sequencing was used to examine bacterial community *** results showed that inoculation with HPD-2 significantly elevated PYR and B[a]P degradation rates by 44.7%and 30.7%,respectively,in the red soil,while it only improved the degradation rates by 1.9%and 11%,respectively,in the paddy *** investigate the underlying mechanism,the fate of strain HPD-2 and the response of the indigenous bacterial communities were *** HPD-2 occupied certain niches in both soils,and the addition of the bacterium changed the native community structure more noticeably in the red soil than in the paddy *** addition of PAHs and strain HPD-2 significantly changed the abundances of 7 phyla among the 15 detected phyla in the red *** the paddy soil,5 of the 12 dominant phyla were significantly affected by PAHs and the inoculation of HPD-2,while 6new phyla were detected in the low-abundance phyla(<0.1%).The abundances of Massilia,Burkholderia,and Rhodococcus genera with PAH degradation efficiency were significantly increased by the inoculation of HPD-2 in the red soil during 42 d of ***,in the paddy soil,the most dominant effective genus,Massilia,was reduced by HPD-2 *** research revealed the remediation ability and inherent mechanism of the highly effective PAH-degrading strain HPD-2 in two different soil type

关键词： bacterial inoculation benzo[a]pyrene bioremediation organic contaminant paddy soil Paracoccus aminovorans pyrene red soil