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Variability of urban fractional vegetation cover and its driving factors in 328 cities in China

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 466-482页

作者： Fei FENG Xin YANG Baoquan JIA Xiaoting LI Xianwen LI Chengyang XU Kaicun WANG Research Centre of Urban Forestry Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland AdministrationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China Research institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing100091China School of Architecture Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Sino-French Institute for Earth System ScienceInstitute of Carbon NeutralityPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

Urban green space promotes the health of urban residents,enhances urban ecosystem biodiversity,mitigates environmental pollution,and attenuates urban heat island ***,urban vegetation cover is highly heterogeneous and difficult to *** this study,the variation of urban fractional vegetation cover(FVC)in 328 cities in China from 1990 to2022 was quantified based on Landsat satellite data at a 30-m *** was found that from 1990 to 2005,due to increases in building density and impervious surfaces in cities,the national mean urban vegetation cover decreased from 0.38 to ***2005,urban vegetation cover began to reverse,reaching 0.45 in *** increasing trend was most pronounced in newly built urban *** decrease in average urban vegetation cover before 2005 was mainly due to the expansion of low vegetation cover areas,while the increase in urban vegetation cover after 2005 manifested as the expansion of high vegetation cover *** reversal in the trend of urban vegetation cover change after 2004 is related to the gradual implementation of national policies requiring increased urban green space *** urban gross domestic product(GDP)showed the highest correlation with changes in urban vegetation *** large and medium-sized cities,the top three factors influencing vegetation cover were GDP,urban population,and ***,for cities in arid/semi-arid regions,changes in vegetation cover were more sensitive to climatic factors(such as precipitation).Although the urban vegetation cover in China has substantially increased in recent years,the urban green space in small-sized cities and in the old urban districts of large-sized cities still have room to improve.

关键词： Urban vegetation Urban vegetation cover Urbanization Remote sensing

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Metabolomic Analysis of the Anthocyanins Associated with Different Colors of Cymbidium goeringii in Guizhou, China

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1455-1466页

作者： Dongbo Wu Shuang Qu Lianwen Shen Shengqun Chen Xia Jiang Ai Rao Yuxue Zhao Yueyun Wang College of Pharmacy Guizhou University of Traditional Chines MedicineGuiyang550025China Research institute of Juglans Regia Guizhou Academy of ForestryGuiyang550005China Guizhou Liping Rocky Desertification ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Qiandongnan Prefecture556200China

Cymbidium goeringii is an economically important ornamental plant,and flower color is one of the main features of *** that contributes to its high economic *** clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of anthocyanins in mediating differences in color among varieties,liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used to perform anthocyanin-targeted metabolomics of seven *** varieties,including‘Jin Qian Yuan’(JQY),‘Jin Xiu Qian Yuan’(JXQY),‘Miao Jiang Su Die’(MJSD),‘Qian Ming Su’(QMS),‘Shi Chan’(SC),and‘Yang Ming Su’(YMS),as well as the *** detected 64 anthocyanins,including cyanidins,delphinidins,malvidins,pelargonidins,peonidins,petunidins,procyanidins,and *** identified six shared differentially accumulated metabolites(DAMs),including cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside,delphinidin-3-Osophoroside,pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside,peonidin-3-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside),peonidin-3-Osophoroside,and *** DAMs were enriched in the anthocyanin biosynthesis *** Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that the differentially expressed metabolites were significantly enriched in the anthocyanin biosynthesis *** of the content of differentially expressed metabolites indicated that peonidin-3-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside)was the key metabolite underlying color differences among *** *** B2,pelargonidin-3-O-galactoside,and naringenin might also affect the color formation of JQY and QMS,SC,and MJSD,*** results of this study shed light on the metabolic mechanism underlying flower color differences in *** at the molecular *** findings will aid future studies of the mechanism of flower color regulation in *** and have implications for the breeding of new varieties.

关键词： Cymbidium goeringii ﬂower color anthocyanins metabolomics

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Characteristics and drivers of the soil multifunctionality under different land use and land cover types in the drylands of China

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 99-110页

作者： SONG Boyi ZHANG Shihang LU Yongxing GUO Hao GUO Xing WANG Mingming ZHANG Yuanming ZHOU Xiaobing ZHUANG Weiwei College of Life Sciences Xinjiang Normal UniversityUrumqi830054China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China Xinjiang Field Scientific Observation Research Station of Tianshan Wild Fruit Forest ecosystem Ili Botanical GardenXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesIli844900China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The drylands of China cover approximately 6.6×106 km2 and are home to approximately 5.8×10^(8)people,providing important ecosystem services for human survival and ***,dryland ecosystems are extremely fragile and sensitive to external environmental *** use and land cover(LULC)changes significantly impact soil structure and function,thus affecting the soil multifunctionality(SMF).However,the effect of LULC changes on the SMF in the drylands of China has rarely been *** this study,we investigated the characteristics of the SMF changes based on soil data in the 1980s from the National Tibetan Plateau Data *** explored the drivers of the SMF changes under different LULC types(including forest,grassland,shrubland,and desert)and used structural equation modeling to explore the main driver of the SMF *** results showed that the SMF under the four LULC types decreased in the following descending order:forest,grassland,shrubland,and *** main driver of the SMF changes under different LULC types was mean annual temperature(MAT).In addition to MAT,pH in forest,soil moisture(SM)and soil biodiversity index in grassland,SM in shrubland,and aridity index in desert are crucial factors for the SMF ***,the SMF in the drylands of China is regulated mainly by MAT and pH,and comprehensive assessments of the SMF in drylands need to be performed regarding LULC *** results are beneficial for evaluating the SMF among different LULC types and predicting the SMF under global climate change.

关键词： Soil multifunctionality(SMF) Land use and land cover(LULC)changes Structural equation modeling(SEM) Climate change Dryland ecosystems

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Stand dynamics of old-growth hemlock forests in central Bhutan are shaped by natural disturbances

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Forest ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 434-447页

作者： Karma Tenzin Craig R.Nitschke Kathryn J.Allen Raphael Trouve Thiet V.Nguyen Patrick J.Baker School of Agriculture Foodand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of Melbourne500 Yarra BlvdRichmondVictoriaAustralia School of Geography Planningand Spatial SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaSandy BayTasmaniaAustralia Forest Science institute of South Vietnam 1 Pham Van Hai StreetTan Binh DistrictHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam

Understanding how past disturbances have influenced the development of forests is critical for deciphering their current structure and composition and forecasting future *** this study,dendrochronological methods were applied to uncover the disturbance history of old-growth hemlock-dominated forests in central *** of tree-ring samples from two old-growth hemlock stands,located in two different topographic settings,identified the importance of gap-phase dynamics in facilitating recruitment and growth releases and producing complex,multi-aged structure s over *** site showed evidence of a near stand-replacing disturbance in the late 1700s,while the other showed no evide nce of high-severity disturbance at any time over the last 400 *** both sites low-to medium-severity disturbances,some of which appear to be associated with cyclones originating in the Bay of Bengal,dominated the disturbance *** hemlock stands exhibited a significant positive association between cyclone occurrence and growth release events and between recruitment pulses and growth release *** 1800 to 1970 there was an increase in recruitment of angiosperm tree species at most sites and a corresponding decline in conifer *** the past 50 years there has been little new recruitment;this may be due to light limitation in the understory from shade-tolerant angiosperms and bamboo in the lower strata of these *** variations in disturbance dynamics and recruitment were observed across the study sites,suggesting that other factors,such as topography and climate,may be influencing long-term stand development *** study highlights the complex interplay between historical disturbance regimes and tree recruitment in shaping the age and size structures of old-growth hemlock forests in central *** also provides new insights into the dynamics of these forests that can be used to support effective forest conservation and management i

关键词： Forest structure Hemlock forest Himalaya Natural disturbance

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Tree mycorrhizal associations determine how biodiversity,large trees,and environmental factors drive aboveground carbon stock in temperate forests

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Forest ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 448-456页

作者： Yue Chen Zikun Mao Jonathan A.Myers Jinghua Yu Xugao Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Key Laboratory of Terrestrial ecosystem Carbon Neutrality Shenyang110016China Department of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMissouriUSA

biodiversity,large trees,and environmental conditions such as climate and soil have important effects on forest carbon ***,recent studies in temperate forests suggest that the relative importance of these factors depends on tree mycorrhizal associations,whereby large-tree effects may be driven by ectomycorrhizal(EM)trees,diversity effects may be driven by arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)trees,and environment effects may depend on differential climate and soil preferences of AM and EM *** test this hypothesis,we used forest-inventory data consisting of over 80,000 trees from 631 temperate-forest plots(30 m×30 m)across Northeast China to examine how biodiversity(species diversity and ecological uniqueness),large trees(top 1%of tree diameters),and environmental factors(climate and soil nutrients)differently regulate aboveground carbon stocks of AM trees,EM trees,and AM and EM trees combined(*** aboveground carbon stock).We found that large trees had a positive effect on both AM and EM tree carbon ***,biodiversity and environmental factors had opposite effects on AM *** tree carbon ***,the two components of biodiversity had positive effects on AM tree carbon stocks,but negative effects on EM tree carbon *** heterogeneity(mean annual temperature and soil nutrients)also exhibited contrasting effects on AM and EM tree carbon ***,for the total carbon stock,the positive large-tree effect far surpasses the diversity and environment *** is mainly because when integrating AM and EM tree carbon stock into total carbon stock,the opposite diversity-effect(also environment-effect)on AM *** tree carbon stock counteracts each other while the consistent positive large-tree effect on AM and EM tree carbon stock is *** summary,this study emphasized a mycorrhizal viewpoint to better understand the determinants of overarching aboveground carbon profile across regional forests.

关键词： biodiversity Ecological uniqueness Environment heterogeneity Large trees Mycorrhizal associations Tree carbon stock

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Divergent driving mechanisms of community temporal stability in China's drylands

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第4期20卷 237-246页

作者： Kai Wang Cong Wang Bojie Fu Jianbei Huang Fangli Wei Xuejing Leng Xiaoming Feng Zongshan Li Wei Jiang State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Max Planck institute for Biogeochemistry Hans-Kn€oll-Str.1007745JenaGermany Key Laboratory of ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Shaanxi Yan'an Forest ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Beijing100085China National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Xi'an710061China

Climate change and anthropogenic activities are reshaping dryland ecosystems globally at an unprecedented pace,jeopardizing their *** stability of these ecosystems is crucial for maintaining ecological balance and supporting local ***,the mechanisms governing their stability are poorly understood,largely due to the scarcity of comprehensive field *** we show the patterns of community temporal stability and its determinants across an aridity spectrum by integrating a transect survey across China's drylands with remote *** results revealed a U-shaped relationship between community temporal stability and aridity,with a pivotal shift occurring around an aridity level of *** less arid areas(aridity level below 0.88),enhanced precipitation and biodiversity were associated with increased community productivity and ***,in more arid zones(aridity level above 0.88),elevated soil organic carbon and biodiversity were linked to greater fluctuations in community productivity and reduced *** study identifies a critical aridity threshold that precipitates significant changes in community stability in China's drylands,underscoring the importance of distinct mechanisms driving ecosystem stability in varying aridity *** insights are pivotal for developing informed ecosystem management and policy strategies tailored to the unique challenges of dryland conservation.

关键词： Dryland ecosystems Community stability ecosystem management Species richness Aridity threshold

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Past climate and vegetation in Southeast Bulgaria——a study based on the late Miocene pollen record from the Tundzha Basin

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2019年第1期8卷 43-67页

作者： Dimiter Ivanov Maria Lazarova institute of biodiversity and ecosystem Research Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

The results of palynological studies on the late Miocene freshwater deposits of the Tundzha Basin(Southeast Bulgaria, SE Europe) are presented. The basin is relatively well known in terms of geology and *** age of sediments in the Tundzha Basin ranges between the late Miocene to the Pliocene, based on mammal and diatom fossils. We carried out a palynological analysis of clayey sediments interlayered with coal beds from four cores and from one outcrop, aiming to obtain information about the composition and the structure of fossil vegetation. The ratios between the main floristic elements and the composition of the fossil flora are analysed and discussed from a palaeoecological point of view. Several main vegetation palaeocommunities were recorded:swamp forests, mixed mesophytic, communities of aquatic plants, and herbaceous palaeocoenoses. The changes in vegetation and in plant diversity are identified. The palaeoclimate analysis indicates a warm temperature climate with high rainfall and mild winter temperatures, without seasonal drier conditions. The early Pontian climate was about 3–4 ℃ warmer than today, with rainfalls per year at least 300 mm higher than today. The results of palaeoecological analysis of the flora and of the quantitative palaeoclimate data show that the climate in the Southeast Bulgaria indicates a climate change towards slight cooling and some drying. This event is consistent with the period of accumulation of the upper, undivided part of the Elhovo Formation.

关键词： Palynology Palaeobotany Coexistence approach Neogene Tundzha Basin Bulgaria

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Predicting changes in the suitable habitats of six halophytic plant species in the arid areas of Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第10期16卷 1380-1408页

作者： YANG Ao TU Wenqin YIN Benfeng ZHANG Shujun ZHANG Xinyu ZHANG Qing HUANG Yunjie HAN Zhili YANG Ziyue ZHOU Xiaobing ZHUANG Weiwei ZHANG Yuanming College of Life Sciences Xinjiang Normal University/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation andRegulatory Biology/Key Laboratory of Special Environment Biodiversity Application and Regulation in Xinjiang/KeyLaboratory of Plant Stress Biology in Arid LandUrumqi 830054China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in AridLandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang Institute of Ecology andGeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Field Scientific Observation Research Station of Tianshan Wild Fruit Forest ecosystem Yili Botanical GardenXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesXinyuan 835800China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Biological Sciences University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA College of Ecology and Environment Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017China College of Resources and Environment/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes Xinjiang AgriculturalUniversityUrumqi 830052China College of Grassland Science Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China

In the context of changes in global climate and land uses,biodiversity patterns and plant species distributions have been significantly *** salinization is a growing problem,particularly in the arid areas of Northwest *** are ideal for restoring soil salinization because of their adaptability to salt *** this study,we collected the current and future bioclimatic data released by the WorldClim database,along with soil data from the Harmonized World Soil Database(v1.2)and A Big Earth Data Platform for Three *** the maximum entropy(MaxEnt)model,the potential suitable habitats of six halophytic plant species(Halostachys caspica(Bieb.)***.,Halogeton glomeratus(Bieb.)***.,Kalidium foliatum(Pall.)Moq.,Halocnemum strobilaceum(Pall.)Bieb.,Salicornia europaea L.,and Suaeda salsa(L.)Pall.)were assessed under the current climate conditions(average for 1970-2000)and future(2050s,2070s,and 2090s)climate scenarios(SSP245 and SSP585,where SSP is the Shared Socio-economic Pathway).The results revealed that all six halophytic plant species exhibited the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values higher than 0.80 based on the MaxEnt model,indicating the excellent performance of the MaxEnt *** suitability of the six halophytic plant species significantly varied across regions in the arid areas of Northwest *** different future climate change scenarios,the suitable habitat areas for the six halophytic plant species are expected to increase or decrease to varying *** global warming progresses,the suitable habitat areas of ***,***,and *** exhibited an increasing *** contrast,the suitable habitat areas of ***,***,and *** showed an opposite ***,considering the ongoing global warming trend,the centroids of the suitable habitat areas for various halophytic plant species would migrate to different degrees,and four halophytic plant species,namely,S.

关键词： halophytes climate change global warming maximum entropy(MaxEnt)model soil salinization suitable habitats Northwest China

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Combining video and GPS-tracking to study the spatial foraging distribution of a single-prey loading seabird

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Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 316-325页

作者： Ruben C.Fijn Wouter Courtens Bas W.R.Engels Emiel E.van Loon Judy Shamoun-Baranes Waardenburg Ecology Deparonent of Bird EcologyCulemborgthe Netherlands University of Amsterdam Insnitute for Biodiversity and Ecoasystem DymaomicsAmsterdamthe Netherlands Research Insitute for Nature and Forest(INBO) BrusselsBcgium

Seabirds are valuable indicators of marine ecosystem processes and studying seabird diets can shed light on natural or human-induced variability in food-web *** single-prey loading seabird species such as terns have the potential to act as visual sentinels of prey availability ***,obtaining diet information from remote bird colonies is often challenging and time *** this pilot study we present a novel approach to combine two established methods to study seabird foraging ecology,providing a powerful and cost-effective tool to study the distribution of prey items available to *** combined GPS tracking data of Sandwich Terns(Thalasseus sandvicensis)with prey-observations from a hide in 2012 and 2013,and from semicontinuously recorded camera footage in *** doing so,we identified 115 approximate catch locations of prey(86 herring/sprat Clupeidae,29 sandeel Ammodytidae).Combining GPS-data and prey observations yielded detailed knowledge on the movements and chick diets of tracked birds as well as the spatial origin and lengths of captured prey *** catch distances of both Clupeidae and Ammodytidae resulted in deliveries of larger prey items and thus higher energy yield per trip,but also a higher energy expenditure per *** discuss the limitations and potential of our methodological approach to study foraging energetics during chick-provisioning of seabirds that carry prey items visible in their beaks.

关键词： Diet Digitalfilm Geo-referencing Non-invasive monitoring Provisioning Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis

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Health risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in groundwater of a karst basin,SW China

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 49-61页

作者： Fu-ning Lan Yi Zhao Jun Li Xiu-qun Zhu Karst ecosystem National Observation and Research StationPingguo 531406GuangxiChina institute of Karst Geology International Research Centre on KarstUnder the Auspices of UNESCOGuangxi Karst Resources and Environment Research Center of Engineering TechnologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesKarst Dynamics LaboratoryMNR and GuangxiGuilin 541004China Hebei Key Laboratory of Water Quality Engineering and Comprehensive Utilization of Water Resources Hebei University of ArchitectureZhangjiakou 075000Hebei ProvinceChina College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

To investigate the presence of metal elements and assess their health risk for the populace in the Nandong Underground River Basin(NURB),we conducted an analysis of eleven common heavy metals in the water body.A Health risk assessment(HRA)model was employed to analyze 84 water samples from the *** detection results revealed the following order of heavy metals concentrations:Fe>Al>Mn>Zn>As>Cd>Pb>Cr>Ni>Cu>*** analysis indicated a certain similarity in material source and migration transformation among these eleven metal *** study identified that the health risks for local residents exposed to metal elements in the water of NURB primarily stem from carcinogenic risk(10^(−6)–10^(−4)a^(−1))through the drinking water ***,the health risk of heavy metal exposure for children through drinking water was notably higher than for *** maximum health risks of Cr in both underground and surface water exceeded the recommendation standard(5.0×10^(−5)a^(−1))from ICRP,surpassing the values recommended by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency,the Dutch Ministry of Construction and Environment and the British Royal Society(5.0×10^(−6)a^(−1)).The results of the health risk assessment indicate that Cr in the water of NURB is the primary source of carcinogenic risk for local residents,followed by Cd and ***,it is imperative to control these three carcinogenic metals when the water was used as drinking water resource.

关键词： Water Pollution Correlation Analysis Toxicity of Heavy Metal Elements Underground River Basin Carcinogenicity Potential

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