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B-cell and antibody responses to SArS-CoV-2:infection,vaccination,and hybrid immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 144-158页

作者： Dennis Lapuente Thomas H.Winkler Matthias Tenbusch institut für klinische und molekulare Virologie Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergSchlossgarten 491054 ErlangenGermany Department of Biology Division of GeneticsNikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular MedicineFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)ErlangenGermany Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen Friedrich-Alexander-Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergSchlossplatz 191054 ErlangenGermany

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SArS-CoV-2)in 2019 prompted scientific,medical,and biotech communities to investigate infection-and vaccine-induced immune responses in the context of this pathogen.B-cell and antibody responses are at the center of these investigations,as neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)are an important correlate of protection(COP)from infection and the primary target of SArS-CoV-2 vaccine *** addition to absolute levels,nAb longevity,neutralization breadth,immunoglobulin isotype and subtype composition,and presence at mucosal sites have become important topics for scientists and health policy *** recent pandemic was and still is a unique setting in which to study de novo and memory B-cell(MBC)and antibody responses in the dynamic interplay of infection-and vaccine-induced *** also provided an opportunity to explore new vaccine platforms,such as mrNA or adenoviral vector vaccines,in unprecedented cohort *** with the technological advances of recent years,this situation has provided detailed mechanistic insights into the development of B-cell and antibody responses but also revealed some unexpected *** this review,we summarize the key findings of the last 2.5 years regarding infection-and vaccine-induced B-cell immunity,which we believe are of significant value not only in the context of SArS-CoV-2 but also for future vaccination approaches in endemic and pandemic settings.

关键词： SArS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies memory responses vaccines IgG4

Biomaterial engineering strategies for modeling the Bruch's membrane in age-related macular degeneration

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2626-2636页

作者： Blanca Molins Andrea rodríguez Víctor Llorenç Alfredo Adán Group of Ocular Inflammation:Clinical and Experimental Studies Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques AgustíPi I Sunyer(IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia(ICOf) Hospital Clínic BarcelonaSpain

Age-related macular degeneration,a multifactorial inflammatory degenerative retinal disease,ranks as the leading cause of blindness in the ***,there is a scarcity of curative therapies,especially for the atrophic advanced form of age-related macular degeneration,likely due to the lack of models able to fully recapitulate the native structure of the outer blood retinal barrier,the prime to rget tissue of age-related macular *** in vitro systems rely on 2D monocultures unable to adequately reproduce the structure and function of the outer blood retinal barrier,integrated by the dynamic interaction of the retinal pigment epithelium,the Bruch's membrane,and the underlying *** Bruch's membrane provides structu ral and mechanical support and regulates the molecular trafficking in the outer blood retinal barrier,and therefo re adequate Bruch's membrane-mimics are key for the development of physiologically relevant models of the outer blood retinal barrie *** the last years,advances in the field of biomaterial engineering have provided novel approaches to mimic the Bruch's membrane from a variety of *** review provides a discussion of the integrated properties and function of outer blood retinal barrier components in healt hy and age-related macular degeneration status to understand the requirements to adequately fabricate Bruch's membrane biomimetic ***,we discuss novel materials and techniques to fabricate Bruch's membrane-like scaffolds for age-related macular degeneration in vitro modeling,discussing their advantages and challenges with a special focus on the potential of Bruch's membrane-like mimics based on decellularized tissue.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration Bruch's membrane decellularization retinal pigment epithelium scaffold

Microplastics and microbiota:Unraveling the hidden environmental challenge

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2191-2194页

作者： Jean Demarquoy Universitéde Bourgogne Institut Agro-DijonDijon 21000France

This editorial explores the intricate relationship between microplastics(MPs)and gut microbiota,emphasizing the complexity and environmental health *** gut microbiota,a crucial component of gastrointestinal health,is examined in the context of potential microbial degradation of ***,dysbiosis induced by MPs emerges as a consensus,disrupting the balance of gut microbiota and decreasing *** mechanisms triggering dysbiosis,including physical interactions and chemical composition,are under *** research addresses the consequences of MPs on immune function,nutrient metabolism,and overall host *** bidirectional relationship between MPs and gut microbiota has significant implications for environmental and human *** uncertainties,MPs negatively impact gut microbiota and *** research is essential to unravel the complex interactions and assess the long-term consequences of MPs on both environmental and human well-being.

关键词： Microplastics Microbiota Gut Dysbiosis

functional trait composition of carabid beetle communities predicts prey suppression through both mass ratio and niche complementarity mechanisms

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 562-574页

作者： Abdelhak rouabah francoise Lasserre-Joulin Sylvain Plantureux Simon Taugourdeau Bernard Amiaud Universite de Loraine INRAELAENancyF-54000France UMr SELMET CIRADINRAEInstitut AgroUniversite de MontpellierMontpellier34000France CIrAD UMR SELMET-PPZSDakarSéenegal UMr Siva Universitéde LorraineAgroParisTechINRAEVandoeuvreLes Nancy54506France

Several components of predator functional diversity have been hypothesized to influence prey suppression through either niche complementarity or mass ratio ***,most studies have used a functional group approach when assessing the role of these predators in ecosystem *** adopting a trait-based approach,we evaluated the relative contributions of carabid diversity components in predicting prey *** results highlight the importance of both taxonomic and functional diversity components of carabids as key drivers of prey *** suppression was best predicted by carabid densities,with the dominance of Poecilus cupreus potentially driving the positive effect of community total abundance through the mass ratio *** suppression increased with increasing the density of large *** addition,carabid eye diameter and antennal length were key functional traits for predicting prey ***,prey suppression increased with increasing carabid functional richness following the niche complementarity *** contrast to functional richness,functional evenness and functional divergence of carabid communities were weakly correlated with prey *** identifying which diversity components of carabid communities contribute the most to increase prey suppression,our results can guide efforts aiming to predict the relationship between diversity of these predators and ecosystem functioning.

关键词： abundance distribution biological control body size ecosystem function functional richness predator-prey interactions

recent advances of metal fluoride compounds cathode materials for lithium ion batteries:a review

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Materials futures 2024年第3期3卷 1-27页

作者： Yanshen Gao Jiaxin Li Yumeng Hua Qingshan Yang rudof Holze Ewa Mijowska Paul K Chu Xuecheng Chen faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering West Pomeranian University of TechnologySzczecinPiastów Ave.42Szczecin 71-065Poland Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineeringand Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaPeople’s Republic of China Chemnitz University of Technology Institut für ChemieAG Elektrochemie09107 ChemnitzGermany

As the most successful new energy storage device developed in recent decades,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are ubiquitous in the modern ***,current commercial LIBs comprising mainly intercalated cathode materials are limited by the theoretical energy density which cannot meet the high storing energy demanded by renewable *** to intercalation-type cathode materials,low-cost conversion-type cathode materials with a high theoretical specific capacity are expected to boost the overall energy of *** the different conversion cathode materials,metal fluorides have become a popular research subject for their environmental friendliness,low toxicity,wide voltage range,and high theoretical specific *** this review,we compare the energy storage performance of intercalation and conversion cathode materials based on thermodynamic calculation and summarize the main *** common conversion-type cathode materials are described and their respective reaction mechanisms are *** particular,the structural flaws and corresponding solutions and strategies are ***,we discussed the prospective of metal fluorides and other conversion cathode materials to guide further research in this important field.

关键词： lithium-ion batteries metal fluorides cathode materials conversion materials

recent progress and future prospects of high-entropy materials for battery applications

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第3期45卷 4-8页

作者： Wenbo Qiu Zidong Wang Shijiang He Huaping Zhao Yong Lei institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik Institut für Physik&IMN MacroNanoTechnische Universität IlmenauIlmenau98693Germany

Due to the energy crisis caused by limited fossil fuel reserves,extensive use of the renewable energy sources such as wind or solar energy is deemed to replace the use of traditional fossil fuels in the future^([1−3]).However,most renewable energy sources face the same problem,which is the intermittency of *** example,solar energy cannot be utilized at *** means the continuous energy demand required for large-scale power grids can’t be satisfied by a single solar panel model.

关键词： battery replace entropy

Minimal Legendrian surfaces in the tangent sphere bundle of r3

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第11期67卷 2607-2628页

作者： Mingyan Li Guofang Wang School of Mathematical Sciences Ocean University of China Mathematisches institut Albert-Ludwigs-Universit?t Freiburg

In this paper,we study minimal Legendrian surfaces Σ immersed in the tangent sphere bundle *** classify(1) totally geodesic Legendrian surfaces,(2) closed minimal Legendrian surfaces of genus smaller than or equal to 1 and complete minimal Legendrian surfaces with the non-negative Gauss curvature,and(3) complete stable minimal Legendrian surfaces.

关键词： 53C24 53C42 classification Legendrian surface stable minimal surface tangent sphere bundle

Small molecules to target tau amyloid aggregation

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第3期19卷 509-511页

作者： Zoe Manglano-Artuñedo Samuel Peña-Díaz Salvador Ventura institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain

Protein aggregation has been linked with many neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)or Parkinson’s *** belongs to a group of heterogeneous and incurable neurodegenerative disorders collectively known as *** comprise frontotemporal dementia,Pick’s disease,or corticobasal degeneration,among *** symptomatology varies with the specific tau protein variant involved and the affected brain region or cell ***,they share a common neuropathological hallmark-the formation of proteinaceous deposits named neurofibrillary *** tangles,primarily composed of aggregated tau(Zhang et al.,2022),disrupt normal neuronal functions,leading to cell death and cognitive decline.

关键词： tau degeneration aggregation

Two adjacent NLr genes conferring quantitative resistance to clubroot disease in Arabidopsis are regulated by a stably inherited epiallelic variation

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 148-162页

作者： Antoine Gravot Benjamin Lie gard Leandro Quadrana florian Veillet Yoann Aigu Tristan Bargain Juliette Benejam Christine Lariagon Jocelyne Lemoine Vincent Colot Maria J.Manzanares-Dauleux Melanie Jubault IGEPP institut Agro INRAEUniversitede Rennes35650 Le RheuFrance institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Superieure(IBENS) Ecole Normale SuperieureCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)Institut National de la Santeet de la Recherche Medicale(INSERM)75005 ParisFrance IGEPP INrAE Institut AgroUniversitede Rennes29260 PloudanielFrance Present address:Aix-Marseille University CEACNRSInstitute of Biosciences and BiotechnologiesBIAM Cadarache13108 Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance.

Clubroot caused by the protist Plasmodiophora brassicae is a major disease affecting cultivated *** a combination of quantitative trait locus(QTL)fine mapping,CrISPr-Cas9 validation,and extensive analyses of DNA sequence and methylation patterns,we revealed that the two adjacent neigh-boring NLr(nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat)genes AT5G47260 and AT5G47280 cooperate in controlling broad-spectrum quantitative partial resistance to the root pathogen *** in Arabidopsis and that they are epigenetically *** variation in DNA methylation is not associated with any nucleotide variation or any transposable element presence/absence variants and is stably ***-ations in DNA methylation at the Pb-At5.2 QTL are widespread across Arabidopsis accessions and corre-late negatively with variations in expression of the two *** study demonstrates that natural,stable,and transgenerationally inherited epigenetic variations can play an important role in shaping resistance to plant pathogens by modulating the expression of immune receptors.

关键词： methylation clubroot Plasmodiophora brassicae AT5G47260 AT5G47280 ADr1-L3 ddm1