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Analysis of forestry impacts and biodiversity in two Pyrenean forests through a comparison of moth communities （Lepidoptera, Heterocera）

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Insect Science 2007年第4期14卷 323-338页

作者： CArINE LUOUE CHArLES GErS JACQUES LAUGA NESTOr MArIANO Laboratoire Dynamique de la Biodiversit6 UMR5172CNRS/Universit6Paul SabatierToulouseFrance institut fur pharmazie und molekulare biotechnologie-abteilung biologie Universitat HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Evolution et Diversit6Biologique UMR 5174 CNRS/Universit6 Paul SabatierToulouseFrance CEAMISH-Universidad Aumnoma EstadoMorelos CuemavacaMorelosCP:62210 Mexico

We have compared the biodiversity variations in moth communities between unmanaged forests and commercial forests in a mountainous environment （Pyrenees france）. The aim was to evaluate the impact of forestry activities on moth diversity. The data collected from the insects were analysed with a Bayesian specific similarity index （noted SSP index） and by statistical biodiversity indexes comparison. It was seen that diversity and richness were decreased in the plantation compared to the unmanaged forest. Interestingly, the composition of the communities of moths was shown to be not only related to the presence/absence of host plants, but also to be in relation with changes in the differences in forest architecture （i.e. the relative coverage by the different vegetation levels）. However, the moth community in the commercial forest still has a high capacity to converge with the moth community present in more natural forests. We report here a list of 177 species of moths, providing information on the distribution of some uncommon species, poorly studied as yet in the Pyrenees.

关键词： biodiversity Lepidoptera Heterocera mountainous forest ecosystems

Predicting Arabidopsis freezing Tolerance and Heterosis in freezing Tolerance from Metabolite Composition

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 224-235页

作者： Marina Korn Tanja Gaetner Alexander Erban Joachim Kopka Joachim Selbig Dirk K. Hincha Max-Planck-lnstitut fur molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 1 D-14476 Potsdam Germany abteilung Bioinformatik Institut for Biochemie und Biologie Universit~t Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 D-14476 Potsdam Germany

Heterosis, or hybrid vigor, is one of the most important tools in plant breeding and has previously been dem- onstrated for plant freezing tolerance. freezing tolerance is an important trait because it can limit the geographical dis- tribution of plants and their agricultural yield. Plants from temperate climates increase in freezing tolerance during exposure to low, non-freezing temperatures in a process termed ＇cold acclimation＇. Metabolite profiling has indicated a major reprogramming of plant metabolism in the cold, but it has remained unclear in previous studies which of these changes are related to freezing tolerance. In the present study, we have used metabolic profiling to discover combinations of metabolites that predict freezing tolerance and its heterosis in Arabidopsis thaliana. We identified compatible solutes and, in particular, the pathway leading to raffinose as crucial statistical predictors for freezing tolerance and its heterosis, while some TCA cycle intermediates contribute only to predicting the heterotic phenotype. This indicates coordinate links between heterosis and metabolic pathways, suggesting that a limited number of regulatory genes may determine the extent of heterosis in this complex trait. In addition, several unidentified metabolites strongly contributed to the prediction of both freezing tolerance and its heterosis and we present an exemplary analysis of one of these, identifying it as a hexose conjugate.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress cold acclimation metabolomics bioinformatics biostatistics Arabidopsis.

Dissecting the Heat Stress response in Chlamydomonas by Pharmaceutical and rNAi Approaches reveals Conserved and Novel Aspects

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Molecular Plant 2013年第6期6卷 1795-1813页

作者： Stefan Schmollinger Miriam Schulz-raffelt Daniela Strenkert Daniel Veyel Olivier Vallon Michael Schroda molekulare biotechnologie und Systembiologie TU Kaiserslautern PauI-Ehrlich-Str. 23 D-67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Max-Planck-lnstitut for Ilolekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am MQhlenberg 1 D-14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany CEA-CNrS-Universite Aix Marseille Institut de Biolog~e Environnementale et Biotechnologie UMR 7265 CEA (:adarache F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance institut de biologie Physico-Chimique UMR 7141 CNRS/Universite Pierre et Marie Curie F-75005 Paris France

To study how conserved fundamental concepts of the heat stress response （HSr） are in photosynthetic eukaryotes, we applied pharmaceutical and antisense/amirNA approaches to the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The Chlamydomonas HSr appears to be triggered by the accumulation of unfolded proteins, as it was induced at ambient temperatures by feeding cells with the arginine analog canavanine. The protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine strongly retarded the HSr, demonstrating the importance of phosphorylation during activation of the HSr also in Chlamydomonas. While the removal of extracellular calcium by the application of EGTA and BAPTA inhibited the HSr in moss and higher plants, only the addition of BAPTA, but not of EGTA, retarded the HSr and impaired thermotoler- ance in Chlamydomonas. The addition of cycloheximide, an inhibitor of cytosolic protein synthesis, abolished the attenu- ation of the HSr, indicating that protein synthesis is necessary to restore proteostasis. HSP90 inhibitors induced a stress response when added at ambient conditions and retarded attenuation of the HSr at elevated temperatures. In addition, we detected a direct physical interaction between cytosolic HSP90A/HSP70A and heat shock factor 1, but surprisingly this interaction persisted after the onset of stress. finally, the expression of antisense constructs targeting chloroplast HSP70B resulted in a delay of the cell＇s entire HSr, thus suggesting the existence of a retrograde stress signaling cascade that is desensitized in HSP7OB-antisense strains.

关键词： heat shock factor unfolded protein response heat stress response inhibitor feeding Chlamydomonas rein-hardtii HSP90 HSP70 protein folding calcium geldanamycin canavanine.

Tricarbocyclic core formation of tyrosine-decahydrofluorenes implies a three-enzyme cascade with Xenf-mediated sigmatropic rearrangement as a prerequisite

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第11期11卷 3655-3664页

作者： Zhiguo Liu Wei Li Peng Zhang Jie fan fangbo Zhang Caixia Wang Shuming Li Yi Sun Shilin Chen Wenbing Yin institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China State Key Laboratory of Mycology CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic EngineeringInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Savaid Medical School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China institut für Pharmazeutische biologie und biotechnologie Fachbereich PharmaziePhilipps-Universitat MarburgMarburg 35037Germany

Tyrosine-decahydrofluorene derivatives feature a fused[6.5.6]tricarbocyclic core and a 13-membered para-cyclophane ***,we identified new xenoacremones A,B,and C(1-3)from the fungal strain Xenoacremonium sinensis ML-31 and elucidated their biosynthetic pathway using gene deletion in the native strain and heterologous expression in Aspergillus *** hybrid polyketide synthaseenonribosomal peptide synthetase(PKS-NrPS)XenE together with enoyl reductase XenG were confirmed to be responsible for the formation of the tyrosine-nonaketide *** skeleton was subsequently dehydrated by XenA to afford a pyrrolidinone *** catalyzed a novel sigmatropic rearrangement to yield a key cyclohexane intermediate as a prerequisite for the formation of the multi-ring *** oxidation catalyzed by XenD supplied the substrate for XenC to link the para-cyclophane ether,which underwent subsequent spontaneous Diels-Alder reaction to give the end ***,the results indicated that three novel enzymes Xenf,XenD,and XenC coordinate to assemble the[6.5.6]tricarbocyclic ring and para-cyclophane ether during biosynthesis of complex tyrosine-decahydrofluorene derivatives.

关键词： Tyrosine-decahydrofluorene Biosynthesis PKS-NrPS Xenoacremone Heterologous expression

Transcriptional Activation and Production of Tryptophan-Derived Secondary Metabolites in Arabidopsis roots Contributes to the Defense against the fungal Vascular Pathogen Verticillium Iongisporum

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Molecular Plant 2012年第6期5卷 1389-1402页

作者： Tim Iven Stefanie Konig Seema Singh Susanna A. Braus-Stromeyer Matthias Bischoff Lutz f. Tietze Gerhard H. Braus Volker Lipka Ivo feussner Wolfgang Droge-Laser Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg Julius-von-Sachs-lnstitut Pharmazeutische Biologie Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2 97082 Wurzburg Germany Georg-August-Universitat Albrecht-von-Haller-lnstitut fur Pflanzenwissenschaften Biochemie der Pflanze Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11 37077 GottingenGermany Georg-August-Universitat Institut for Mikrobiologie und Genetik Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Genetik Grisebachstr. 8 37077 Gottingen Germany Georg-August-Universitat Institut for Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie AG Tietze Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Gottingen Germany Georg-August-Universitat Schwann-Schleiden-Forschungszentrum for Molekulare Zellbiologie Abteilung Zellbiologie der Pflanze Julia-Lermontowa-Weg3 37077 Gottingen Germany

The soil-borne fungal pathogen Verticillium Iongisporum causes vascular disease on Brassicaceae host plants such as oilseed rape. The fungus colonizes the root xylem and moves upwards to the foliage where disease symptoms become visible. Using Arabidopsis as a model for early gene induction, we performed root transcriptome analyses in re- sponse to hyphal growth immediately after spore germination and during penetration of the root cortex, respectively. Infected roots showed a rapid reprogramming of gene expression such as activation of transcription factors, stress-, and defense-related genes. Here, we focused on the highly coordinated gene induction resulting in the production of tryp- tophan-derived secondary metabolites. Previous studies in leaves showed that enzymes encoded by CYP81f2 and PEN2 （PENETrATION2） execute the formation of antifungal indole glucosinolate （IGS） metabolites. In Verticillium-infected roots, we found transcriptional activation of CYP81f2 and the PEN2 homolog PEL 1 （PEN2-LIKE1）, but no increase in antifungal IGS breakdown products. In contrast, indole-3-carboxylic acid （13CA） and the phytoalexin camalexin accumulated in infected roots but only camalexin inhibited Verticillium growth in vitro. Whereas genetic disruption of the individual metabolic pathways leading to either camalexin or CYP81f2-dependent IGS metabolites did not alter Verticillium-induced disease symptoms, a cyp79b2 cyp79b3 mutant impaired in both branches resulted in significantly enhanced susceptibility. Hence, our data provide an insight into root-specific early defenses and suggest tryptophan-derived metabolites as active anti- fungal compounds against a vascular pathogen.

关键词： Verticillium Iongisporum Arabidopsis root transcriptome camalexin indole glucosinolates.

Distributed Differences Structures underlie Gating between the Kin Channel KAT1 and the Kout Channel SKOr

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 236-245页

作者： Janin riedelsberger Tripti Sharma Wendy Gonzalez Pawel Gajdanowicz Samuel Elias Morales-Navarro Carlos Garcia-Mata Bernd Mueller-roeber fernando Danilo Gonzalez-Nilo Michael r. Blatt Ingo Dreyer Universitat Potsdam Institut for Biochemie und Biologie Molekularbiologie Heisenberg-Gruppe Biophysik und Molekulare Pflanzenbiologie BPMPB Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25 Haus 20 D-14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Max-Planck institute of Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular Universidad de Talca Casilla 721 Talca Chile Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics IBLS Plant Sciences Bower Building University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK Laboratorio de fisiologia Molecular e Integrativa Institutos de Investigaciones Biologicas Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata 7600 Mar del Plata Buenos Aires Argentina Universitat Potsdam Institut for Biochemie und Biologie Abteilung Molekularbiologie 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany

The family of voltage-gated （Shaker-like） potassium channels in plants includes both inward-rectifying （Kin） channels that allow plant cells to accumulate K＋ and outward-rectifying （Kout） channels that mediate K＋ efflux. Despite their dose structural similarities, Kin and Kout channels differ in their gating sensitivity towards voltage and the extracellular K＋ concentration. We have carried out a systematic program of domain swapping between the Kout channel SKOr and the Kin channel KAT1 to examine the impacts on gating of the pore regions, the S4, S5, and the S6 helices. We found that, in particular, the N-terminal part of the S5 played a critical role in KAT1 and SKOr gating. Our findings were supported by molecular dynamics of KAT1 and SKOr homology models. In silico analysis revealed that during channel opening and closing, displacement of certain residues, especially in the S5 and S6 segments, is more pronounced in KAT1 than in SKOr. from our analysis of the S4-S6 region, we conclude that gating （and K＋-sensing in SKOr） depend on a number of structural elements that are dispersed over this -145-residue sequence and that these place additional constraints on configurational rearrangement of the channels during gating.

关键词： Arabidopsis K+ channel outward rectifier inward rectifier channel protein structure channel protein-cation interaction gating, K+-dependent.