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Radiative loss of coherence in free electrons:a long-range quantum phenomenon

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 294-301页

作者： Cruz I.Velasco Valerio Di Giulio F.Javier García de Abajo ICFO-institut de Ciencies Fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology08860Castelldefels(Barcelona)Spain ICREA-InstitucióCatalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats Passeig Lluís Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain

Quantum physics rules the dynamics of small objects as they interact over microscopic length ***,quantum correlations involving macroscopic distances can be observed between entangled photons as well as in atomic gases and matter waves at low *** long-range nature of the electromagnetic coupling between charged particles and extended objects could also trigger quantum phenomena over large ***,we reveal a manifestation of quantum mechanics that involves macroscopic distances and results in a nearly complete depletion of coherence associated with which-way free-electron interference produced by electron-radiation coupling in the presence of distant extended *** is a ubiquitous effect that we illustrate through a rigorous theoretical analysis of a two-path electron beam interacting with a semi-infinite metallic plate and find the inter-path coherence to vanish proportionally to the path separation at zero temperature and exponentially at finite *** investigated regime of large distances originates in the coupling of the electron to radiative modes assisted by diffraction at material structures but without any involvement of material *** the fundamental interest of this macroscopic quantum phenomenon,our results suggest an approach to measuring the vacuum temperature and nondestructively sensing the presence of distant objects.

关键词： temperature quantum macroscopic

Fluorophosphates and fluorosulfates cathode materials: Progress towards high energy density sodium-ion battery

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1427-1440页

作者： Mohammed Hadouchi Jingrong Hou Toshinari Koketsu Abdelilah Lahmar Jiwei Ma Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée des Matériaux Centre des Sciences des MatériauxFaculty of ScienceMohammed V University in RabatAvenue Ibn BattoutaBP 1014RabatMorocco Shanghai Key Laboratory for R&D and Application of Metallic Functional Materials Institute of New Energy for VehiclesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Battery Materials development Section Business Creation Sector R&D CenterMitsui Mining&Smelting Co.Ltd.362-0021 SaitamaJapan Laboratoiry of Condensed matter Physics University of Picardie Jules Verne33 Rue Saint-Leu 80039AmiensFrance

The rapid diffusion of renewable energy boosts the wide deployment of large-scale energy storage *** the low cost and high crustal abundance,sodium-ion battery(SIB)technology is expected to become a dominant technology in that area in the *** the practical application,novel cathode materials are urged to develop that show high energy density without sacrificing their cost and benignity to the *** the years of many studies,this still remains a huge challenge to battery *** this review,we discuss recent breakthroughs in SIB cathode materials with high energy density,namely fluorphosphates and *** design of materials,the crystal structure,the electrochemical performance,and the underlaying intercalation mechanism are systematically *** strategies and research directions are also provided to advance future high-energy,low-cost,and ecofriendly cathode materials for next generation SIB.

关键词： fluorophosphates fluorosulfates crystal structure intercalation mechanism high energy density sodium-ion battery

Low-power SiPM readout BETA ASIC for space applications

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 153-169页

作者： Anand Sanmukh Sergio Gómez Albert Comerma Joan Mauricio Rafel Manera Andreu Sanuy Daniel Guberman Roger Catala Albert Espinya Marina Orta Oscar de la Torre David Gascon departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica(FQA) Institut de Ciències del Cosmos(ICCUB)Universitat de Barcelona(UB)08028 BarcelonaSpain institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya(IEEC) 08034 BarcelonaSpain Electronics department Serra Hunter fellow at Polytechnic University of Catalonia(UPC)08019 BarcelonaSpain

The BETA application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC)is a fully programmable chip designed to amplify,shape and digitize the signal of up to 64 Silicon photomultiplier(SiPM)channels,with a power consumption of approximately~1 mW/*** to its dual-path gain,the BETA chip is capable of resolving single photoelectrons(phes)with a signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)>5 while simultaneously achieving a dynamic range of~4000 ***,BETA can provide a cost-effective solution for the readout of SiPMs in space missions and other applications with a maximum rate below 10 *** this study,we describe the key characteristics of the BETA ASIC and present an evaluation of the performance of its 16-channel version,which is implemented using 130 nm *** ASIC also contains two discriminators that can provide trigger signals with a time jitter down to 400 ps FWHM for 10 *** linearity error of the charge gain measurement was less than 2%for a dynamic range as large as 15 bits.

关键词： Radiation detectors Silicon photomultipliers Photon sensors Front-end electronics Mixed-mode ASICs Space technology

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Manipulation of magnetocaloric and elastocaloric effects in Ni-Mn-In alloys by lattice volume and magnetic variation:Effect of Co and Fe co-doping

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 156-165页

作者： Xinzeng Liang Chi Zhang Jing Bai Jianglong Gu Yudong Zhang Claude Esling Xiang Zhao Liang Zuo School of Materials science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 110870China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Resources and Materials Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066004China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Laboratoire d’Étude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux LEM3 CNRSUMR 7239University of Lorraine57045 MetzFrance

The effects of Co and Fe co-doping Ni-Mn-In alloy on the phase stability,lattice parameters,mag-netic properties,and electronic structures are systematically investigated by using the first-principles *** indicate that Fe atoms replace the excess Mn2 atoms by direct and indirect coex-istence(Fe→Mn 2 and Fe→In→Mn2);Co substitutes the Ni atoms by direct substitution(Co→Ni)for the Ni-Mn-In *** austenites all exhibit the ferromagnetic(FM)state for the studied *** NM martensites are in the ferrimagnetic(FIM-1)state for the Ni_(2)Mn_(1.5)In_(0.5),Ni_(2)Mn_(1.25)In_(0.5)Fe 0.25,Ni_(1.75)Mn_(1.5)In_(0.5)Co_(0.25),and Ni_(1.75)Mn_(1.25)In_(0.5)Co_(0.25)Fe 0.25 alloys,while the other compositions are in the FM *** phase stability of austenite and martensite decreases with increasing Co and Fe co-doping.A magnetic-structural coupling transition occurs at x<0.25 and y<*** Ni_(1.91)Mn_(1.5)In_(0.5)Co_(0.08)and Ni_(1.91)Mn_(1.42)In_(0.5)Co_(0.08)Fe_(0.08)alloys exhibit an A→6M→NM transformation,accompanied by a magnetic *** Co and Fe are co-doped,the hybridization strength between Co and Fe is greater than that between Co/Fe and *** enhancement of magnetocaloric and elastocaloric effects is favored by larger magnetization difference(△M)and lattice volume change(△V/V_(0)).Based on the calculated phase stability,magneto-structure coupling,△V/V 0 and c/a ratio,one can predict that the Ni_(2)-x Mn_(1.5)-y In_(0.5)Co x Fe y alloy with Co content 0≤x≤0.25 and Fe content 0≤y≤0.05 is predicted to have good magneto-controlled functional behavior.

关键词： Ni-Mn-In-Co-Fe Phase stability Magnetocaloric effect Elastocaloric effect

Template-free nanostructured particle growth via a one-pot continuous gradient nanoprecipitation

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Aggregate

Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 409-418页

作者： Xie Cheng Shuai Wang Julien Bernard François Ganachaud Xibo Yan School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina College of Food science and Engineering Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjinChina Universitéde Lyon CNRSUniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1INSA-LyonUniversitéJean MonnetUMR5223Ingénierie des Matériaux PolymèresVilleurbanne CedexFrance

Engineered nanoparticles have emerged as new types of materials for a wide range of applications from therapeutics to ***,fabricating nanomaterials presenting complex inner morphologies and shapes in a simple manner remains a great ***,we report the template-free one-pot continuous gradient nanoprecipitation of different types of non-compatible polymers to spontaneously form nanostructured *** continuous addition of antisolvent induces precipitation and(re)organization of polymer chains at the forming particle interface,ultimately and naturally developing complex inner morphologies and shapes while particle *** low-energy-cost bottom-up assembly approach applies to various functional polymers,possibly embedded with metal nanoparticles,for continuous growth into well-organized *** crosslinking of the particles and core removal allows both confirming the building process and leading to hollow or multivoid nanomaterials.

关键词： aggregation nanoprecipitation phase diagrams polymeric nanoparticles self-assembly

Unraveling magnetic properties and martensitic transformation in Mn-rich Ni-Mn-Sn alloys:first-principles calculations and experiments

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1769-1785页

作者： Yu Zhang Jing Bai Ke-Liang Guo Jia-Xin Xu Jiang-Long Gu Nicola Morley Qui-Zhi Gao Yu-Dong Zhang Claude Esling Xiang Zhao Liang Zuo Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Material Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819China Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province School of Resources and MaterialsNortheastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao066004China department of Material science and Engineering University of SheffieldSheffieldS13JDUK State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Laboratoire d’Étude des Microstructures Et de Mécanique des Matériaux University of Lorraine57045MetzFrance

We have investigated the phase stability,magnetic properties,and martensitic transformation thermodynamics/kinetics of the Ni_(24-x)Mn_(18+x+y)Sn_(6-y)(x,y=0,1,2)system by combining the first-principles calculations and *** calculation results show that the optimized lattice parameters are consistent with the experimental ***,we obtain the relation equation for the austenite formation energy(E_(form-A))and Mn content(X_(Mn)):E_(form-A)=507.358X_(Mn)-274.126,as well as for the six-layer modulated(6M)martensite formation energy(E_(form-6M))and Ni content(X_(Ni)):E_(form-6M)=-728.484X_(Ni)+*** ternary phase diagram of the total magnetic moment was *** excess Mn will reduce the total magnetic moment of 6M(Mag6M)and non-modulated(NM)(MagNM)martensites,with the following equations relating the total magnetic moment and Mn content:Mag_(6M)=-15.905X_(Mn)+7.902and Mag_(NM)=-14.781X_(Mn)+7.411,while the effect on austenite is *** variation of total magnetic moment is mainly dominated by the Mn atomic magnetic *** 3d electrons of Mn_(Sn)(Mn at Sn sublattice)play an important role in magnetic properties from the perspective of the electronic density of *** on the thermodynamics of martensitic transformation,the alloys will likely undergo austenite?6M?NM transformation *** the thermodynamic and kinetic results,the martensitic transformation temperature decreases with x increasing and increases with y *** results are expected to provide reference for predicting the phase stability and magnetic properties of NiMn-Sn alloys.

关键词： Ni-Mn-Sn First-principles calculations Martensitic transformation Magnetic property Kinetics

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Geochemistry and mineralogy of beach sediments in the northern Gulf of Mexico,Tamaulipas state, Mexico: implication for provenance

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第3期13卷 375-400页

作者： Mayank Shukla Sanjeet K.Verma Mayla A.Ramos-Vázquez John S.Armstrong-Altrin Karla R.Hernández-Martínez Sumit Mishra Vivek P.Malviya Héctor Hernández-Mendoza Posgrado de la División de Geociencias Aplicadas Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICYT) División de Geociencias Aplicadas Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICYT) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología Unidad de Procesos Oceanicos y Costeros Ciudad Universitaria department of Marine sciences Bharathidasan University instituto de Geociencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México department of Applied Geology Dr.Harisingh Gour Central University instituto de Investigación de Zonas desérticas Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí Universidad del Centro de México

Geochemical and mineralogical studies were performed in the La Pesca(LP) and Tesoro Altamira(TA) beach sediments, located in the Tamaulipas state, northern Gulf of Mexico. The main aim of this study is to infer the weathering history and provenance and to discriminate the tectonic environment of the beach sediments. The sediments are composed of quartz with small amounts of accessory minerals such as plagioclase, calcite, orthoclase, microcline, and zircon. Both beach sediments are classified as fine-grained and very well sorted, however LP has coarse skewed and leptokurtic sediments, whereas TA has fine-skewed and very leptokurtic sediments. The chemical index of weathering(CIW') indicates intense weathering in the source area. The quartz grain microtextures in the LP and TA are classified into mechanical, chemical, and mechanical/chemical origin. Mechanical features such as fractures, pits, percussion marks, abrasion fatigue, and V-shaped marks favor high-energy littoral, fluvial, subaqueous-marine, and aeolian environments. The chemical features indicate solution pits and crystalline overgrowth, which suggests a silica saturated marine environment. The mechanical/chemical features display adhering particles and elongated depressions suggest formation in a sub-aqueous nearshore marine environment. Major and trace elements-based provenance discrimination diagrams indicate a felsic source derived from the Mesa Central(MC), Sierra Madre Oriental(SMOr) and Oaxaquia terranes. The major and trace element concentrations imply a passive margin setting for the northern Gulf of Mexico, which is consistent with the general geology.

关键词： Beach sediments Geochemistry Mineralogy Provenance Tamaulipas Tectonic setting

Resilience to structural and molecular changes in excitatory synapses in the hippocampus contributes to cognitive function recovery in Tg2576 mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2068-2074页

作者： Carolina Aguado Sara Badesso JoséMartínez-Hernández Alejandro Martín-Belmonte Rocío Alfaro-Ruiz Miriam Fernández Ana Esther Moreno-Martínez Mar Cuadrado-Tejedor Ana García-Osta Rafael Luján Synaptic Structure Laboratory Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas(IDINE)Department of Medical SciencesFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Castilla-La ManchaCampus BiosanitarioAlbaceteSpain Gene Therapy for Neurological Disease Program Center for Applied Medical Research(CIMA)University of NavarraInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra(IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain Pharmacology Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Neuropharmacology and Pain Group Neuroscience ProgramInstitut d’InvestigacióBiomèdica de BellvitgeIDIBELLL’Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain department of Pathology Anatomy and PhysiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain UniversitéGrenoble Alpes Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance

Plaques of amyloid-β(Aβ)and neurofibrillary tangles are the main pathological characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,some older adult people with AD pathological hallmarks can retain cognitive *** the factors that lead to this cognitive resilience to AD offers promising prospects for identifying new therapeutic *** hypothesis focuses on the contribution of resilience to changes in excitatory synapses at the structural and molecular levels,which may underlie healthy cognitive performance in aged AD *** the Morris Water Maze test,we selected resilient(asymptomatic)and cognitively impaired aged Tg2576 *** the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed similar levels of Aβ42 in both experimental groups,western blot analysis revealed differences in tau pathology in the pre-synaptic supernatant *** further investigate the density of synapses in the hippocampus of 16-18 month-old Tg2576 mice,we employed stereological and electron microscopic *** findings indicated a decrease in the density of excitatory synapses in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampal CA1 in cognitively impaired Tg2576 mice compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic ***,through quantitative immunoelectron microscopy in the hippocampus of impaired and resilient Tg2576 transgenic AD mice,we uncovered differences in the subcellular localization of glutamate ***,the density of GluA1,GluA2/3,and mGlu5 in spines and dendritic shafts of CA1 pyramidal cells in impaired Tg2576 mice was significantly reduced compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic ***,the density of GluA2/3 in resilient Tg2576 mice was significantly increased in spines but not in dendritic shafts compared with impaired Tg2576 and non-transgenic *** subcellular findings strongly support the hypothesis that dendritic spine plasticity and synaptic machinery in the hippocampus play cr

关键词： aging Alzheimer´s disease cognitive hippocampus immunoelectron microscopy resilience synapse

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Optimisation of Thermal Comfort of Building in a Hot and Dry Tropical Climate: A Comparative Approach between Compressed Earth/Concrete Block Envelopes

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 1-16页

作者： Arnaud Louis Sountong-Noma Ouedraogo Césaire Hema Sjoerd Moustapha N’guiro Philbert Nshimiyimana Adamah Messan Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitat Durable (LEMHaD) Institut International de l’Ingénierie de l’eau et de l’environnement (Institut 2iE) Rue de la science 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Compressed earth blocks (CEB) are an alternative to cement blocks in the construction of wall masonry. However, the optimal architectural construction methods for adequate thermal comfort for occupants in hot and arid environments are not mastered. This article evaluates the influence of architectural and constructive modes of buildings made of CEB walls and concrete block walls, to optimize and compare their thermal comfort in the hot and dry tropical climate of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Two identical pilot buildings whose envelopes are made of CEB and concrete blocks were monitored for this study. The thermal models of the pilot buildings were implemented in the SketchUp software using an extension of EnergyPlus. The models were empirically validated after calibration against measured thermal data from the buildings. The models were used to do a parametric analysis for optimization of the thermal performances by simulating plaster coatings on the exterior of walls, airtight openings and natural ventilation depending on external weather conditions. The results show that the CEB building displays 7016 hours of discomfort, equivalent to 80.1% of the time, and the concrete building displays 6948 hours of discomfort, equivalent to 79.3% of the time. The optimization by modifications reduced the discomfort to 2918 and 3125 hours respectively;i.e. equivalent to only 33.3% for the CEB building and 35.7% for the concrete building. More study should evaluate thermal optimizations in buildings in real time of usage such as residential buildings commonly used by the local middle class. The use of CEB as a construction material and passive means of improving thermal comfort is a suitable ecological and economical option to replace cementitious material.

关键词： Compressed Earth Blocks Hot and Dry Climate Thermal Comfort Architectural Optimization of Thermal Models Cement Blocks Empirical Validation