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A study on wildfire impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and regional air quality in South of Orléans,France

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 521-533页

作者： Chaoyang Xue Gisèle Krysztofiak Yangang Ren Min Cai Patrick Mercier Frédéric Le Fur Corinne Robin Benoit Grosselin Véronique Daele Max RMcGillen Yujing Mu Valéry Catoire Abdelwahid Mellouki Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace(LPC2E) CNRS–UniversitéOrléans–CNES(UMR 7328)Orléans Cedex 245071France institut de combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéEnvironnement(ICARE)CNRSOrléans Cedex 245071France Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Lig’Air-Association de surveillance de la qualitéde l’air en région Centre-Val de Loire Saint-Cyr-en-Val 45590France Mohammed V University RabatMorocco

Wildfire events are increasing globally which may be partly associated with climate change,resulting in significant adverse impacts on local,regional air quality and global *** September 2020,a small wildfire(burned area:36.3 ha)event occurred in Souesmes(Loiret-Cher,Sologne,France),and its plume spread out over 200 km on the following day as observed by the MODIS *** on measurements at a suburban site(~50 km northwest of the fire location)in Orléans and backward trajectory analysis,young wildfire plumes were *** increases in gaseous pollutants(CO,CH_(4),N_(2)O,VOCs,etc.)and particles(including black carbon)were found within the wildfire plumes,leading to a reduced air *** factors,defined as EF(X)=ΔX/ΔCO(where,X represents the target species),of various trace gases and black carbon within the young wildfire plumes were determined accordingly and compared with previous *** in the ambient ions(such as ammonium,sulfate,nitrate,chloride,and nitrite in the particle-and gasphase)and aerosol properties(e.g.,aerosol water content,aerosol p H)were also quantified and ***,we estimated the total carbon and climate-related species(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,and BC)emissions and compared them with fire emission *** biomass burning emission inventories have uncertainties in estimating small fire burned areas and *** instance,we found that the Global Fire Assimilation System(GFAS)may underestimate emissions(e.g.,CO)of this small wildfire while other inventories(GFED and FINN)showed significant *** that it is the first time to record wildfire plumes in this region,related atmospheric implications are presented and discussed.

关键词： Wildfire Air quality Emission factor Emission inventory VOLTAIRE supersite

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Characterization of peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN)under different PM_(2.5) concentration in wintertime at a North China rural site

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第4期34卷 221-232页

作者： Zhuoyu Li Guangzhao Xie Hui Chen Bixin Zhan Lin Wang Yujing Mu Abdelwahid Mellouki Jianmin Chen department of Environmental Science&Engineering Fudan Tyndall CenterInstitute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China institut de combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéet EnvironnementCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique45071 Orléans cedex 02France

As a secondary pollutant of photochemical pollution,peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN)has attracted a close attention.A four-month campaign was conducted at a rural site in North China Plain(NCP)including the measurement of PAN,O_(3),NO_(x),PM_(2.5),oxygenated volatile organic compounds(OVOCs),photolysis rate constants of NO_(2)and O_(3)and meteorological parameters to investigate the wintertime characterization of photochemistry from November 2018 to February *** results showed that the maximum and mean values of PAN were 4.38 and 0.93±0.67 ppbv during the campaign,*** PAN under different PM_(2.5)concentrations from below 75μg/m^(3)up to 250μg/m^(3),showed different diurnal variation and formation *** the PM_(2.5)concentration range of above 250μg/m^(3),PAN had the largest daily mean value of 0.64 ppbv and the fastest production rate of 0.33 ppbv/*** the perspective of PAN’s production mechanism,the light intensity and precursors concentrations under different PM_(2.5)pollution levels indicated that there were sufficient light intensity and high volatile organic compounds(VOCs)and NO_(x)precursors concentration even under severe pollution level to generate a large amount of ***,the bimodal staggering phenomenon of PAN and PM_(2.5)provided a basis that PAN might aggravate haze through secondary organic aerosols(SOA)formation.

关键词： Peroxyacetyl nitrate PM_(2.5) Wintertime North China Rural site

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二硫化碳气体近紫外吸收截面积测定

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光谱学与光谱分析 2009年第6期29卷 1586-1589页

作者：汪海涛胡长江牟玉静 Abdelwahid Mellouki 中国科学院生态环境研究中心北京100085 Centre National de Recherche Scientifique Institut de CombustionAérothermique

利用二极管阵列光谱仪,室温条件下,在波长220～380 nm的波段内,测量了CS2的紫外吸收截面积。发现CS2在315 nm处具有较大吸收,其值为σ=7.184×***-1。与文献报道进行了比对,吻合较好,并利用所获得的数据对CS2大气光解寿命进行了评估。

关键词：二硫化碳紫外吸收截面积光解二极管阵列光谱仪

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Hygroscopicity and optical properties of alkylaminium sulfates

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第1期26卷 37-43页

作者： Dawei Hu Chunlin Li Hui Chen Jianmin Chen Xingnan Ye Ling Li Xin Yang Xinming Wang Abdelwahid Mellouki Zhongyang Hu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Fudan Tyndall CentreDepartment of Environmental Science￡Engineering Fudan University institut de combustion Arothermique Ractivit et Environnement Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Chinese Acad Sci State Key Laboratory Organ Geochem Guangzhou Inst Geochem Dionex Corporation

The hygroscopicity and optical properties of alkylaminium sulfates （AASs） were investigated using a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer coupled to a cavity ring-down spectrometer and a nephelometer. AAS particles do not exhibit a deliquescence phenomenon and show a monotonic increase in diameter as the relative humidity （RH） ascends. Hygroscopic growth factors （GFs） for 40, 100 and 150 nm alkylaminium sulfate particles do not show an apparent Kelvin effect when RH is less than 45%, whereas GFs of the salt aerosols increase with initial particle size when RH is higher than 45%. Calculation using the Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson mixing rule suggests that hygroscopic growth of triethylaminium sulfate-ammonium sulfate mixtures is non-deliquescent, occurring at very low RH, implying that the displacement of ammonia by amine will significantly enhance the hygroscopicity of （NH4）2SO4 aerosols. In addition, light extinction of AAS particles is a combined effect of both scattering and absorption under dry conditions, but is dominated by scattering under wet conditions.

关键词： hygroscopicity optical properties alkylaminium sulfates

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Kinetic and product studies of the reactions of NO3 with a series of unsaturated organic compounds

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 111-120页

作者： Yangang Ren Max McGillen Ibrahim Ouchen Veronique Daële Abdelwahid Mellouki Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)(UPR 3021) Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers en région Centre(OSUC)Institut de CombustionAérothermiqueRéactivitéet Environnement(ICARE)Orléans 45071France Earth Sciences department Scientific InstituteMohammed V UniversityRabat 10106Morocco Le Studium Loire Valley institute for Advanced Studies Orléans 45071France

Rate coefficients for the reaction of N03 radicals with 6 unsaturated volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in a 7300 L simulation chamber at ambient temperature and pressure have been determined by the relative rate *** resulting rate coefficients were determined for isoprene,2-carene,3-carene,methyl vinyl ketone(MVK),methacrolein(MACR)and crotonaldehyde(CA),as(6.6±0.8)×10-13,(1.8±0.6)×10-11,(8.7±0.5)×10-12,(1.24±1.04)×10-16,(3.3±0.9)×10-15 and(5.7±1.2)×10-15 cm3/(molecule·sec),*** experiments indicate that NO3 radical reactions with all the studied unsaturated VOGs proceed through addition to the olefinic bond,however,it indicates that the introduction of a carbonyl group into unsaturated VOGs can deactivate the neighboring olefinic bond towards reaction with the NO3 radical,which is to be expected since the presence of these electronwithdrawing substituents will reduce the electron density in the π orbitals of the alkenes,and will therefore reduce the rate coefficient of these electrophilic addition *** addition,we investigated the product formation from the reactions of 2-carene and 3-carene with the NO3 *** identification of an epoxide(C10H16OH+),caronaldehyde(C10H16O2 H+) and nitrooxy-ketone(C10H16O4 NH+) was achieved using a proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer(PTR-TOF-MS) and a reaction mechanism is proposed.

关键词： Rate coefficient NO_(3) radical Products Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)

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Levels,sources and health risks of carbonyls and BTEX in the ambient air of Beijing,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第1期24卷 124-130页

作者： Yujie Zhang Yujing Mu Junfeng Liu Abdelwahid Mellouki Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Centre National de Recherche Scientifique-institut de combustion AerothermiqueReactivite et Environnement(CNRS-ICARE)45071 Orleans cedex 02France

The atmospheric concentrations of carbonyls and BTEX （benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,m,p-xylene and o-xylene） were measured simultaneously at a same sampling site in Beijing from September 2008 to August *** average concentrations of the total measured carbonyls during autumn,winter,spring,and summer were 37.7,31.3,39.7,50.5 μg/m 3,respectively,and maximal values for their diurnal variations usually happened at *** contrast to carbonyls,the average concentrations of the total measured BTEX during the four seasons were 27.2,31.9,23.2,19.1 μg/m 3,respectively,andminimal values for their diurnal variations always occurred in the early *** average concentration for carbonyls increased about 24% from September 2008–August 2009 to September 2009–August 2010,for BTEX,increased about 15%.Integrated life time cancer risks for three carcinogens （benzene,formaldehyde and acetaldehyde） in Beijing exceeded the value of 1E-06,and the hazard quotient （HQ） of non-cancer risk of exposure to formaldehyde exceeded unity.

关键词： carbonyls BTEX sources exposure and risk assessment Beijing

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A tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer for formaldehyde atmospheric measurements validated by simulation chamber instrumentation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第1期24卷 22-33页

作者： V.Catoire F.Bernard Y.Mbarki A.Mellouki G.Eyglunent V.Daёle C.Robert Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E) CNRS-Universit d'Orlans (UMR 6115)Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en rgion Centre (OSUC)3A Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique45071 Orlans Cedex 2France institut de combustion ArothermiqueRactivit et Environnement (ICARE)CNRS (UPR 3021)Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en rgion Centre (OSUC)1C Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique45071 Orlans Cedex 2France

A tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer （TDLAS） for formaldehyde atmospheric measurements has been set up and validated through comparison experiments with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FT-IR） in a simulation *** was generated in situ in the chamber from reaction of ethene with *** HCHO ro-vibrational line intensities （at 2909.71,2912.09 and 2914.46 cm-1） possibly used by TDLAS were calibrated by FT-IR spectra simultaneously recorded in the 1600–3200 cm-1 domain during ethene ozonolysis,enabling the on-line deduction of the varying concentration for HCHO in *** experimental line intensities values inferred confirmed the calculated ones from the updated HITRAN *** addition,the feasibility of stratospheric in situ HCHO measurements using the 2912.09 cm-1 line was *** TDLAS performances were also assessed,leading to a 2σ detection limit of 88 ppt in volume mixing ratio with a response time of 60 sec at 30 Torr and 294 K for 112 m optical *** part of this work,the room-temperature rate constant of this reaction and the HCHO formation yield were found to be in excellent agreement with the compiled literature data.

关键词： formaldehyde ethene ozonolysis in situ measurements stratosphere simulation chamber TDLAS FT-IR

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Comparison of Ashes Produced in a Biomass Moving Grate Boiler by Wood Chips and Sewage Sludge

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第5期18卷 1419-1425页

作者： Baraket Nada Brandelet Benoit TrouvéGwenaëlle Rogaume Yann Universitéde Lorraine-LERMAB-ERBE Epinal88000France LGRE Institut de Recherche Jean-Baptiste Donnet Universitéde Haute-AlsaceMulhouse6809France AdeME Angers49004France

One option to fight global warming is to convert our use of fossil energy into renewables such as biomass ***,the forest preservation and the quality of the ambient air are also two major ***,the use of biomass waste without any supplementary emissions could represent a part of the *** this study,two fuels were considered for a 200 kW moving grate boiler.A multicyclone and a bag filter were fitted on the *** first fuel consisted of classical wood chips whereas the second was a mixture of wood chips with sewage *** second fuel presented a high ashes mass ratio compared to wood *** aim was to verify the possibility to burn this kind of fuel without any modification of the *** first relevant result is that the conventional pollutants,i.e.,CO and NOx,remained under the emissions limits even with the sewage sludge *** Total Suspended Particles emissions at the exhaust were always under 5.4 mg·Nm-3 dry based corrected at 6%of O_(2),which is low with respect to the standard *** majority of the ashes remained on the combustion ***,with both fuels,about 5%of ashes mass remained in the heat ***,the heat exchanger was more clogged with the second fuel,which produced five time more *** may lead to a yield ***,sewage sludge can be used in a wood boiler without any issue if an automatic exchanger sweep is fitted on the installation.

关键词： combustion energy biomass ashes TSP

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Symmetrizing cathode-anode response to speed up charging of nanoporous supercapacitors

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Green Energy & Environment 2022年第1期7卷 95-104页

作者： Tangming Mo Liang Zeng Zhenxiang Wang Svyatoslav Kondrat Guang Feng State Key Laboratory of Coal combustion School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)Wuhan430074China Nano Interface Centre for Energy School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology430074China institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesKasprzaka 44/52Warsaw01-224Poland Max-Planck-institut FuÈr Intelligente Systeme StuttgartD-70569Germany IV.institut FuÈr Theoretische Physik Universit

Asymmetric behaviors of capacitance and charging dynamics in the cathode and anode are general for nanoporous *** this behavior is essential for the optimal design of ***,we perform constant-potential molecular dynamics simulations to reveal asymmetric features of porous supercapacitors and their effects on capacitance and charging *** simulations show that,counterintuitively,charging dynamics can be fast in pores providing slow ion diffusion and vice *** electrodes with singlesize pores,multi-pore electrodes show overcharging and accelerated co-ion desorption,which can be attributed to the subtle interplay between the dynamics and charging *** find that capacitance and charging dynamics correlate with how the ions respond to an applied cell voltage in the cathode and *** demonstrate that symmetrizing this response can help boost power density,which may find practical applications in supercapacitor optimization.

关键词： Nanoporous carbon Charging dynamics Charge storage mechanism Overfilling Overcharging

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Kinetic and product studies of Cl atoms reactions with a series of branched Ketones

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 271-282页

作者： Yangang Ren Jinhe Wang Benoit Grosselin Veronique Daele Abdelwahid Mellouki institut de combustion Aerothermique Reactivite et Environnement (/CARE) CNRS (UPR 3021) 1C Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique45071 Orleans Cedex 2 France School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan 250101 China

The rate constants for the C1 atom reaction with three branched ketones have been measured at 298 ± 2 K and 760 Torr using the relative rate method in the absence of NO. The rate constants values obtained （in units of 10^-10 cm^3/（***）） are： k（2-methyl-3-pentanone） = 1.07 ± 0.26, k（3-methyl-2-pentanone） =1.21 ± 0.26, and k（4-methyl-2-pentanone） = 1.35 ± 0.27. Combining the chemical kinetic data obtained by this study with those reported for other ketones, a revised Structure Activity Relationship （SAR） parameter and R group reactivity （kR of R（O）R＇ and CHx （x = 1, 2, 3） group reactivity （kCHx） toward C1 atoms were proposed. In addition, the products from the three reactions in the presence of NO were also identified and quantified by using PTR-ToF-MS and GC-FID, and the yields of the identified products are： acetone （39% ± 8%）＋ ethanal （78% ± 12%）, 2-butanone （22% ± 2%）＋ ethanal （75% ± 10%）＋ propanal （14% ± 1%） and acetone （26% ± 3%）＋ 2-methylpmpanal （24% ± 2%）, for C1 atoms reaction with 2-methyl-3-pentanone, 3-methyl-2-pentanone and 4-methyl-2-pentanone, respectively. Based on the obtained results, the reaction mechanisms of C1 atoms with these three ketones are proposed.

关键词： Ketones Cl atoms Rate constants Products Mechanism

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