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Batteries for electric vehicles:Technical advancements,environmental challenges,and market perspectives

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SusMat 2024年第5期4卷 1-30页

作者： Axel Celadon Huaihu Sun Shuhui Sun Gaixia Zhang department of Electrical Engineering Ecole de Technologie Superieure(ETS)MontrealQuebecCanada institut national de la recherche scientifique(INRS) Centre Energie Materiaux TelecommunicationsVarennesQuebecCanada

The rapid evolution of electric vehicles(EVs)highlights the critical role of bat-tery technology in promoting sustainable *** review offers a comprehensive introduction to the diverse landscape of batteries for *** particular,it examines the impressive array of available battery technologies,focusing on the predominance of lithium-based batteries,such as lithium-ion and lithium-metal ***,it explores battery technologies beyond lithium(“post-lithium”),including aluminum,sodium,and magnesium *** potential of solid-state batteries is also discussed,along with the current status of various battery types in EV *** review further addresses end-of-life treatment strategies for EV batteries,including reuse,remanufactur-ing,and recycling,which are essential for mitigating the environmental impact of batteries and ensuring sustainable lifecycle ***,market per-spectives and potential future research directions for battery technologies in EVs are also discussed.

关键词： electric vehicles environmental challenges market perspectives rechargeable batteries technical advancements

Associations between physical activity levels and ATPase inhibitory factor 1 concentrations in older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 409-418页

作者： Jérémy Raffin Yves Rolland Annelise Genoux Guillaume Combes Mikael Croyal Bertrand Perret Sophie Guyonnet Bruno Vellas laurent O.Martinez Philipe de Souto Barreto For the MAPT/DSA Group institut du Vieillissement Gérontopôle de ToulouseCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de ToulouseToulouse 31000France Centre d'Epidémiologie et de recherche en Santédes Populations UnitéMixte de Recherche 1295Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleUniversitéToulouse-III-Paul-SabatierToulouse 31000France LimitAging Team Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et CardiovasculairesUnitéMixte de Recherche 1297Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleUniversitéToulouse III-Paul SabatierToulouse 31432France Service de Biochimie Pôle de biologieHôpital de PurpanCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de ToulouseToulouse 31300France L'institut du Thorax Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de NantesNantes UniversitéNantes 44000France BioCore US16Structure Fédérative de Recherche BonamyInstitut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de NantesNantes UniversitéNantes 44000France Plate-forme de spectrométrie de masse Centre de Recherche en Nutrition HumaineOuestNantes 44000France 不详

Background:Adenosine triphosphatase inhibitory factor 1(IF1)is a key protein involved in energy ***1 has been linked to various agerelated diseases,although its relationship with physical activity(PA)remains ***,the apolipoprotein A-I(apoA-I),a PA-modulated lipoprotein,could play a role in this relationship because it shares a binding site with IF1 on the cell-surface ATP *** examined here the associations between chronic PA and plasma IF1 concentrations among older adults,and we investigated whether apoA-I mediated these ***:In the present work,1096 healthy adults(63.8%females)aged 70 years and over who were involved in the Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial study were ***1 plasma concentrations(square root of ng/mL)were measured at the 1-year visit of the Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial,while PA levels(square root of metabolic equivalent task min/week)were assessed using questionnaires administered each year from baseline to the 3-year *** linear regressions were performed to investigate the associations between the first-year mean PA levels and IF1 *** analyses were conducted to examine whether apoA-I mediated these *** linear regressions were carried out to investigate whether the 1-year visit IF1 concentrations predicted subsequent changes in ***:Multiple linear regressions indicated that first-year mean PA levels were positively associated with IF1 concentrations(B=0.021;SE=0.010;p=0.043).Mediation analyses revealed that about 37.7%of this relationship was mediated by apoA-I(B_(ab)=0.008;SE=0.004;p=0.023).Longitudinal investigations demonstrated that higher concentrations of IF1 at the 1-year visit predicted a faster decline in PA levels over the subsequent 2 years(time×IF1:B=0.148;SE=0.066;p=0.025).Conclusion:This study demonstrates that regular PA is associated with plasma IF1 concentrations,and it suggests that apoA-I partly med

关键词： Aging Apolipoprotein Bioenergetics Exerkine Mitochondria

Abscisic Acid Signal off the STARTing Block

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Molecular Plant 2011年第4期4卷 562-580页

作者： Archana Joshi-Saha Christiane Valon Jeffrey Leung institut des Sciences du Vegetal Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR2355 1 Avenue de la Terrasse Bat. 23 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France

The year 2009 marked a real turnaround in our understanding of the mode of abscisic acid （ABA） action. Nearly 25 years had elapsed since the first biochemical detection of ABA-binding proteins in the plasmalemma of Vicia guard cells was reported. This recent--and laudable--achievement is owed largely to the discovery of the soluble ABA receptors whose major interacting proteins happen to be some of the most well-established components of earliest steps in ABA signaling. These soluble receptors, with the double name of PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE （PYR） or REGUlaTORY COMPONENT OF ABA RECEPTOR （RCAR）, are a family of Arabidopsis proteins of about 150-200 amino acids that share a conserved START domain. The ABA signal transduction circuitry under non-stress conditions is muted by the clade A protein phosphatases 2C （PP2C）（notably HAB1, ABI1, and ABI2）. During the initial steps of ABA signaling, the binding of the hormone to the receptor induces a conformational change in the latter that allows it to sequester the PP2Cs. This excludes them from the negative regulation of the downstream ABA-activated kinases （OST1/SnRK2.6/SRK2E, SnRK2.2, and SnRK2.3）, thus unleashing the pathway by freeing them to phosphorylate downstream targets that now include several b-ZIP transcription factors, ion channels （SlaC1, KAT1）, and a NADPH oxidase （AtrbohF）. The discovery of this family of soluble receptors and the rich insight already gained from structural studies of their complexes with different isoforms of ABA, PP2C, and the synthetic agonist pyrabactin lay the foundation towards rational design of chemical switches that can bolster drought hardiness in plants.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress hormone biology signal transduction.

Low-dimensional catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2020年第6期30卷 787-795页

作者： Xin Tong Xinxing Zhan Diane Rawach Zhangsen Chen Gaixia Zhang Shuhui Sun School of Chemistry and Material Science Guizhou Normal University institut national de la recherche scientifique INRS Centre énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications

developing highly efficient electrocatalysts to facilitate the sluggish cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) is a key challenge for high-performance fuel cells. Low-dimensional materials have attracted great attention recently because of their unique structure and properties. In this review, the application of zero-dimensional(0 D),one-dimensional(1 D), and two-dimensional(2 D) materials in ORR are discussed and particular attention is given to the relationship between their structure and the ORR activity. Graphene-based materials, transition metal dichalcogenides, transition metal oxide, nanotubes, nanoribbons, nanowires, and single-atom ORR catalysts are introduced and classified by their geometric dimension.

关键词： Oxygen reduction reaction Low-dimensional catalysts Graphene Transition metal dichalcogenides Transition metal oxide Single-atom catalyst

Very high conservation between Cyp6a2 from Drosophila melanogaster and its ortholog Cyp6a26 from D. simulans

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Insect Science 2007年第1期14卷 15-27页

作者： SOPHIE TARES laURY ARTHAUD ALEXANDRA BRUN-BARALE DIDIER CROCHARD JEAN-MARC BRIde MARCEL AMICHOT institut national de la recherche Agronomique UMR ROSE 1112 Sophia-Antipolis France

Although Drosophila simulans is closely related to D. melanogaster, very few cytochrome P450 genes have been studied in this species until now. As Cyp6a2 from D. melanogaster is a major gene implicated in the detoxification of xenobiotic molecules, we decided to look for its ortholog in D. simulans. The isolated gene, Cyp6a26, presents structural characteristics very similar to those of Cyp6a2： an identical size of 1590-bp comprising two exons separated by a 69-bp intron and a nucleotide sequence homology of 95%. Many putative transcriptionally important motifs were identified in the upstream DNAs of the two genes but only 16 elements are in common positions. Treatment of flies with phenobarbital leads to an increased production of Cyp6a26 mRNAs. The expression of Cyp6a26 mRNAs varies following developmental stages in the same manner as Cyp6a2. Immunohistochemistry experiments of phenobarbital-treated adult drosophila show that the spatial expression pattern of the two proteins is also conserved between the two species. All these data argue in favor of the conservation of the function of these homologous genes between the two Drosophila species.

关键词： cytochrome P450 Drosophila ortholog mRNA expression promotor

Effects of a sex ratio gradient on female mate-copying and choosiness in Drosophila melanogaster

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Current Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 251-258页

作者： Magdalena MONIER Sabine NOBEL Guillaume ISABEL Etienne DANCHIN UMR-5174 Laboratoire Evolution & Diversite Biologique (EDB) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) Universite de Toulouse 118 route de NarbonneF-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France Centre de recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA) Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Universite de Toulouse 118 route de Narbonne F-31082 Toulouse Cedex 9 France

In many sexually reproducing species, individuals can gather information about potential mates by observing their mating success. This behavioral pattern, that we call mate-copying, was reported in the fruit fly Drosophila rnelanogaster where females choosing between 2 males of contrasting phenotypes can build a preference for males of the phenotype they previously saw being chosen by a demonstrator female. As sex ratio is known to affect mate choice, our goal was to test whether mate-copying is also affected by encountered sex ratios. Thus, we created a gradient of sex ratio during demonstrations of mate-copying experiments by changing the number of females observ- ing from a central arena 6 simultaneous demonstrations unfolding in 6 peripheral compartments of a hexagonal device. We also tested whether the sex ratio experienced by females during demon- strations affected their choosiness （male courtship duration and double courtship rate） in subse- quent mate-choice tests. Experimental male：female sex ratio during demonstrations did not affect mate-copying indices, but positively affected the proportion of both males courting the female during mate-choice tests, as well as male courtship duration, the latter potentially explaining the for- mer relationship. As expected, the sex ratio affected female choosiness positively, and Drosophila females seem to have evolved a mate-copying ability independently of sex ratio, and a capacity to adapt their choosiness to male availability. This suggests that, as in many animal species, individuals, especially females, can adapt their mate choice depending on the current sex ratio.

关键词： competition Drosophila melanogaster experimental protocol mate-copying social learning sex ratio.

Shaping the light amplified in a multimode fiber

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 250-258页

作者： Raphael Florentin Vincent Kermene Joel Benoist Agnès desfarges-Berthelemot Dominique Pagnoux Alain Barthélémy Jean-Pierre Huignard XLIM Research institute Universitéde Limoges-Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUMR 625287060 LimogesFrance institut langevin ESPCI-ParisTech75238 ParisFrance

Propagation of light in multimode optical fibers usually gives a spatial and temporal randomization of the transmitted field similar to the propagation through scattering *** still applies when scattering or multimode propagation occurs in gain *** demonstrate that appropriate structuration of the input beam wavefront can shape the light amplified by a rareearth-doped multimode *** of the wavefront was achieved by a deformable mirror in combination with an iterative optimization *** present experimental results and simulations showing the shaping of a single sharp spot at different places in the output cross-section of an ytterbium-doped fiber *** and narrowing of the amplifier far-field pattern was realized as *** the wavefront to shape the amplified light can also serve to improve the effective *** shaping approach still works under gain saturation,showing the robustness of the *** and experiments attest that the shaping is effective even with a highly multimode fiber amplifier carrying up to 127 modes.

关键词： adaptive optics amplification beam shaping complex media multimode optical fiber

Dimensions of hepatocellular carcinoma phenotypic diversity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第40期24卷 4536-4547页

作者： Romain Désert Natalia Nieto Orlando Musso institut NuMeCan Université de Rennes 1 Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA) Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) department of Pathology Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology and Hepatology) University of Illinois at Chicago

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the 3^(rd) leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. More than 80% of HCCs arise within chronic liver disease resulting from viral hepatitis, alcohol, hemochromatosis, obesity and metabolic syndrome or genotoxins. Projections based on Western lifestyle and its metabolic consequences anticipate a further increase in incidence, despite recent breakthroughs in the management of viral hepatitis. HCCs display high heterogeneity of molecular phenotypes, which challenges clinical management. However, emerging molecular classifications of HCCs have not yet formed a unified corpus translatable to the clinical practice. Thus, patient management is currently based upon tumor number, size, vascular invasion, performance status and functional liver reserve. Nonetheless, an impressive body of molecular evidence emerged within the last 20 years and is becoming increasingly available to medical practitioners and researchers in the form of repositories. Therefore, the aim this work is to review molecular data underlying HCC classifications and to organize this corpus into the major dimensions explaining HCC phenotypic diversity. Major efforts have been recently made worldwide toward a unifying "clinically-friendly" molecular landscape. As a result, a consensus emerges on three major dimensions explaining the HCC heterogeneity. In the first dimension, tumor cell proliferation and differentiation enabled allocation of HCCs to two major classes presenting profoundly different clinical aggressiveness. In the second dimension, HCC microenvironment and tumor immunity underlie recent therapeutic breakthroughs prolonging patients' survival. In the third dimension,metabolic reprogramming, with the recent emergence of subclass-specific metabolic profiles, may lead to adaptive and combined therapeutic approaches. Therefore, here we review recent molecular evidence, their impact on tumor histopathological features and clinical behavior and highlight the r

关键词： Liver metabolism Liver zonation Hepatocellular carcinoma classification Wnt/β-catenin TP53 Tumor microenvironment Inflammation Tumor immunity Hepatocyte proliferation Hepatocyte differentiation

Facilitated Fe Nutrition by Phenolic Compounds Excreted by the Arabidopsis ABCG37/PDR9 Transporter Requires the IRT1/FRO2 High-Affinity Root Fe^2＋ Transport System

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Molecular Plant 2016年第3期9卷 485-488页

作者： Pierre Fourcroy Nicolas Tissot Frederic Gaymard Jean-Francois Briat Christian Dubos Biochimie et Physiologie Moldculaire des Plantes Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Universite Montpellier SupAgro Bat 7 2 place Viala 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1 France

Iron （Fe） is an essential metal nutrient for plant productivity and plant product quality （Briat et al., 2015）. Fe exists under two forms, ferrous （Fe^2＋） or ferric （Fe^3＋）, and is very reactive with oxygen, explaining why Fe plant nutrition is dependent upon both Fe chelation and Fe reduction. Fe availability in the soil is pH dependent, this metal being particularly insoluble in its ferric form in calcareous soils, representing one-third of the world＇s cultivated soils. Consequently, plants grown on these soils, in particular non-graminaceous plants, often suffer from Fe deficiency, which alters their growth.

关键词： Phenols Arabidopsis proteins Iron deficiency diseases in plants