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Probing nickelate superconductors at atomic scale: A STEM review

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CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 2-11页

作者： Lei, Yihan Wang, Yanghe Song, Jiahao Ge, Jinxin Wu, Dirui Zhang, Yingli Li, Changjian Southern Univ sci & Technol Dept Mat Sci & Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Southern Univ sci & Technol Guangdong Prov Key Lab Funct Oxide Mat & Devices Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

The discovery of nickelate superconductors, including doped infinite-layer (IL) nickelates RNiO2 (R = La, Pr, Nd), layered square-planar nickelate Nd6Ni5O12, and the Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phase La3Ni2O7, has spurred immense interest in fundamental research and potential applications. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has proven crucial for understanding structure-property correlations in these diverse nickelate superconducting systems. In this review, we summarize the key findings from various modes of STEM, elucidating the mechanism of different nickelate superconductors. We also discuss future perspectives on emerging STEM techniques for unraveling the pairing mechanism in the "nickel age" of superconductivity.

关键词： scanning transmission electron microscopy superconductivity epitaxial thin films nickelates 68.37.Ma 74.25.Dw 81.30.Dz 79.20.Uv LANIO3 PEROVSKITE REDUCED FORMS RECONSTRUCTION INTERFACE

Detection of ribophagy in yeast and mammals

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Biophysics Reports 2024年第2期10卷 82-101页

作者： Miao Ye Yuting Chen Zhaojie Liu Yigang Wang Cong Yi Xinyuan institute of Medicine and Biotechnology School of Life Sciences and Medicine Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Department of Biochemistry and Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University

Ribophagy, the cellular process wherein ribosomes are selectively self-digested through autophagy,plays a pivotal role in maintaining ribosome turnover. Understanding the molecular regulatory mechanisms governing ribophagy is pivotal to uncover its significance. Consequently, the establishment of methods for detecting ribophagy becomes important. In this protocol, we have optimized, enriched,and advanced existing ribophagy detection techniques, including immunoblotting, fluorescence microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy(TEM), to precisely monitor and quantify ribophagic events. Particularly noteworthy is the introduction of TEM technology for yeast ribophagy detection. In summary, the delineated methods are applicable for detecting ribophagy in both yeast and mammals,laying a solid foundation for further exploring the physiological importance of ribophagy and its potential implications in diverse cellular environments.

关键词： Ribophagy Ribosome turnover Immunoblotting Fluorescence microscopy Transmission electron microscopy Yeast and mammals

Epigenetic silencing of BEND4, a novel DNA damage repair gene, is a synthetic lethal marker for ATM inhibitor in pancreatic cancer

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FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE 2024年第4期18卷 721-734页

作者： Yao, Yuanxin Lv, Honghui Zhang, Meiying Li, Yuan Herman, James G. Brock, Malcolm V. Gao, Aiai Wang, Qian Fuks, Francois Zhang, Lirong Guo, Mingzhou Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp Med Ctr 1 Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol Beijing 100853 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Pharmacol Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Henan Inst Adv Technol Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp Med Ctr 1 Natl Key Lab Kidney Dis Chinese PLA Inst NephrolState Key Lab Kidney Dis Beijing 100853 Peoples R China Univ Pittsburgh UPMC Hillman Canc Ctr Med Ctr Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Johns Hopkins Sch Med Sch Med Dept Surg Baltimore MD 21287 USA Univ Libre Bruxelles ULB Fac Med Canc Res Ctr U CRC Lab Canc Epigenet B-1070 Brussels Belgium

Synthetic lethality is a novel model for cancer therapy. To understand the function and mechanism of BEN domain-containing protein 4 (BEND4) in pancreatic cancer, eight cell lines and a total of 492 cases of pancreatic neoplasia samples were included in this study. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, CRISPR/Cas9, immunoprecipitation assay, comet assay, and xenograft mouse model were used. BEND4 is a new member of the BEN domain family. The expression of BEND4 is regulated by promoter region methylation. It is methylated in 58.1% (176/303) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), 33.3% (14/42) of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, 31.0% (13/42) of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, 14.3% (3/21) of mucinous cystic neoplasm, 4.3% (2/47) of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm, and 2.7% (1/37) of serous cystic neoplasm. BEND4 methylation is significantly associated with late-onset PDAC (> 50 years, P < 0.01) and tumor differentiation (P < 0.0001), and methylation of BEND4 is an independent poor prognostic marker (P < 0.01) in PDAC. Furthermore, BEND4 plays tumor-suppressive roles in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, BEND4 involves non-homologous end joining signaling by interacting with Ku80 and promotes DNA damage repair. Loss of BEND4 increased the sensitivity of PDAC cells to ATM inhibitor. Collectively, the present study revealed an uncharacterized tumor suppressor BEND4 and indicated that methylation of BEND4 may serve as a potential synthetic lethal marker for ATM inhibitor in PDAC treatment.

关键词： BEND4 DNA methylation synthetic lethality NHEJ pathway IDENTIFY MOLECULAR SUBTYPES PATHWAY DOMAIN

Orbital angular momentum conversion of acoustic vortex beams via planar lattice coupling

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CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 413-420页

作者： Han, Qingbang Liu, Zhipeng Yin, Cheng Wu, Simeng Luo, Yinlong Yang, Zixin Pan, Xiuyang Wang, Yiqiu Kan, Xuefen Zhang, Yuqiu Yu, Qiang Wu, Jian Hohai Univ Coll Informat Sci & Engn Changzhou 213200 Peoples R China Natl Univ Def Technol Coll Adv Interdisciplinary Studies Nanhu Laser Lab Changsha 410073 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Suzhou Inst Nanotech & Nanob i Lab Suzhou 215123 Peoples R China Jiangsu Shipping Coll Sch Transportat Engn Nantong 226010 Peoples R China

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) conversion is critical in understanding interactions between a structural sound field and a planar lattice. Herein, we explore the evolution of a monochromatic acoustic vortex beam (AVB) that is scattered by a phononic crystal (PnC) or a correlated random lattice. The phenomenon is ascribed to the enhanced orbit-orbit angular momentum coupling induced by the band structure. By modifying the coupling condition, accurate and continuous micro-manipulation of AVBs can be achieved, including the transverse/lateral gravity shift, the dynamics of the phase singularities, and the spatial distribution of acoustic pressure, etc. This research provides insight to the inhomogeneous coupling of AVBs with both propagating Bloch waves and localized Anderson modes, and may facilitate development of novel OAM-based acoustic devices for active sound field manipulation.

关键词： acoustic vortex beam phononic crystal Anderson localization Imbert-Fedorov effect 43.40.+s 43.20.+g 46.40.-f 46.40.Cd

2D material inorganic liquid crystals for tunable deep UV light modulation

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National science Review 2022年第12期9卷 62-63页

作者： Young Hee Lee Department of Energy science and Department of Physics Sungkyunkwan University ibs Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics Institute for Basic Science Sungkyunkwan University

Modulation of light refers to the modulation of electromagnetic radiation in the optical region including visible light as well as ultraviolet and infrared radiation,in which the amplitude (and therefore the intensity),phase,frequency or polarization of the radiated oscillations can be changed [1].Optical modulator devices are widely used in industry,as represented by liquid crystal optical modulators having an annual global market worth of over US$100 ***,

关键词： EXFOLIATION

ELABELA-derived peptide ELA13 attenuates kidney fibrosis by inhibiting the Smad and ERK signaling pathways

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第4期25卷 341-353页

作者： Zhibin YAN Ying SHI Runling YANG Jijun XUE Caiyun FU Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine College of Life Sciences and MedicineZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province School of Basic Medical Sciences&Research Unit of Peptide ScienceChinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU066Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Kidney fibrosis is an inevitable result of various chronic kidney diseases(CKDs)and significantly contributes to end-stage renal ***,there is no specific treatment available for renal ***13(amino acid sequence:RRCMPLHSRVPFP)is a conserved region of ELABELA in all vertebrates;however,its biological activity has been very little *** the present study,we evaluated the therapeutic effect of ELA13 on transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-treated NRK-52E cells and unilateral ureteral occlusion(UUO)*** results demonstrated that ELA13 could improve renal function by reducing creatinine and urea nitrogen content in serum,and reduce the expression of fibrosis biomarkers confirmed by Masson staining,immunohistochemistry,real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and western *** biomarkers were increased after UUO and decreased by administration of ***,we found that the levels of essential molecules in the mothers against decapentaplegic(Smad)and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)pathways were reduced by ELA13 treatment in vivo and in *** conclusion,ELA13 protected against kidney fibrosis through inhibiting the Smad and ERK signaling pathways and could thus be a promising candidate for anti-renal fibrosis treatment.

关键词： ELA13 Kidney fibrosis Inflammation Smad Extracllular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)

Inclusive quasielastic neutrino-nucleus scattering with energy density functional nuclear models

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 153-158页

作者： K.S.Kim Soonchul Choi Hana Gil Chang Ho Hyun School of liberal arts and science korea aerospace universitygoyang 10540korea Center for exotic nuclear studies institute for basic sciencedaejeon 34126korea Center for extreme nuclear matters korea universityseoul 02841korea Department of physics education daegu universitygyeongsan 38453korea

In this study,we calculated the inclusive charged-current neutrino-nucleus scattering from ^(40)Ar in the quasielastic *** explore the effect of uncertainties stemming from the nuclear structure,we used the KIDS(Korea-ibs-Daegu-SKKU)nuclear energy density functional and Skyrme force models,namely SLy4,SkI3,and *** models were selected to have distinct behavior in terms of the density dependence of the symmetry energy and the effective mass of the *** the charged-current neutrino scattering,the single-and double-differential cross sections were calculated for various *** cross sections are reported as a function of the incident neutrino *** theoretical cross sections were compared with experimental data,and the roles of the effective mass and symmetry energy were investigated in terms of charged-current neutrino-nucleus scattering.

关键词： energy density functional neutrino-nucleus scattering symmetry energy effective mass of the nucleon

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Random pinhole attenuator for high-power laser beams

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High Power Laser science and Engineering 2024年第3期 121-126页

作者： Seong Cheol Park Hyeok Yun Jin Woo Yoon Seong Ku Lee Jae Hee Sung Il Woo Choi Chang Hee Nam Kyung Taec Kim Department of Physics and Photon science Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Center for Relativistic Laser science Institute for Basic Science Advanced Photonics Research institute Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology

The intensity attenuation of a high-power laser is a frequent task in the measurements of optical science. Laser intensity can be attenuated by inserting an optical element, such as a partial reflector, polarizer or absorption filter. These devices are, however, not always easily applicable, especially in the case of ultra-high-power lasers, because they can alter the characteristics of a laser beam or become easily damaged. In this study, we demonstrated that the intensity of a laser beam could be effectively attenuated using a random pinhole attenuator(RPA), a device with randomly distributed pinholes, without changing the beam properties. With this device, a multi-PW laser beam was successfully attenuated and the focused beam profile was measured without any alterations of its characteristics. In addition, it was confirmed that the temporal profile of a laser pulse, including the spectral phase, was preserved. Consequently, the RPA possesses significant potential for a wide range of applications.

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Standard Embeddings of Smooth Schubert Varieties in Rational Homogeneous Manifolds of Picard Number 1

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2018年第3期34卷 466-487页

作者： Shin-Young KIM Kyeong-Dong PARK Department of Mathematics and Statistics Masaryk University Brno Czech Center for Geometry and Physics Institute for Basic Science ( IBS) Pohang Korea

Smooth Schubert varieties in rational homogeneous manifolds of Picard number 1 are horospherical varieties. We characterize standard embeddings of smooth Schubert varieties in rational homogeneous manifolds of Picard number 1 by means of varieties of minimal rational tangents. In particular, we mainly consider nonhomogeneous smooth Schubert varieties in symplectic Grassmannians and in the 20-dimensional F_4- homogeneous manifold associated to a short simple root.

关键词： Smooth Schubert varieties rational homogeneous manifolds variety of minimal rational tangents standard embeddings Cartan-Fubini extension

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