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Multiphase cooperation for multilevel strain accommodation in a single-crystalline BiFeO3 thin film

CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 57-66页

作者： Choi, Wooseon Park, Bumsu Hwang, Jaejin Han, Gyeongtak Yang, Sang-Hyeok Lee, Hyeon Jun Lee, Sung Su Jo, Ji Young Borisevich, Albina Y. Jeong, Hu Young Oh, Sang Ho Lee, Jaekwang Kim, Young-Min Sungkyunkwan Univ SKKU Dept Energy Sci Seoul 16419 South Korea Samsung Elect Hwaseong 18448 South Korea Pusan Natl Univ Dept Phys Busan 46241 South Korea LG Energy Solut Daejeon 34122 South Korea Kangwon Natl Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Chunchon South Korea Gwangju inst sci & Technol GIST Sch Mat Sci & Engn Gwangju 61005 South Korea Oak Ridge Natl Lab Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA Ulsan Natl inst sci & Technol UNIST Grad Sch Semicond Mat & Devices Engn Ulsan 44919 South Korea Korea inst Energy Technol KENTECH KENTECH Inst Energy Mat & Devices Dept Energy Engn Naju 58330 South Korea

The functionalities and diverse metastable phases of multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films depend on the misfit strain. Although mixed phase-induced strain relaxation in multiphase BFO thin films is well known, it is unclear whether a single-crystalline BFO thin film can accommodate misfit strain without the involvement of its polymorphs. Thus, understanding the strain relaxation behavior is key to elucidating the lattice strain-property relationship. In this study, a correlative strain analysis based on dark-field inline electron holography (DIH) and quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) was performed to reveal the structural mechanism for strain accommodation of a single-crystalline BFO thin film. The nanoscale DIH strain analysis results indicated a random combination of multiple strain states that acted as a primary strain relief, forming irregularly strained nanodomains. The STEM-based bond length measurement of the corresponding strained nanodomains revealed a unique strain accommodation behavior achieved by a statistical combination of multiple modes of distorted structures on the unit-cell scale. The globally integrated strain for each nanodomain was estimated to be close to -1.5%, irrespective of the nanoscale strain states, which was consistent with the fully strained BFO film on the SrTiO3 substrate. Density functional theory calculations suggested that strain accommodation by the combination of metastable phases was energetically favored compared to single-phase-mediated relaxation. This discovery allows a comprehensive understanding of strain accommodation behavior in ferroelectric oxide films, such as BFO, with various low-symmetry polymorphs.

关键词： BiFeO3 scanning transmission electron microscopy electron holography multiferroic material strain mapping MORPHOTROPIC PHASE-BOUNDARY POLARIZATION ROTATION OXIDE

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Chasing Sequencing Perfection: Marching Toward Higher Accuracy and Lower Costs

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GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2024年第2期22卷 qzae024页

作者： Jia, Hangxing Tan, Shengjun Zhang, Yong E. Chinese Acad sci Inst Zool CAS Key Lab Zool Systemat & Evolut Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Inst Zool State Key Lab Integrated Management Pest Insects & Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci CAS Ctr Excellence Anim Evolut & Genet Kunming 650223 Peoples R China

Next-generation sequencing (NGS), represented by Illumina platforms, has been an essential cornerstone of basic and applied research. However, the sequencing error rate of 1 per 1000 base pairs (10-3) represents a serious hurdle for research areas focusing on rare mutations, such as somatic mosaicism or microbe heterogeneity. By examining the high-fidelity sequencing methods developed in the past decade, we summarized three major factors underlying errors and the corresponding 12 strategies mitigating these errors. We then proposed a novel framework to classify 11 preexisting representative methods according to the corresponding combinatory strategies and identified 3 trends that emerged during methodological developments. We further extended this analysis to 8 long-read sequencing methods, emphasizing error reduction strategies. Finally, we suggest 2 promising future directions that could achieve comparable or even higher accuracy with lower costs in both NGS and long-read sequencing.

关键词： Sequencing error High-fidelity sequencing Consensus sequencing Single-molecule sequencing Rare mutation RARE MUTATIONS PARALLEL QUANTIFICATION ERRORS DAMAGE

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Synthesis methods and powder quality of titanium monocarbide

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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2024年第8期72卷 10-18页

作者： Xiang, Maoqiao Ding, Wenjun Dong, Qinghua Zhu, Qingshan Chinese Acad sci Inst Proc Engn State Key Lab Mesosci & Engn Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad sci Sch Chem Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Innovat Acad Green Manufacture Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

Titanium monocarbide (TiC), which is the most stable titanium-based carbide, has attracted considerable interest in the fields of energy, catalysis, and structural materials due to its excellent properties. Synthesis of high-quality TiC powders with low cost and high efficiency is crucial for industrial applications; however major challenges face its realization. Herein, the methods for synthesizing TiC powders based on a reaction system are reviewed. This analysis is focused on the underlying mechanisms by which synthesis methods affect the quality of powders. Notably, strategies for improving the synthesis of highquality powders are analyzed from the perspective of enhancing heat and mass transfer processes. Furthermore, the critical issues, challenges, and development trends of the synthesis technology and application of high-quality TiC powder are discussed. (c) 2024 The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press Co., Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Titanium carbide Synthesis methods Reaction engineering Reaction kinetics Powder technology LOW-TEMPERATURE PREPARATION SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH MOLTEN-SALT CARBOTHERMAL SYNTHESIS THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE EVOLUTION REACTION TIC POWDERS LOW-COST CARBIDE

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Proteomic Stratification of Prognosis and Treatment Options for Small Cell Lung Cancer

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GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2024年第2期22卷 qzae033页

作者： Huo, Zitian Duan, Yaqi Zhan, Dongdong Xu, Xizhen Zheng, Nairen Cai, Jing Sun, Ruifang Wang, Jianping Cheng, Fang Gao, Zhan Xu, Caixia Liu, Wanlin Dong, Yuting Ma, Sailong Zhang, Qian Zheng, Yiyun Lou, Liping Kuang, Dong Chu, Qian Qin, Jun Wang, Guoping Wang, Yi Huazhong Univ sci & Technol Tongji Hosp Inst Pathol Tongji Med Coll Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ sci & Technol Tongji Med Coll Sch Basic Med Dept Pathol Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ sci & Technol Tongji Med Coll Tongji Hosp Natl Hlth CommissKey Lab Resp Dis Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China Beijing Pineal Diagnost Co Ltd Beijing 102206 Peoples R China Beijing inst Life Beijing Proteome Res Ctr Natl Ctr Prot Sci Beijing State Key Lab Prote Beijing 102206 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ sci & Technol Tongji Hosp Tongji Med Coll Dept Oncol Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Bioinformat Chongqing Key Lab Big Data Bio Intelligence Chongqing 400065 Peoples R China Henan Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Inst Pathol Kaifeng 475001 Peoples R China Shanxi Canc Hosp Dept Tumor Biobank Taiyuan 030013 Peoples R China

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly malignant and heterogeneous cancer with limited therapeutic options and prognosis prediction models. Here, we analyzed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of surgical resections by proteomic profiling, and stratified SCLC into three proteomic subtypes (S-I, S-II, and S-III) with distinct clinical outcomes and chemotherapy responses. The proteomic subtyping was an independent prognostic factor and performed better than current tumor-node-metastasis or Veterans Administration Lung Study Group staging methods. The subtyping results could be further validated using FFPE biopsy samples from an independent cohort, extending the analysis to both surgical and biopsy samples. The signatures of the S-II subtype in particular suggested potential benefits from immunotherapy. Differentially overexpressed proteins in S-III, the worst prognostic subtype, allowed us to nominate potential therapeutic targets, indicating that patient selection may bring new hope for previously failed clinical trials. Finally, analysis of an independent cohort of SCLC patients who had received immunotherapy validated the prediction that the S-II patients had better progression-free survival and overall survival after first-line immunotherapy. Collectively, our study provides the rationale for future clinical investigations to validate the current findings for more accurate prognosis prediction and precise treatments.

关键词： Small cell lung cancer Proteomics Prognosis Chemotherapy response Immunotherapy DOMAIN-LIKE PROTEIN PROTEOGENOMIC CHARACTERIZATION PRIMARY TUMOR EXPRESSION NECROPTOSIS LINES IDENTIFICATION ESTABLISHMENT CHEMOTHERAPY BIOMARKER

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Epigenetics and environmental health

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FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE 2024年第4期18卷 571-596页

作者： Zhang, Min Hu, Ting Ma, Tianyu Huang, Wei Wang, Yan Chinese Acad Med sci & Peking Union Med Coll Natl Canc Ctr Key Lab Canc & Microbiome State Key Lab Mol OncolNatl Clin Res Ctr CancCan Beijing 100021 Peoples R China Capital Med Univ Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Biochem & Mol Biol Beijing Key Lab Canc Invas & Metastasis Res Beijing 100069 Peoples R China

Epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and RNA modifications complicate gene regulation and heredity and profoundly impact various physiological and pathological processes. In recent years, accumulating evidence indicates that epigenetics is vulnerable to environmental changes and regulates the growth, development, and diseases of individuals by affecting chromatin activity and regulating gene expression. Environmental exposure or induced epigenetic changes can regulate the state of development and lead to developmental disorders, aging, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, cancers, and so on. However, epigenetic modifications are reversible. The use of specific epigenetic inhibitors targeting epigenetic changes in response to environmental exposure is useful in disease therapy. Here, we provide an overview of the role of epigenetics in various diseases. Furthermore, we summarize the mechanism of epigenetic alterations induced by different environmental exposures, the influence of different environmental exposures, and the crosstalk between environmental variation epigenetics, and genes that are implicated in the body's health. However, the interaction of multiple factors and epigenetics in regulating the initiation and progression of various diseases complicates clinical treatments. We discuss some commonly used epigenetic drugs targeting epigenetic modifications and methods to prevent or relieve various diseases regulated by environmental exposure and epigenetics through diet.

关键词： epigenetics environmental exposure health prevention and therapy DNA-METHYLATION HISTONE MODIFICATION OXIDATIVE STRESS NONCODING RNAS BLOOD-PRESSURE EXPOSURE CANCER CELLS GENE MICROBIOTA

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Advanced strategies for 3D-printed neural scaffolds: materials, structure, and nerve remodeling

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BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING 2024年第5期7卷 747-770页

作者： He, Jian Qiao, Liang Li, Jiuhong Lu, Junlin Fu, Zhouping Chen, Jiafang Zhang, Xiangchun Hu, Xulin Henan Univ sci & Technol Coll Basic Med & Forens Med Luoyang 471023 Peoples R China Henan Univ sci & Technol Affiliated Hosp 1 Coll Clin Med Luoyang 471003 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Agr sci Tea Res Inst Hangzhou 310008 Peoples R China Chengdu Univ Affiliated Hosp Clin Med Coll Chengdu 610081 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Dept Cardiovasc Surg Dept BiotherapyCanc Ctr Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ West China Hosp State Key Lab Biotherapy Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Dept Neurosurg Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China

Nerve regeneration holds significant potential in the treatment of various skeletal and neurological disorders to restore lost sensory and motor functions. The potential of nerve regeneration in ameliorating neurological diseases and injuries is critical to human health. Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers versatility and precision in the fabrication of neural scaffolds. Complex neural structures such as neural tubes and scaffolds can be fabricated via 3D printing. This review comprehensively analyzes the current state of 3D-printed neural scaffolds and explores strategies to enhance their design. It highlights therapeutic strategies and structural design involving neural materials and stem cells. First, nerve regeneration materials and their fabrication techniques are outlined. The applications of conductive materials in neural scaffolds are reviewed, and their potential to facilitate neural signal transmission and regeneration is highlighted. Second, the progress in 3D-printed neural scaffolds applied to the peripheral and central nerves is comprehensively evaluated, and their potential to restore neural function and promote the recovery of different nervous systems is emphasized. In addition, various applications of 3D-printed neural scaffolds in peripheral and neurological diseases, as well as the design strategies of multifunctional biomimetic scaffolds, are discussed.

关键词： Nerve regeneration 3D printing based neural scaffolds Biomaterials Nervous system Design strategies SPINAL-CORD-INJURY PERIPHERAL-NERVE STEM-CELLS 3D FABRICATION DIFFERENTIATION INKS

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Temporal and spatial regulation of biomimetic vascularization in 3D-printed skeletal muscles

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BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING 2024年第5期7卷 597-610页

作者： Jia, Minxuan Fan, Tingting Jia, Tan Liu, Xin Liu, Heng Gu, Qi Chinese Acad sci Inst Zool Key Lab Organ Regenerat & Reconstruct State Key Lab Membrane Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Beijing inst Stem Cell & Regenerat Med Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Capital Med Univ Beijing Jishuitan Hosp Dept Orthopaed Beijing 100035 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci State Key Lab Stem Cell & Reprod Biol Inst Zool Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

In the intricate skeletal muscle tissue, the symbiotic relationship between myotubes and their supporting vasculature is pivotal in delivering essential oxygen and nutrients. This study explored the complex interplay between skeletal muscle and endothelial cells in the vascularization of muscle tissue. By harnessing the capabilities of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting and modeling, we developed a novel approach involving the co-construction of endothelial and muscle cells, followed by their subsequent differentiation. Our findings highlight the importance of the interaction dynamics between these two cell types. Notably, introducing endothelial cells during the advanced phases of muscle differentiation enhanced myotube assembly. Moreover, it stimulated the development of the vascular network, paving the way for the early stages of vascularized skeletal muscle development. The methodology proposed in this study indicates the potential for constructing large-scale, physiologically aligned skeletal muscle. Additionally, it highlights the need for exploring the delicate equilibrium and mutual interactions between muscle and endothelial cells. Based on the multicell-type interaction model, we can predict promising pathways for constructing even more intricate tissues or organs. [GRAPHICS] .

关键词： Skeletal muscle Vascularization 3D bioprinting Cell interaction

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Research on silicon avalanche photodetector with wideband response

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JOURNAL OF INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES 2024年第4期43卷 464-471页

作者： Peng, Hong-Ling Wei, Jia-Qi Song, Chun-Xu Wang, Tian-Cai Cao, Peng Deng, Jie Chen, Jian Zhuang, Qian-Dong Zheng, Wan-Hua Chinese Acad sci Inst Semicond Lab Solid State Optoelect Informat Technol Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad sci Coll Elect & Commun Engn Beijing 101408 Peoples R China Southwest inst Tech Phys Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Univ Lancaster Phys Dept Lancaster LA1 4YB England

: Based on the current application requirements for wideband response photodetectors, , we designed a novel silicon avalanche photodetector (Si APD) ) with high response in a broad spectral range of 250-1100 nm and it could achieve efficient detection of ultraviolet, , visible and near-infrared light without splicing. The enhancement of silicon on ultraviolet and infrared bands was separately analyzed. This was followed by simulation on the device structure de- signs using different methods such as back incidence, , to improve short wavelength absorption while maintaining a high infrared absorption. The Si APD shows a peak wavelength at around 940 nm and a high photoresponse at 250 nm and 1 100 nm which exceeds 15% of the peak responsivity. This type of device is suitable for multispectral applications and future high-precision detection.

关键词： silicon avalanche photodetector wideband response ultraviolet enhancement near-infrared enhancement ULTRAVIOLET

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A quantum-enhanced magnetometer using a single high-spin nucleus in silicon

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CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 110-115页

作者： Xin, Tao Zhang, Ke Li, Jun Southern Univ sci & Technol Shenzhen Inst Quantum Sci & Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Southern Univ sci & Technol Guangdong Prov Key Lab Quantum Sci & Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Shenzhen Univ Inst Quantum Precis Measurement State Key Lab Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integr Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China Shenzhen Univ Coll Phys & Optoelect Engn Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China Phys Tech Bundesanstalt Bundesallee100 D-38116 Braunschweig Germany

Quantum enhanced metrology has the potential to go beyond the standard quantum limit and eventually to the ultimate Heisenberg bound. In particular, quantum probes prepared in nonclassical coherent states have recently been recognized as a useful resource for metrology. Hence, there has been considerable interest in constructing magnetic quantum sensors that combine high resolution and high sensitivity. Here, we explore a nanoscale magnetometer with quantum-enhanced sensitivity, based on Sb-123 (I = 7/2) nuclear spin doped in silicon, that takes advantage of techniques of spin-squeezing and coherent control. With the optimal squeezed initial state, the magnetic field sensitivity may be expected to approach 6 aT & sdot;Hz(-1/2)& sdot;cm(-3/2) and 603 nT & sdot;Hz(-1/2) at the single-spin level. This magnetic sensor may provide a novel sensitive and high-resolution route to microscopic mapping of magnetic fields as well as other applications.

关键词： quantum magnetometer silicon quantum qubit nuclear electrical resonance 03.67.Lx 03.67.-a 42.50.Dv

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basic Research on the Burden of Dropping off and Picking up Children: Differences by Employment Type and Gender in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第3期14卷 445-461页

作者： Jun Morio Koshi Isono Masahiko Kikuchi Tetsuo Morita The institute of Behavioral sciences (ibs) Tokyo Japan City Bureau Ministry of Land Infrastructure Transport and Tourism Tokyo Japan Maebashi institute of Technology Maebashi Japan

There is a need to reduce the burden of child drop-off and pick-up for child-rearing generations, but most studies on the actual situation in Japan are based on survey results. In this study, we analyzed differences in child drop-off and pick-up by employment type and gender, utilizing the “Metropolitan Area Person Trip Survey,” which is a statistical data set. The study targeted households in which both spouses were between 30 and 49 years old, had children under the age of 6, and included the following three groups. 1) Dual-income Group 1 (both spouses employed/on contract/temporary);2) Dual-income Group 2 (husband employed/on contract/temporary, wife part-time);3) Full-time housewife group (husband employed, wife unemployed). The analysis revealed that a) wives are almost always responsible for dropping off and picking up their children;b) husbands drop off and pick up their children less frequently in dual-income households;and c) households with children raising within 10 to 30 km of Tokyo Station have longer commuting times and need to reduce the burden of dropping off and picking up their children.

关键词： Drop-Off and Pick-Up Employment Type Gender Dual-Income Households Tokyo Metropolitan Area

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