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Detecting dynamic structural evolution based on in-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction technology for sodium layered oxide cathodes

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 146-160页

作者： Yan-Jiang Li Shu-Lei Chou Yao Xiao Wenzhou Key laboratory of Sodium-Ion Batteries Wenzhou University Technology Innovation Institute for Carbon Neutralization

The detrimental phase transformations of sodium layered transition metal oxides（NaxTMO2） during desodiation/sodiation seriously suppress their practical applications for sodium ion batteries（SIBs）. Undoubtedly, comprehensively investigating of the dynamic crystal structure evolutions of NaxTMO2associating with Na ions extraction/intercalation and then deeply understanding of the relationships between electrochemical performances and phase structures drawing support from advanced characterization techniques are indispensable. In-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction（HEXRD）, a powerful technology to distinguish the crystal structure of electrode materials, has been widely used to identify the phase evolutions of NaxTMO2and then profoundly revealed the electrochemical reaction processes. In this review, we begin with the descriptions of synchrotron characterization techniques and then present the advantages of synchrotron X-ray diffraction（XRD） over conventional XRD in detail. The optimizations of structural stability and electrochemical properties for P2-, O3-, and P2/O3-type NaxTMO2cathodes through single/dual-site substitution, high-entropy design, phase composition regulation, and surface engineering are *** dynamic crystal structure evolutions of NaxTMO2polytypes during Na ion extraction/intercalation as well as corresponding structural enhancement mechanisms characterizing by means of HEXRD are concluded. The interior relationships between structure/component of NaxTMO2polytypes and their electrochemical properties are discussed. Finally, we look forward the research directions and issues in the route to improve the electrochemical properties of NaxTMO2cathodes for SIBs in the future and the combined utilizations of multiple characterization techniques. This review will provide significant guidelines for rational designs of high-performance NaxTMO2cathodes.

关键词： electrochemistry In-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction Layered oxides Phase evolutions Sodium-ion batteries

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Improving the reliability of classical molecular dynamics simulations in battery electrolyte design

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 34-41页

作者： Xin He Yujie Zhang Haomiao Li Min Zhou Wei Wang Ruxing Wang Kai Jiang Kangli Wang State Key laboratory of Advanced electromagnetic technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould technology College of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Collaborative innovation Center for High-efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy Hubei University of Technology

Explorations into new electrolytes have highlighted the critical impact of solvation structure on battery performance,Classical molecular dynamics(CMD) using semi-empirical force fields has become an essential tool for simulating solvation ***,mainstream force fields often lack accuracy in describing strong ion-solvent interactions,causing disparities between CMD simulations and experimental *** some empirical methods have been employed in some of the studies to address this issue,their effectiveness has been *** CMD research,supported by quantum chemical calculations and experimental data,reveals that the solvation structure is influenced not only by the charge model but also by the polarization *** empirical approaches that focused solely on adjusting ion-solvent interaction strengths overlooked the importance of polarization *** on this insight,we propose integrating the Drude polarization model into mainstream force fields and verify its feasibility in carbonate,ether,and nitrile *** experimental results demonstrate that this approach significantly enhances the accuracy of CMD-simulated solvation *** work is expected to provide a more reliable CMD method for electrolyte design,shielding researchers from the pitfalls of erroneous simulation outcomes.

关键词： Classical molecular dynamics electrolyte Simulations Solvation structure

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Streamlined photonic reservoir computer with augmented memory capabilities

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Opto-electronic Advances 2025年第1期8卷 45-57页

作者： Changdi Zhou Yu Huang Yigong Yang Deyu Cai Pei Zhou Kuenyao Lau Nianqiang Li Xiaofeng Li School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering&Collaborative innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Key Lab of Advanced optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province&Key Lab of Modern optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

Photonic platforms are gradually emerging as a promising option to encounter the ever-growing demand for artificial intelligence,among which photonic time-delay reservoir computing(TDRC)is widely *** such a computing paradigm can only employ a single photonic device as the nonlinear node for data processing,the performance highly relies on the fading memory provided by the delay feedback loop(FL),which sets a restriction on the extensibility of physical implementation,especially for highly integrated ***,we present a simplified photonic scheme for more flexible parameter configurations leveraging the designed quasi-convolution coding(QC),which completely gets rid of the dependence on *** delay-based TDRC,encoded data in QC-based RC(QRC)enables temporal feature extraction,facilitating augmented memory ***,our proposed QRC is enabled to deal with time-related tasks or sequential data without the implementation of ***,we can implement this hardware with a low-power,easily integrable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser for high-performance parallel *** illustrate the concept validation through simulation and experimental comparison of QRC and TDRC,wherein the simpler-structured QRC outperforms across various benchmark *** results may underscore an auspicious solution for the hardware implementation of deep neural networks.

关键词： photonic reservoir computing machine learning vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser quasi-convolution coding augmented memory capabilities

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Numerical Study of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Shell-and-Tube Molten Salt Electric Heater with Circularly Perforated Baffles

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 24-33页

作者： LIN Yongjie ZHANG Cancan WU Yuting ZHANG Yi LU Yuanwei Key laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion National User-Side Energy Storage Innovation Research and Development CenterBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Numerical simulations of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of four shell-and-tube molten salt electric heaters with different perforation rates was ***-and-tube electric heaters have the same geometry and tube arrangement,and all of them use single segmental baffles,but there exist four different baffle openings(φ),i.e.,0%,2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%.The results indicated that the reasonable baffle opening could significantly reduce the shell-side pressure drop,effectively decreasing the shell-side flow dead zone *** can eliminate the local high-temperature phenomenon on the surface of electric heating tubes,but the heat transfer coefficient is slightly *** perforated schemes significantly reduce shell-side pressure drop compared to the baseline solution without open *** particular,the φ=6.31% scheme exhibits the optimal performance among all the schemes,with a maximum reduction of up to 50.50% in shell-side pressure drop relative to the unopened holes *** heat transfer coefficient is the highest for φ=0%,exhibiting a range of5.26% to 5.73%,5.14% to 5.99%,and 7.31% to 8.54% higher than φ=2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%,respectively,within the calculated *** composite index h/(Δp)^(1/3)was higher for all open-hole solutions than that for the unopened-hole *** best overall performance was for φ=6.31%,which improved the composite index by15.29%to 17.18%over the unopened-hole solution.

关键词： molten salt electric heater perforated baffles heat transfer

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Toward long-life Zn anode using highly polar electrolyte additives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 651-660页

作者： Nengbin Cai Hongming Chen Busheng Zhang Zijing Liu Xinbo He Dan Zhou Beijing Advanced innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Shunde innovation School University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Textile Science and Engineering Wuyi University

Unstable Zn interface caused by rampant dendrite growth and parasitic side reactions always hinders the practical application of aqueous zinc metal batteries（AZMBs）,Herein,tyrosine（Tyr） with high molecular polarity was introduced into aqueous electrolyte to modulate the interfacial electrochemistry of Zn *** AZMBs,the positively charged side of Tyr can be well adsorbed on the surface of Zn anode to form a water-poor layer,and the exposed carboxylate side can be easily coordinated with Zn2+,favoring inducing uniform plating of Zn2+and inhibiting the occurrence of water-induced side *** in turn enable the achievement of highly stable Zn ***,the Zn anodes achieve outstanding cyclic stability(3000 h at 2 mA cm-2,2 mA h cm-2and 1300 h at 5 mA cm-2,5 mA h cm-2),high average Coulombic efficiency（99.4% over 3200 cycles）,and high depth of discharge（80% for 500 h）.Besides,the assembled Zn‖NaV3O8·1.5H2O full cells deliver remarkable capacity retention and ultra-long lifetime(61.8% over 6650 cycles at 5 A g-1) and enhanced rate capability(169 mA h g-1at 5 A g-1).The work may promote the design and deep understanding of electrolyte additives with high molecular polarity for high-performance AZMBs.

关键词： AZMBs electrolyte additives Highly stable Zn anode Interfacial electrochemistry Tyr

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Precise gradient separation of nanoparticles using reduced graphene oxide-polyoxomolybdate membranes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 209-216页

作者： Yixin Yang Wanlei Zhao Ruoxuan Zheng Hongqiang Li Wei Chen Yu-Fei Song State Key laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Quzhou Institute for innovation in Resource Chemical Engineering Quzhou 324000China

The purification and size sieving of nanoparticles(NPs)represents a significant scientific ***,the rGO-polyoxometalates(POMs=PMo_(12),Mo_(132)and Mo_(368))membranes were fabricated successfully via a simple and scalable POMsassisted in-situ photoreduction *** the mass ratio of rGO to PMo_(12)was 1:30,the resultant rGO-PMo_(12)membranes with highly ordered and uniform nanochannels of 1.0 nm can be obtained,which showed an accurate carbon quantum dots(CQDs)separation with a cut-off size approximately 1.0 *** increase of the size of the interlayered POMs from PMo_(12)(1.0 nm),{Mo132}(2.9 nm)to{Mo_(368)}(3.8 nm),the resultant rGO-PMo_(12),rGO-Mo_(132)and rGO-Mo_(368)exhibited precise gradient separation of CQDs and Au nanoparticles by size exclusion *** results pave a promising way to construct new twodimensional(2D)membranes for highly efficient size-selective separation.

关键词： reduced graphene oxide polyoxometalates membranes gradient separation nanoparticles

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Output Consensus of Heterogeneous Linear MASs via Adaptive Event-Triggered Feedback Combination Control

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 285-287页

作者： Shuo Yuan Chengpu Yu Jian Sun the School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology the Beijing Institute of technology Chongqing innovation Center

Dear Editor,This letter studies output consensus problem of heterogeneous linear multiagent systems over directed graphs. A novel adaptive dynamic event-triggered controller is presented based only on the feedback combination of the agent's own state and neighbors' output,which can achieve exponential output consensus through intermittent communication. The controller is obtained by solving two linear matrix equations, and Zeno behavior is excluded.

关键词： Directed graphs

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Construction of the porcine genome mobile element variations and investigation of its role in population diversity and gene expression

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 59-75页

作者： Jianchao Hu Lu Gui Zhongzi Wu Lusheng Huang National Key laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm innovation Ministry of Science and Technology of ChinaJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangPeople’s Republic of China

Background Mobile element variants(MEVs)have a significant and complex impact on genomic diversity and phe-notypic ***,the quantity,distribution,and relationship with gene expression and complex traits of MEVs in the pig genome remain poorly *** We constructed the most comprehensive porcine MEV library based on high-depth whole genome sequencing(WGS)data from 747 pigs across 59 breeds *** database identified a total of 147,993 poly-morphic MEVs,including 121,099 short interspersed nuclear elements(SINEs),26,053 long interspersed nuclear elements(LINEs),802 long terminal repeats(LTRs),and 39 other transposons,among which 54%are newly *** found that MEVs are unevenly distributed across the genome and are strongly influenced by negative selec-tion ***,we identified 514,530,and 584 candidate MEVs associated with population differentiation,domestication,and breed formation,*** example,a significantly differentiated MEV is located in the ATRX intron between Asian and European pigs,whereas ATRX is also differentially expressed between Asian and European pigs in muscle *** addition,we identified 4,169 expressed MEVs(eMEVs)significantly associated with gene expression and 6,914 splicing MEVs(sMEVs)associated with gene splicing based on RNA-seq data from 266 porcine liver *** eMEVs and sMEVs explain 6.24%and 9.47%,respectively,of the observed cis-heritability and high-light the important role of MEVs in the regulation of gene ***,we provide a high-quality SNP–MEV reference haplotype panel to impute MEV genotypes from genome-wide ***,we identified a candidate MEV significantly associated with total teat number,demonstrating the functionality of this reference *** The present investigation demonstrated the importance of MEVs in pigs in terms of population diversity,gene expression and phenotypic traits,which may provide useful resources and theoretic

关键词： Gene expression Genetic diversity Mobile element variants Pig SNP–MEV reference panel

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Perspectives on additive manufacturing for warhead applications

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Defence technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 225-251页

作者： Hao Xue Qiang Zhou Chuan Xiao Guangyan Huang State Key laboratory of Explosion Science and technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Ordnance Science and Research Academy of China Beijing 100089China Beijing Institute of technology Chongqing innovation Center Chongqing 401120China

According to different damage modes,warheads are roughly divided into three types:fragmentation warheads,shaped charge warheads,and penetrating *** to limitations in material and structural manufacturing,traditional manufacturing methods make it difficult to fully utilize the damage ability of the *** manufacturing(AM)technology can fabricate complex structures,with classified materials composition and customized components,while achieving low cost,high accuracy,and rapid production of the *** maturity of AM technology has brought about a new round of revolution in the field of *** this paper,we first review the principles,classifications,and characteristics of different AM *** development trends of AM technologies are pointed out,including multi-material AM technology,hybrid AM technology,and smart AM *** our survey,PBF,DED,and EBM technologies are mainly used to manufacture warhead damage *** and DIW technologies are mainly used to manufacture warhead ***,the research on the application of AM technology in three types of warhead and warhead charges was reviewed and the existing problems and progress of AM technologies in each warhead were ***,we summarized the typical applications and look forward to the application prospects of AM technology in the field of warheads.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Fragmentation warhead Shaped charge warhead Penetrating warhead Warhead charge

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electro-optic tuning in ferroelectric capacitor with photonic crystal nanobeam cavity

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 393-394页

作者： Tongtong WANG Yong ZHANG Danyang YAO Zhi JIANG Dongxin TAN Jie WEN Qiyu YANG Xuetao GAN Yan LIU Yue HAO Genquan HAN State Key Discipline laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian University Key laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyShaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information TechnologySchool of Physical Science and TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical University Hangzhou Institute of technology Xidian University

Silicon photonics has provided a platform for the convergency of photonic devices and electronic circuits, facilitating the development of optical telecommunications and optical interconnects on chip [1]. As the basic building block of optical communication systems, electro-optic tuning is expected to be more compact, high bandwidth, energy efficient, and allow for CMOS-compatible fabrication in the future [2]. Resonator-based electro-optic tuning has attracted more and more interest due to the small footprint, enhanced light-matter interactions and high energy efficiency. Compared with microring and microdisk resonators, photonic crystal nanobeam cavities(PCNBCs) realize higher quality factors, stronger light-matter interactions, ultrasmall mode volume and a much larger free spectral range(FSR) [3].

关键词： Hysteresis

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